Advances in Human Factors in Simulation and Modeling

Name: Advances in Human Factors in Simulation and Modeling | Proceedings of the AHFE 2018 International Conferences on Human Factors and Simulation and Digital Human Modeling and Applied Optimization, Held on July 21-25, 2018, in Loews Sapphire Falls Resort at Universal Studios, Orlando, Florida, USA
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Proceedings of the AHFE 2018 International Conferences on Human Factors and Simulation and Digital Human Modeling and Applied Optimization, Held on July 21-25, 2018, in Loews Sapphire Falls Resort at Universal Studios, Orlando, Florida, USA

Daniel N. Cassenti(Editor)

Springer (Publisher)

1st Edition

Published on 26. June 2018

XVI, 525 pages

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978-3-319-94223-0 (ISBN)

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Content

Intro
Advances in Human Factors and Ergonomics 2018
Preface
Human Factors and Simulation
Digital Human Modeling and Applied Optimization
Contents
Virtual Environments and Augmented Reality
Determining the Ecological Validity of Simulation Environments in Support of Human Competency Development
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Competence, Human Abilities, and Affordances
2.1 Competence
2.2 Human Abilities
2.3 Affordance Theory
3 Integrated Training Environment Assessment Methodology
3.1 Requirements Definition
3.2 Verification
3.3 Assessment
4 Testing the Methodology
4.1 Discussion About Studies
4.2 Lessons Learned from Failure and Success
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
The Use of Immersive Virtual Reality for the Test and Evaluation of Interactions with Simulated Agents
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Purpose
1.2 Robotic Collaborative Technology Alliance (RCTA) - Transitioning Robots from Tools to Teammates
1.3 MMI Evaluation Considerations
2 Validity in IVR
2.1 Ecological Validity
2.2 Gamification and Serious Games
3 Immersive Virtual Reality Research Benefits
3.1 Enhanced Presence and Engagement
3.2 Data Collection Benefits
3.3 Real World Scenario Accessibility
4 HRI Research in IVR
4.1 HRI Relevant Scenarios
4.2 Use Case: RCTA Experiments
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Beyond Anthropometry and Biomechanics: Digital Human Models for Modeling Realistic Behaviors of Virtual Humans
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Spatial and Physical Design
2.1 Anthropometric DHMs
2.2 Biomechanic DHMs
3 Virtual Environments
4 Human Performance Models
5 Human Information Processing and Cognition
6 A Modeling Structure of Intelligent Appearing Behaviors
6.1 A Procedural Approach
6.2 An Alternative Approach Introducing Rules and Relationships
7 Conclusions and Outlook
References
Determining the Effect of Object-Based Foveated Rendering on the Quality of Simulated Reality
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 History of Simulated Reality
1.2 Current State of Simulated Reality
2 Purpose
2.1 Long-Term Goal
2.2 Short-Term Engineering Goals Achieved in Phase 1
2.3 Object Collection
2.4 Simulation Design
2.5 Data Collection and Analysis
3 Phase I Conclusions
4 Phase II Study Plan
4.1 Materials/Procedure/Simulation Design
4.2 Participant Gathering
4.3 Testing
4.4 Risk/Safety
4.5 Data Analysis
5 Possible Conclusions
6 Future Application
References
A Test Protocol for Advancing Behavioral Modeling and Simulation in the Army Soldier Systems Engineering Architecture
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Soldier - Equipment - Task Framework
3 Squad Overmatch
4 A Scenario-Based Assessment Protocol
4.1 Mission Tasks and Objectives
4.2 Tactical Tasks and Soldier Warrior Leader Tasks
4.3 Flow Diagram of Key Events
4.4 Network Model Storyboard
4.5 Support Package and Detailed Master Scenario Event List
4.6 Event-Based Performance Objectives
4.7 Prepare Supporting Materials for Implementing Protocol
4.8 Measures
5 A Test Protocol for Application to SSEA Modeling Studies
References
Human Factors for Military Applications of Head-Worn Augmented Reality Displays
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Case Studies in Human Factors Evaluations
3.1 Depth Perception and X-ray Vision
3.2 Mobile AR for Military Training
3.3 Basic Perception in Head-Worn AR Displays
4 Discussion and Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Latent Heat Loss of a Virtual Thermal Manikin for Evaluating the Thermal Performance of Bicycle Helmets
