Critical Reflections

This series of guidebooks draws on the practical knowledge that theCenter for Creative Leadership (CCL) has generated, sinceits inception in 1970, through its research and educationalactivity conducted in partnership with hundreds of thousands ofmanagers and executives. Much of this knowledge is shared-in a waythat is distinct from the typical university department,professional association, or consultancy. CCL is not simply acollection of individual experts, although the individualcredentials of its staff are impressive; rather it is a community,with its members holding certain principles in common and workingtogether to understand and generate practical responses to today'sleadership and organizational challenges. The purpose of the series is to provide managers with specificadvice on how to complete a developmental task or solve aleadership challenge. In doing that, the series carries out CCL'smission to advance the understanding, practice, and development ofleadership for the benefit of society worldwide. Chris Ernst is research director, global leadership, atCCL's Singapore campus. He is responsible for starting upCCL's research and innovation unit in Asia and for comanagingLeadership across Differences, a global project focusing onleadership in diverse, multicultural contexts. Chris holds a Ph.D.in industrial and organizational psychology from North CarolinaState University. André Martin is an enterprise associate atCCL's Colorado Springs campus. He is a lead faculty memberfor the Center's Leadership and High-Performing Teams programand a key designer of the Navigating Complex Challenges program.André holds a Ph.D. in organizational psychology from SaintLouis University.