Fiber-Reinforced Polymers: Processes and Applications

Name: Fiber-Reinforced Polymers: Processes and Applications
Brand: Nova Science Publishers Inc
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Iulian Pruncu Catalin(Editor)

Nova Science Publishers Inc

Published on 20. January 2021

454 pages

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978-1-5361-9121-9 (ISBN)

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Content

Intro
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1
Introduction to Fiber-Reinforced Polymers
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Fibers for Reinforcement
2.1. Natural Fibers
2.1.1. Animal Fibers
2.1.2. Wool
2.1.3. Chicken Feather Fiber
2.1.4. Plant Fibers
2.1.5. Bast Fibers
2.1.5.1. Jute
2.1.5.2. Flax
2.1.5.3. Kenaf
2.1.6. Leaf Fibers
2.1.6.1. Sisal
2.1.6.2. Pineapple
2.1.6.3. Banana
2.1.7. Grass Fibers
2.1.7.1. Bamboo
2.1.7.2. Bagasse
2.1.8. Fruit and Seed Fibers
2.1.8.1. Coir
2.1.8.2. Oil Palm
2.1.8.3. Cotton
2.1.9. Straw Fibers
2.2. Synthetic Fibers
2.2.1. Organic Fibers
2.2.1.1. Aramid
2.2.2. Inorganic Fibers
2.2.2.1. Carbon Fiber
2.2.2.2. Glass Fiber
3. Polymers Commonly Used as Matrix
3.1. Thermoplastic Polymer Matrix
3.1.1. Polyethylene (PE)
3.1.2. Polypropylene (PP)
3.1.3. Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
3.2. Thermoset Polymers
3.2.1. Epoxies
3.2.2. Polyesters
3.2.3. Vinyl Esters
4. Recent Trends in Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites
Conclusion and Future Prospects
References
Chapter 2
Natural and Synthetic Fibers in Polymer-Based Composites
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. The Concept of Polymer Matrix Composites and the Role of Fibers
3. Types of Fibers Used in Polymer-Based Composites: Synthetic and Natural
3.1. Carbon Fibers
3.2. Glass Fibers
3.3. Aramid Fibers
3.4. Natural Fibers
3.5. Other Fibers
4. Characteristics of Natural Fibers as Compared to Synthetic Ones
4.1. Properties of Natural Fibers
4.2. Production of Natural Fiber Composites: The Treatments
Conclusion
References
Chapter 3
Nano-Engineered Fibers in Polymer Matrices
Abstract
Abbreviations
1. Introduction
2. Fabrication Methods
2.1. Electrospinning Methods
2.2. Centrifugal Jet Spinning
2.3. Solution Blow Spinning (SBS)
2.4. Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD)
2.5. Template Based Deposition
2.6. Self- Assembly Method
2.7. Drawing
3. Types of Surface Engineered Nano Fibers in Polymers
3.1. Carbon Based Nano Fibers
3.2. Polymer Based Nano Fibers
3.3. Biopolymer Nano Fibers
3.4. Hybrid Nano Fibers
4. Applications of Nano-Engineered Fiber Based Polymer Composites
4.1. Biomedical Application
4.2. Energy Storage Application
4.3. Sensing Application
4.4. Other Applications
Conclusion
References
Chapter 4
Recent Developments of Fiber - Reinforced Polymer Composites in Automotive
Abstract
1. Introduction
1.1. Trends in Automotive Lightweighting
1.1.1. Evolution of Lightweight Materials in Automobiles
1.1.2. Advanced Composite Materials for Automotive Applications
2. Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite
2.1. Natural Fiber Composites
2.2. Natural Fibers Used in NFRCs
2.3. Growth Opportunities for Natural Fiber-Reinforced Composites in Automobile Industries
2.3.1. Bio-Based Content in Automotive Components
2.3.1.1. Interior Components
2.3.1.2. Exterior Components
2.4. Automotive Manufacturers, Models, and Components Using Bio-Fibers
2.4.1. Ford
2.4.2. BMW
2.4.3. Daimler Chrysler and Mercedes Benz
2.4.4. General Motors
2.4.5. Audi
2.4.6. Toyota
Conclusion
References
Chapter 5
Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites in Aviation
Abstract
Abbreviations
1. Introduction
2. A Brief History of FRP Use in the Aviation Industry
3. FRP Materials for Aviation
3.1. Carbon Fiber
3.2. Glass Fibers
3.3. Aramid Fibers
3.4. Epoxies
3.5. Polyesters
3.6. Vinyl Ester
3.7. Polyether Ether Ketone
3.8. Polyphenylene Sulfide
3.9. Polyetherimide
4. Manufacturing Techniques
4.1. Hand Lay-Up Technique
4.2. Automated Tape Lay-up (ATL)
4.3. Automated Fiber Placement
4.4. Resin Transfer Molding (RTM)
4.5. Vacuum-Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM)
4.6. Filament Winding
4.7. Pultrusion
5. FRP Manufacturing for Aerospace Applications
6. Recent Advancement in FRP Composite Manufacturing (Materials and Processing)
7. Global Market Study
8. Challenges
Conclusion
References
Chapter 6
Fibre Selections in Polymer Matrices for Protective Structures
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Fibre Selection
2.1. Natural Fibres
2.1.1. Selection of Natural Fibres
2.2. Synthetic Fibres
2.3. Selection of Synthetic Fibres
2.3.1. Polymeric Fibres
2.3.2. Glass Fibres
2.3.3. Carbon/Metal/Ceramic Fibres
