A History of the Cuban Revolution

List of Illustrations viii Series Editor's Preface ix Acknowledgments xi Timeline xii Introduction 1 Talking about Freedom 2 Scholars Weigh In 3 Why Revolution? 5 Comparing Capitalism and Socialism 8 Latin American Attitudes 12 1 Cuba through 1959 15 Colonial History 15 The Colony in the Republic 20 Revolution: A War, or a Process? 28 2 Experiments with Socialism 36 Analyzing the Situation: Economic Backwardness 37 The 1960s: Experimentation and the Great Debate 40 The 1970s: Institutionalization and the Soviet Model 45 Cuba in the 1970s: How it Worked 46 1986: Rectification 51 How Democratic was Cuban Socialism? 51 3 Relations with the United States 54 The United States and Cuba 55 In their Own Words: U.S. Policymakers Respond to Revolution 57 Covert War: Up to the Bay of Pigs 63 Covert War: After the Bay of Pigs 65 The Missile Crisis 68 After the Missile Crisis 70 The War Continues 72 4 Emigration and Internationalism 75 Miami 78 Beyond Miami 80 Cuba's Global Reach: Beyond the Cold War 81 Cuba and Black Internationalism 82 Cuba in Africa and Latin America 84 Civilian Aid Missions 86 5 Art, Culture, and Revolution 88 Literature 89 Film 94 Music 98 Sport 100 Dance 102 Food 103 Political Culture and Cultural Politics 105 6 Cuba Diversa 110 Race 110 Gender 116 Sexuality 119 Religion 123 7 The "Special Period": Socialism on One Island 126 1993-95: Rapid?]Fire Reforms 126 Social Impact of the Market Reforms 130 Limits to Capitalism 132 Charting New Territory 134 Contradictions: Inequality and Jineterismo 135 Opting to Leave: The 1994 Exodus 138 Debate and its Limits during the 1990s 141 Debating Democracy 142 Limits to Debate 146 8 Cuba into the Twenty?]First Century 149 From Perfeccionamiento to Recentralization 150 Disillusionment 153 Cuba after Fidel: A New Era? 155 Civil Society into the New Century 159 U.S. Policy: The Bush Era 163 Cuba, Venezuela, and the ALBA 164 Barack Obama and Raul Castro: A New Relationship? 166 Analyzing the Changes 168 Conclusion 171 Glossary 174 Notes 177 Bibliography 198 Index 214