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Heat Transfer Between User and Environment
3 Materials and Methods
3.1 Computational Domain and Geometry
3.2 Resolving Boundary Layer
3.3 Boundary Conditions
3.4 Turbulence Models and Simulation Settings
4 Numerical Simulations: Results
4.1 Thermal Manikin Without Helmet
4.2 Thermal Manikin with Helmets
5 Discussion
5.1 Thermal Manikin Without Helmet
5.2 Thermal Manikin with Helmets
5.3 Limitations and Further Research
6 Summary and Conclusion
References
Modeling of 3D Environments for Collaborative Immersive Applications Scenarios
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Objective
3 Methodology
4 Results
4.1 3D Models
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Modeling and Simulation Applications
Manned-Unmanned Teaming: US Army Robotic Wingman Vehicles
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 US Army Wingman Program
2.1 Assessing Real-World Gunnery Operations
2.2 Development of the Simulation SIL
3 Human Integration and Assessment
3.1 Human Integration
3.2 Recording and Assessing MUM-T Operations
4 Future Work
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Monitoring Task Fatigue in Contemporary and Future Vehicles: A Review
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Assessment of Sleep History: Actigraphy
3 Subjective States: Multidimensional Models
4 ECG: New Metrics
4.1 Spectral Frequency Metrics
4.2 Non-linear Metrics
5 Eye Tracking: Beyond PERCLOS
5.1 Fixation Duration and Drowsiness
5.2 Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA)
6 Methodological Challenges
7 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Estimating Human State from Simulated Assisted Driving with Stochastic Filtering Techniques
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Decision Authority
1.2 Managing Trust-Based Decisions
1.3 Current Work: Modeling and Stochastic Filtering
2 Methodology
2.1 Simulated Leader-Follower Driving Task
2.2 Process for Stochastic Filtering State Estimation
3 Results
3.1 Feature Selection
3.2 Model Structure
3.3 Filter Implementation
4 Summary and Future Directions
Acknowledgements
References
Translating Driving Research from Simulation to Interstate Driving with Realistic Traffic and Passenger Interactions
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Trait Similarity Metric
2.2 State Similarity Metrics
2.3 Physiological Synchrony Metric
3 Results
3.1 Real-Life Social Networks Capture Trait Similarity Among Dyads
3.2 Dyad Interaction Outside of the Experiment Relate to State Effects at Drive 1
3.3 Neural Synchrony Captures Time-Evolving Relationships Between Dyad Partners
4 Discussion
References
Challenges with Developing Driving Simulation Systems for Robotic Vehicles
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Interaction with Systems that Do Not Yet Exist
2.1 ARIBO
2.2 Addressing the Technical Challenges
3 Remote Operation of Unmanned Real-World Vehicles
3.1 Wingman
3.2 Development of a Software-in-the-Loop Simulation System
3.3 Addressing the Technical Challenges
4 Assessing Adaptive Teaming Capabilities
4.1 Privileged Sensing Framework Autonomy Research Pilot Initiative
4.2 Addressing the Technical Challenges
5 General Discussion and Way Forward
Acknowledgments
References
Trust in Automation Among Volunteers Participating in a Virtual World Telehealth Mindfulness Meditation Training Program
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Participants
2.2 Instruments
2.3 Procedure
2.4 Data Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
Acknowledgments
References
Perceived Workload and Performance in the Presence of a Malodor
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Hypotheses
2.2 Participants
2.3 Materials
2.4 Procedure
2.5 Measurement
2.6 Naming Convention
3 Results
3.1 Tests for Normality
3.2 Individual Statistical Analysis
3.3 Correlation Analysis
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Appendix: NASA TLX Form
References
Automatic Generation of Statistical Shape Models in Motion
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Building a Statistical Shape Model
2.2 Skeleton Generation
2.3 Modification of Movement File
3 Experiments and Results
3.1 Building a Statistical Shape Model
3.2 Shape Prediction and Skeleton Generation
3.3 Adding Movement
4 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Multi-patch B-Spline Statistical Shape Models for CAD-Compatible Digital Human Modeling
