
Ambition and Reality
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Content
- Intro
- Impressum
- Titel
- Foreword
- Preface Franz Fischler, former EU Commissioner
- 1. Preliminary Remarks on Austria's Foreign Policy
- 1. Domestic and foreign policies are inseparably intertwined.
- 2. The Foreign Service is not the only player in international affairs.
- 3. Foreign policy is not only a matter for central government.
- 4. Austria's Membership in the EU has transformed her concept of state sovereignty.
- 5. The Common Foreign and Security Policy opened up new perspectives for Austrian foreign policy.
- 6. The concept of Austrian neutrality was weakened through EU membership.
- 7. Austrian foreign policy is also security policy.
- 8. The democratic element in foreign policy has become substantially stronger.
- 9. The consular protection of Austrian citizens abroad has developed into a central task for the Foreign Ministry.
- 10. The media influence foreign policy.
- 11. Global problems cannot be solved with local solutions.
- 12. Does Austria have a foreign policy strategy?
- 13. Visions for an Austrian foreign policy.
- 2. The Restoration of Austria and of the Foreign Service in 1945
- A new beginning and physical reconstruction
- The Restoration of the Foreign Service
- Ideological Reorientation
- 3. Austria in the Cold War
- Austria in the Cold War from 1945 until 1955
- Austria's Neutrality in the Cold War (1955-1972)
- Austria and the Policy of Détente in Europe (1972-1991)
- 4. The Marshall Plan in Austria
- 5. The State Treaty
- Development and Structure of the State Treaty Negotiations
- Selected Provisions of the State Treaty
- What remains of the State Treaty?
- 6. Austrian Neutrality
- The Beginnings of Austrian Neutrality
- The Political Compromise on the International Status of Austria
- The Legal Framework of Austria's Neutrality
- The Evolution of Austrian Neutrality from 1955 to 1989
- Neutrality under International Law, but not Ideological Neutrality
- Neutrality and the State Treaty as a Hindrance to Early EC Membership
- Austrian Neutrality after the Global Political Upheavals in 1989
- Domestic Policy Dimensions of Neutrality
- 7. Switzerland: A Model with Differences
- Neutrality and European Politics
- United Nations, Human Rights and Humanitarian Action
- Bilateral Relations between Austria and Switzerland
- 8. The Hungarian Crisis 1956
- 9. The Crisis in Czechoslovakia 1968: Crisis Management and International Law
- 10. Austria and the United Nations
- Excursus: The Non-Aligned Movement
- Austria in the Security Council
- Austrians in Prominent Positions in the United Nations and in the Special Organizations
- Peacekeeping Operations
- 11. Vienna as a City of International Meetings and Conferences
- East-West Summit Meetings and Visits in Austria
- Vienna as the Capital for the Codification of International Law
- Vienna as one of the Headquarters of the United Nations and other International Organizations
- Headquarters and Conferences as a Security Factor
- Assessment of Vienna's Current Opportunities and Shortcomings
- 12. From CSCE to OSCE
- Historical Retrospective
- Austria and the OSCE - a Successful Partnership
- The Period from 1970 to 1990
- Austria and Basket 3
- The Group of "Neutral and Non-Aligned States"
- The Period after the Collapse of Communism
- Vienna as OSCE Headquarters
- Austria's Priorities in the OSCE
- The Austrian OSCE Chairmanship in 2000
- New Challenges for Austria's OSCE Policies
- 13. International Protection of Human Rights
- Human Rights Policies within the Framework of the UN
- Human Rights Protection in the Regional Context
- Austria's Human Rights Policy in the EU
- Bilateral Human Rights Diplomacy
- 14. South Tyrol - the International Solution to a Deep-Seated Problem
- The Political Fate of South Tyrol from 1918 to 1945
- The Path to the Gruber-De Gasperi Agreement
- Milestones to South Tyrolean Autonomy
- Agreement on Expanded Autonomy
