
Advances in Human Factors in Robots and Unmanned Systems
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This book focuses on the importance of human factors in the development of safe and reliable unmanned systems. It discusses current challenges such as how to improve the perceptual and cognitive abilities of robots, develop suitable synthetic vision systems, cope with degraded reliability in unmanned systems, predict robotic behavior in case of a loss of communication, the vision for future soldier-robot teams, human-agent teaming, real-world implications for human-robot interaction, and approaches to standardize both the display and control of technologies across unmanned systems. Based on the AHFE 2019 International Conference on Human Factors in Robots and Unmanned Systems, held on July 24-28, 2019, Washington D.C., USA, this book fosters new discussions and stimulates new advances in the development of more reliable, safer, and highly functional devices for carrying out automated and concurrent tasks.
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Content
- Intro
- Advances in Human Factors and Ergonomics 2019
- Preface
- Contents
- Advanced Methods for Human-Agent Interfaces
- Vision Ship Information Overlay and Navigation "VISION" System
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Background
- 3 Problem
- 4 Methods
- 4.1 Hardware System Design
- 4.2 Software Design
- 4.3 Testing and Validation
- 5 Results
- 6 Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- Task Engagement Inference Within Distributed Multiparty Human-Machine Teaming via Topic Modeling
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Background
- 3 Data Collection
- 3.1 Tangram Task
- 3.2 Uncertainty Map Task
- 4 Features and Modeling
- 5 Results and Discussion
- 6 Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Decision Making Using Automated Estimates in the Classification of Novel Stimuli
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 3 Method
- 4 Results and Discussion
- 5 Limitations
- 6 Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Participant Perception and HMI Preferences During Simulated AV Disengagements
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methodology
- 3 Results
- 3.1 Situational Awareness
- 3.2 Perception of Success
- 3.3 HMI Preferences
- 3.4 Subjective Measures - Emotional and Physical Response
- 4 Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- HRI Applications in the Workplace and Exoskeletons
- Development of a Standardized Ergonomic Assessment Methodology for Exoskeletons Using Both Subjective and Objective Measurement Techniques
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methods
- 2.1 Exoskeleton Device
- 2.2 Experimental Design
- 2.3 Laboratory Setup
- 2.4 Data Collection
- 3 Results
- 4 Discussion
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Human-Robot Cooperation in Manual Assembly - Interaction Concepts for the Future Workplace
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 State of the Art
- 3 HRC Research Platform "CoWorkAs"
- 4 Interaction Concept
- 4.1 Computer-Based Control
- 4.2 Head-Based Control via IMU
- 4.3 Gesture-Based Control with Myo Armbands
- 4.4 Force-Based Control by Manipulation of TCP
- 4.5 Markerless Motion-Tracking
- 4.6 Classification of Control Modalities
- 5 Conclusion and Outlook
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Determination of the Subjective Strain Experiences During Assembly Activities Using the Exoskeleton "Chairless Chair"
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Test Design and Methodology
- 2.1 Test Procedure
- 2.2 Test Subjects
- 2.3 Analysis of the Subjective Strain Experiences
- 3 Results
- 3.1 Partial Experiment 1 and 2 - Treadmill Analysis
- 3.2 Partial Experiment 3 and 4 - Screwing Test
- 3.3 Figures Partial Experiment 5 and 6 - Assembly Work
- 4 Discussion
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- A Nursing Robot for Social Interactions and Health Assessment
- Abstract
- 1 The Polylemma in Nursing Care
- 2 State of the Art Robots in Nursing Care
- 2.1 Socio-Assistive Systems
- 2.2 Service Robotics
- 3 Social Interactions and Health Assessment with Robot
- 3.1 Main Concept
- 3.2 Research Questions
- 3.3 Development Process
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Understanding the Preference of the Elderly for Companion Robot Design
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 2.1 Companion Robot
- 2.2 Appearance of the Companion Robot
- 3 Design Concept of Companion Robot for the Elderly
- 3.1 Design Trend of Commercial Companion Robot
- 3.2 Design Concept of the Companion Robot for the Elderly
- 4 Methods
- 4.1 Participants
- 4.2 Procedure
- 5 Result
- 5.1 Cross-Tabulation Analysis
- 5.2 Design Concept Preference by Age Group
- 5.3 Interview Result
- 6 Discussion
- 7 Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- A Study on the Design of Companion Robots Preferred by the Elderly
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Literature Review
- 2.1 Companion Robots for Elderly Emotional Health
- 2.2 Acceptance of a Companion Robot by the Elderly
- 3 Method
- 3.1 Participants
- 3.2 Questionnaire
- 3.3 Procedure
- 3.4 Statistical Analysis
- 4 Results
- 4.1 Type
- 4.2 Weight
- 4.3 Material