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Patch Layout
2.2 B-Spline Approximation
2.3 SSM Construction
2.4 SolidWorks AddIn
3 Results
4 Discussion
Acknowledgments
References
Extreme Environments and Military Applications
Effects of Dynamic Automation on Situation Awareness and Workload in UAV Control Decision Tasks
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Participants
2.2 Apparatus
2.3 Scenario
2.4 Experiment Design and Variables
2.5 Hypothesis
2.6 Procedure
2.7 Data Analysis
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Investigating the Large-Scale Effects of Human Driving Behavior on Vehicular Traffic Flow
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Simulation Environment
3.1 Scenario
3.2 Traffic Models
3.3 Modeling Driver Distractions
4 Results
4.1 Baseline
4.2 Varying Reaction Times
4.3 Anticipatory Driving
4.4 Distracted Driving
5 Conclusion and Future Work
Acknowledgments
References
Agents in Space: Validating ABM-GIS Models
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Verification
4 Validation
5 Results
6 Conclusion
References
Influence of Indirect Vision and Virtual Reality Training Under Varying Manned/Unmanned Interfaces in a Complex Search-and-Shoot Simulation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Participants
2.2 The Underwater Search-and-Shoot Simulation
2.3 Experiment Design
3 Results
3.1 Performance Measures
3.2 Cognitive Measures
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Cognitive Metrics Profiling: A Model-Driven Approach to Predicting and Classifying Workload
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Cognitive Metrics Profiling
3 Overview
4 Unmanned Vehicle Task
5 Physiological Metrics
6 Cognitive Model
7 Goal Hierarchy
7.1 Model Strategy
7.2 Applying Cognitive Metrics Profiling to the UVT
8 Conclusion and Outlook
References
Simulation of Financial Systemic Risk and Contagion in the U.S. Housing Market
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Foreclosure Discount Literature
3 Research Design and Methodology
3.1 Types of Foreclosures
4 Results
5 Conclusion
References
Micro-Simulation Model as a Tool for Evaluating the Reform of China's Personal Income Tax
Abstract
1 Research Background
2 Modeling Frameworks
3 Empirical Results and Evaluation
3.1 Micro-data Description
3.2 The Micro-fate of the Current Personal Income Tax System
4 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Design of a New Setup for the Dynamic Analysis of the Recoil-Shoulder Interaction
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Recoil Parameters
2.1 Free- and Blocked Recoil
2.2 Influence of the Shooter
3 Modeling the Shoulder-Weapon Interaction
3.1 Experimental Observations
3.2 Mechanical Model Development
4 Conclusions
References
Cognitive Modeling
From Cognitive Modeling to Robotics: How Research on Human Cognition and Computational Cognitive Architectures can be Applied to Robotics Problems
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Artificial Intelligence Approaches
3 Lessons Learned from Cognitive Architectures
4 Conclusions
References
Adaptive Automation in Cyber Security
Abstract
1 The Role and Tasks of a Cyber Analyst
1.1 Difficulty of Cyber Work
1.2 Work Activities
2 Multi-Level Cognitive Cybernetics
2.1 Closed-Feedback Loops
2.2 Levels of Analysis
2.3 Stages of Cognitive Processing
3 Stages of Cyber Situation Awareness
3.1 Level 1: Perception/Detection
3.2 Level 2: Comprehension/Situation Awareness
3.3 Level 3: Projection/Threat Assessment
4 Example of Adaptive Aids in a Cyber Task
4.1 Classifying Activity as Potential Threats or Non-threats
4.2 An Information Processing Aid
4.3 Decision-Making Aid
4.4 Empirical Test
5 Conclusions
References
An Integrated Model of Human Cyber Behavior
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 The Model
2.1 The Task Network Model
2.2 The Markov Decision Process Model
2.3 The Middleware
3 The Data
4 Model Mechanics
4.1 Interpolation, Prediction, and Validation
5 Discussion
References
Conditional Deterrence: An Agent-Based Framework of Escalation Dynamics in an Era of WMD Proliferation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Classical Deterrence
3 Conditional Deterrence
4 Modeling Proliferation
5 Preliminary Results and Policy Implications
6 Conclusion and Discussion
References
Human Behavior Under Emergency and Its Simulation Modeling: A Review