- 15. Austria's Peace Policy in the Middle East
- 16. Austria and Central Europe
- 17. Relations with Belgrade and the Collapse of Yugoslavia
- Yugoslavian Territorial Claims
- Protection of the Slovenian Minority
- Economic Aspects of Austrian-Yugoslavian Relations
- Austrian-Yugoslavian Cooperation in view of Détente
- Austria's Role in the Collapse of Yugoslavia
- 18. Austria and the EU
- Immutable Elements of Austrian Integration Policy before the Collapse of Communism in 1989/90
- The Various Stages of Austria's Integration Policy
- Revising Outdated Attitudes
- The Accession Negotiations
- Austria's two EU Council Presidencies
- Austria's first EU Presidency
- The second Presidency
- Excursus: The Sanctions Imposed on Austria by her 14 EU Partners
- 19. "Annus mirabilis" 1989 and the Collapse of Communism
- Introduction
- Impact on the European Unification Process
- Austria and the Consequences of 1989-90
- Developments in Selected Countries
- 20. The Collapse of the Soviet Union and Russia's New Beginning
- Fundamental Factors in the Vienna-Moscow Relationship
- Austrian-Soviet Relations before 1991
- Austrian-Soviet Relations immediately after the Conclusion of the State Treaty
- Austria and the Dissolution of the Soviet Union
- The Emergence of New States on the Territory of the Former Soviet Union
- Excursus: The Role of the Moscow Embassy
- 21. Austria and the USA: An Ambivalent Relationship
- Historical Background
- Bilateral Relations after 1945
- Who in Washington is Responsible for Foreign Policy?
- Austria Caught up by her Nazi Past
- September 11, 2001 - The Beginning of a New Era
- The Role of Bilateral Ambassadors
- Concluding Thoughts on the USA's Relations to Europe and Austria
- 22. Austria and Germany: A Complicated Relationship
- Relations with the Federal Republic of Germany
- Relations with the German Democratic Republic
- West Berlin
- Bilateral Relations after German Reunification
- A Friendly, Matter-of-fact Relationship in Europe's Interest
- 23. Austria and Western Europe
- A Few Fundamental Remarks
- Austro-French Relations
- Relations between Austria and Great Britain
- 24. Austria's Responsibility in the Balkans
- Austria's Special Relationship with the Balkans
- Austria's Balkan Expertise
- Austria and the Balkan States' European Perspective
- Specific Examples of Austria's Close Bilateral Relations in the Balkans
- 25. The Human Dimension of Foreign Policy
- Free Movement of Persons
- Visas
- Policies for Asylum Applicants and Refugees
- Protecting Austrians abroad
- Excursus: Immigration and Integration
- 26. Coming to Terms with the Nazi Past: Restitution and Compensation
- Historical Background
- First Steps toward Restitution
- Reflecting and Rethinking
- Art Restitution and Provenance Research
- Political Solutions instead of a Legalistic Approach
- 27. Austria's Foreign Cultural Policy - "Superpower" despite Modest Means
- 28. Development Cooperation - the Poor Relation of Austrian Politics
- Basic Concepts
- Austrian Development Cooperation
- 29. Foreign Economic Policy in the Age of Globalization
- Preliminary Remarks
- The Consequences of Globalization - the Case of China
- Multilateral Efforts for Establishing Global Economic Governance
- The Representation of Austria's Economic Interests abroad
- 30. Final Considerations and Recommendations
- Strategic Considerations concerning Austria's Foreign Policy
- Specific Recommendations
- The Foreign Ministry's Role in Analyzing International Developments
- Austria as a Member of the EU
- Living together in a Multicultural society
- International Protection of Human Rights, Mediation and Election Monitoring
- International Security Policy
- Demographic Developments in Europe
- The Need for a New Approach in Development Cooperation
- International Economic and Financial Issues
- Register of Persons
- Selected Literature
- Internet
- The Authors
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