- 5 Discussion
- 6 Conclusion
- Acknowledgement
- References
- Human-Robot Communications and Teaming
- Assessment of Manned-Unmanned Team Performance: Comprehensive After-Action Review Technology Development
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Background: AARs and Human-Agent Teaming
- 2.1 Team Communication
- 2.2 Shared Situation Awareness and Transparency
- 2.3 Team Trust
- 3 Background: AARs for Gunnery Operations
- 3.1 Gunnery Performance
- 3.2 Evaluating Gunnery Operations
- 3.3 Typical Gunnery AAR
- 4 Wingman Use Case: Developing Technologies for MUM-T AAR
- 4.1 Technology Components that Support AARs
- 4.2 Technology Supporting the VCE
- 4.3 Individual Crew Station Technology Aids
- 4.4 Global Technology Aids
- 5 Conclusion
- Acknowledgment
- References
- An Uncertainty Principle for Interdependence: Laying the Theoretical Groundwork for Human-Machine Teams
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The Theoretical Problem
- 3 Conclusions
- References
- Neurophysiological Closed-Loop Control for Competitive Multi-brain Robot Interaction
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Background
- 3 Architectural Design
- 3.1 Central Controller
- 3.2 EEG Device
- 3.3 Robot
- 4 Model Implementation
- 5 Closed-Loop Control Intelligence
- 5.1 Image Capture
- 5.2 Line Detection
- 5.3 Linear Velocity Adjustments
- 6 Conclusion
- 7 Future Work
- References
- Robotic Monocular SLAM in Wastewater Treatment Plants with a Sampling Device
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 UAV Network Sampling of Wastewater Plant
- 2.1 Wastewater Plant Sampling
- 2.2 Network Sampling Environment
- 2.3 UAV Network Sampling
- 3 System and Hardware Structure
- 4 Experimental Results
- 4.1 Water Sampling with UAV
- 4.2 UAV Flight Validation System Identification
- 4.3 UAV Localization
- 5 Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Identification of the Relationships Between a Vocal Attribute and a Personality
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methods
- 2.1 Participants
- 2.2 Apparatus
- 2.3 Experimental Procedure
- 2.4 Analysis Method
- 3 Results
- 4 Discussion and Conclusion
- References
- Human, Artificial Intelligence, and Robot Teaming
- Humans and Robots in Off-Normal Applications and Emergencies
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Taxonomy of Normal and Off-Normal
- 3 A Model of Cognitive and Attention Resources in Field Robotics
- 4 Two Case Studies of Emergencies
- 4.1 2018 Kilauea Volcanic Eruption
- 4.2 2018 Hurricane Michael
- 5 Ramifications and Recommendations
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Conveying Robot State and Intent Nonverbally in Military-Relevant Situations: An Exploratory Survey
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Work
- 3 Exploratory Study Design
- 4 Study Results and Discussion
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Human Interaction with Small Unmanned Aerial Systems
- Spatiotemporal Analysis of "Jello Effect" in Drone Videos
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Work
- 3 Representations of Motion Vectors
- 4 Experiment Design
- 5 Persistent "Jello Effect"
- 6 Brisk "Jello Effect"
- 7 Motion Amplification
- 8 Conclusions
- 9 Discussions
- Acknowledgement
- References
- Development of a Concept of Operations for Autonomous Systems
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Concept of Operations Background
- 2.1 Example Case
- 2.2 Concept of Operations Development
- 3 Discussion
- 3.1 Lessons Learned
- 3.2 Future Work
- References
- Human-Drone Interaction: Virtues and Vices in Systemic Perspective
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Rise of the Drones
- 2.1 Commercial Use
- 2.2 Warfare
- 3 The Use and Abuse of Drones
- 3.1 Both Parties Easily Abused
- 3.2 Human Responsibility
- 4 Research Outline
- 4.1 Research Goal and Hypotheses
- 4.2 Research Method and Processes
- 4.3 Respondents
- 5 Research Results
- 5.1 Analysis of the Responses
- 5.2 Comparative Results
- 6 Conclusions and Discussion
- References
- Visual Detection of Trespassing of a Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle into an Airspace
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methods
- 2.1 Human Subjects
- 2.2 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
- 2.3 Test-Field
- 2.4 Procedure
- 2.5 Data Analyses
- 3 Results and Discussion
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Issues of Human Error Management in Introducing New Technology for Bridge Inspection Drones
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Analysis on Safety Management of Drone Use in General
- 2.1 Analysis of Characteristics of Accidents and Troubles (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport Data from 2016 to 2019)
- 2.2 Formulas Analysis of Characteristics of Accidents and Troubles (Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Data from 2015 to 2017)
- 3 Issues of Safety Management on Site
- 3.1 Risk of Using Drone
- 3.2 Response to Workers' Injuries
- 3.3 Response to Third-Party Damage
- 3.4 Basic Discipline to Workers
- 3.5 Gathering and Sharing Information Within the Same Industry
- 4 Conclusion and Future Prospects
- References
- Author Index
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