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Human Behavior Change Under Emergencies
2.1 Human Behaviors and Psychological Parameters
2.2 The Decision-Making Process
2.3 Crowd Behavior
2.4 Panic Emotion and Panic Behavior
3 Factors Impacting Human Behavior Change
3.1 Human Factors
3.2 Environmental Factors
3.3 Policy Factors
4 Experimental and Simulation Studies
4.1 Computer Emergency Simulations
4.2 Modeling and Simulation of Pedestrian Movement
5 Conclusion
References
ACT-R Modeling to Simulate Information Amalgamation Strategies
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 Quantifying the Value of Information
2.2 Quantifying the Value of Information Interaction
2.3 Expanding the Participant Pool
3 VOI Task Results
3.1 Initial Rating Ranking
3.2 Adjusted Rating Ranking
4 ACT-R Method
4.1 Architecture Background
4.2 Simulation of Amalgamation Strategies
5 Conclusion and Path Forward
Acknowledgments
References
No Representation Without Integration! Better Cognitive Modeling Through Interoperability
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 The DREAMIT Workspace: Design Goals
3 The DREAMIT Workspace: Implementation Details
4 Using the Workspace in the Not So Grand Challenge
4.1 The Task Network Model
4.2 The Accumulator Model
4.3 Integrating the Models
4.4 Preliminary Results
5 Discussion
References
Applications in Safety and Risk Perception
The Effect of Hazard Clustering and Risk Perception on Hazard Recognition
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Participants
2.2 Panoramic Images
2.3 Procedure
2.4 Eye-Movement Data Processing
2.5 Statistical Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Accuracy
3.2 Perceived Risk
4 Discussion and Conclusion
Disclaimer
References
From the Laboratory to the Field: Developing a Portable Workplace Examination Simulation Tool
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Training Strategies to Improve Hazard Recognition Ability
3 Hazard Recognition and Critical Competencies
3.1 General Hazard Recognition Knowledge
3.2 Site-Specific Hazard Recognition Knowledge
3.3 Visual Search
3.4 Pattern Recognition
4 Use Case Definition for EXAMiner
5 EXAMiner Workflow
5.1 Session Setup
5.2 Search Task
5.3 Session Debrief
5.4 Training Intervention
Acknowledgments/Disclaimer
References
Using High-Fidelity Physical Simulations of the Environment to Evaluate Risk Factors for Slips and Falls in the Mining Industry
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Use of Simulations in Slip and Fall Research
1.2 Importance of the Shoe-Floor Interface
2 Example Studies
2.1 Testing Walkway Materials on an Inclined Grated Metal Walkway
2.2 Testing Boots with Metatarsal Guards on a Grated Metal Stairway
3 Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
The Effectiveness of Tactical Communication and Protection Systems (TCAPS) on Minimizing Hearing Hazard and Maintaining Auditory Situational Awareness
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Measuring TCAPS Performance
2.1 TCAPS Attenuation
2.2 TCAPS Localization
3 Discussion
References
Improving Safety Training Through Gamification: An Analysis of Gaming Attributes and Design Prototypes
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Field Studies
4 Usability Themes
4.1 Empirical Evidence
4.2 Affinity Diagram
5 Game Prototypes
5.1 Harry's Hard Choices
5.2 Game Attributes for Safety Training
6 Pilot Test
7 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
The Factors Affecting the Quality of Learning Process and Outcome in Virtual Reality Environment for Safety Training in the Context of Mining Industry
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Participants and Study Context
2.1 Technology-in-Use
2.2 Training Scenario
2.3 Participants
3 Methodology
4 Result
5 Conclusion
References
Classification Algorithms in Adaptive Systems for Neuro-Ergonomic Applications
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Requirements for Implementation in Adaptive Systems
1.2 Examples of Classification Algorithms for Adaptive Systems
2 Logistic Regression
2.1 Overview
2.2 Application to Adaptive Systems
3 Naïve Bayes
3.1 Overview
3.2 Application to Adaptive Systems
4 Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)
4.1 Overview
4.2 Application to Adaptive Systems
5 Support Vector Machines (SVM)
5.1 Overview
5.2 Application to Adaptive Systems
6 Summary
7 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Digital Modeling and Biomechanics