3. Applications of Composites for Protective Structures
Conclusion
References
Chapter 7
Manufacturing Methods of Fiber-Reinforced Polymers
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Evolution of Fiber Reinforced Composites (FRCs)
3. Manufacturing Processes for Composites
3.1. The Hand Lay-Up Method
3.2. Spray-Up Processes
3.3. Vacuum Bagging Processes
3.4. Resin Transfer Moulding (RTM)
3.5. VARTM Process
3.6. Pultrusion Process
3.7. Compression molding
3.8. Injection Molding
4. Advance Manufacturing Processes
4.1. Electrospinning Process
4.2. Filament Winding
4.3. Automated Fiber Placement (AFP)
5. Summary and Future Prospects
Conclusion
References
Chapter 8
Machinability of Fiber-Reinforced Polymers
Abstract
Abbreviations
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Preparation of Sugarcane Nanocellulose Fiber
2.3. Preparation of Al-SiC Nanoparticles
2.4. Fabrication of Sugarcane Nanocellulose Fiber/Al-SiC Polyester Composites
3. Methodology
4. Mechanical Characterization
5. Results and Discussion
5.1. Effect of Process Variables on Material Removal Rate
5.2. Modelling of ANN
6. Mechanical Characteristics
6.1. Tensile Properties
6.2. Flexural Properties
6.3. Impact Strength
6.4. Vickers Hardness
Conclusion
Future Perspective
References
Chapter 9
Mechanical Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Polymers
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Mechanical Properties of Composites
2.1. Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites (NFRPCs)
2.2. Synthetic Fiber-Based Polymer Composites (SFRPCs)
2.3. Natural and Synthetic Fiber-Based Polymer Composites
3. Uses of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
Conclusion
References
Chapter 10
Aging Effect on Fibre-Reinforced Polymers
Abstract
Acronyms
1. Introduction
2. Influence of Aging Conditions on Mechanical Properties of the Bio-Composites
2.1. Soil Burial Test
2.2. Hygrothermal Aging
2.3. Seawater Aging
2.4. Accelerated Weathering
3. Influence of Environmental Aging on Thermal Properties of Bio-Composites
4. Influence of Environmental Aging on the Morphological Structure of Bio-Composites
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Conflict of Interest
References
Chapter 11
Fiber Reinforced Nano Composites: Mechanical and Biological Aspects for Biomedical Applications
Abstract
Abbreviations
1. Introduction
2. Preparation Methods of FRPCs
2.1. Melt Compounding or Molding
2.2. Solution Mixing
2.3. In-Situ Polymerization
2.4. Bio-Functionalization of FRPCs
3. Characterization of FRPCs
3.1. X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) Analysis
3.2. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Analysis
3.3. Mechanical Characterization
3.4. Water Contact Angle
3.5. Microscopic Analysis
3.6. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
3.7. Miscellaneous
4. Recent Advances in FRPCs
5. Biomedical Applications of FRPCs
5.1. Orthopedic and Dental Applications
5.2. Drug Delivery Applications
5.3. Tissue Engineering
6. Challenges and Future Prospective
Conclusion
References
Chapter 12
Mechanical Behaviour of Fiber Reinforced Polymeric Composites at Different Loading and Environmental Conditions
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Static Performance of Polymeric Composites at High Temperature and Various Loading Rates
3. Hygrothermal Performance of FRP Composites at Various Loading Conditions
4. Thermal Spike Performance of FRP Composites at Various Loading Rates
5. Effect of Cryogenic Environment on FRPs
6. Effect of UV Radiation
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 13
Future Trends of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Global Market Overview of FRP Composites
2.1. Carbon-Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites
2.1.1. Classification of Carbon Fibers
2.1.2. Application Areas
2.1.3. Market Overview
2.2. Glass Fiber
2.2.1. Classification of GF
2.2.2. Applications
2.2.3. Market
2.3. Aramid Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
2.3.1. Classification of Aramid Fibers
2.3.2. Application Areas
2.3.3. Market Overview
2.4. Natural Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
2.4.1. Classification of Natural Fibers
2.4.2. Market Overview
2.4.2.1. Natural Polymer Market Analysis
2.4.2.2. Natural Polymer Reinforced Composites Market Analysis
3. State-of-the-Art Applications of FRP Composites
3.1. Automotive Industry
3.2. Petroleum Industry
3.3. Building and Construction Industry
3.4. Consumer Products and Furniture
3.4.1. Electric Products
3.4.2. Sports Equipment
3.4.3. Musical Instruments
3.5.4. Packaging Material
Conclusion
References
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