Repetitive-Task Ankle Joint Injury Assessment Using Artificial Neural Network
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Dynamic Prediction System
2.2 Finite Element Model
3 Injury Propensity and Repetitive Load
4 Result and Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
An Articulating Statistical Shape Model of the Human Hand
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Reference Articulating Hand Model
2.2 Articulation-Based Registration
2.3 Shape Correspondences
2.4 Pose Normalization
2.5 Shape Modelling
3 Results
3.1 Articulation-Based Registration
3.2 Statistical Model
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
The Effect of Object Surfaces and Shapes on Hand Grip Function for Heavy Objects
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Subjects
2.2 Procedure
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Approaches to Study Spine Biomechanics: A Literature Review
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods Used to Study the Spine
2.1 In Vivo
2.2 Cadaveric Testing (In Vitro)
2.3 Finite Element Analysis
2.4 Musculoskeletal Modeling
3 Conclusion
References
Development of a Tendon Driven Finger Joint Model Using Finite Element Method
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Material Properties
2.2 Boundary Conditions
2.3 Numerical Tests
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Muscle Force Prediction Method Considering the Role of Antagonistic Muscle
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Conventional Musculoskeletal Model
2.1 Optimization Method
2.2 Functional Effective Muscle Method
3 Coupled Spring Model Considering Antagonistic Muscle
3.1 A Model Expressing Antagonistic Muscles with Coupled Spring
3.2 Determination of Spring Rate
3.3 Muscle Force Estimated from Agonist Torque and Antagonistic Torque
4 Verification Experiment
4.1 Comparison with the Conventional Methods
4.2 Experiment with Surface-EMG (SEMG)
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Automatic Learning of Climbing Configuration Space for Digital Human Children Model
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Development of Auto-Generation System of Children's Climbing Behavior Database
2.1 Development of Three-Dimensional (3D) Posture Data Acquisition System
2.2 Behavior Observation
2.3 Development of Children's Climbing Behavior Database
3 Analysis of Configuration Space Using Children's Climbing Behavior Database
3.1 Extraction of Feature Quantities
3.2 Analysis of Important Factors for Children's Climbing Behavior
3.3 Analysis of Classification for Children's Climbing Behavior
4 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Measurement System of the Temporomandibulares Joint
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Development
2.1 Base of Support for Cameras
2.2 Markers
2.3 Orthodontic Marker
2.4 Adhesive Marker
2.5 Filming System
2.6 System Calibration
2.7 Subjects Evaluated
3 Methodology Used
4 Results and Discussions
5 Conclusions
References
Ergonomics Simulation and Evaluation Application for the Wheelhouse on Large Ships
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Building the Wheelhouse Models of Digital Ship
3 Building the Virtual Human Models
3.1 Analyzing Key Positions in the Wheelhouse
3.2 Setting the Crew Body Model Sizes
4 Analyzing and Validating Typical Tasks
4.1 Riding Comfort of the Sailing Commander
4.2 Convenience on up and Down of the Sailing Commander
4.3 Lookout Visibility of the Sailing Commander
4.4 Operation Accessibility of the Steersman
4.5 Operation Fatigue of the Steersman
4.6 Lookout Visibility of the Steersman
4.7 Operation Accessibility of the Telegraph Operator
4.8 Spatial Rationality of the Wheelhouse
5 Conclusion
References
Using Digital Human Modeling to Evaluate Large Scale Retailers' Furniture: Two Case Studies
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Ethnographic Research
2.2 DHM Simulation Set-Up
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Cashier Desk
3.2 Clerks
4 Conclusions
References
Erratum to: Advances in Human Factors in Simulation and Modeling
Erratum to: D. N. Cassenti (Ed.): Advances in Human Factors in Simulation and Modeling, AISC 780, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94223-0
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Advances in Human Factors in Simulation and Modeling

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