
Advances in Artificial Intelligence
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Content
- Title
- Preface
- Organization
- Table of Contents
- Dynamic Obstacle Representations for Robot and Virtual Agent Navigation
- Introduction
- Repellers
- Dynamic Tangent Obstacle Representations
- Straight Lines
- Convex Shapes
- Concave Shapes
- Properties of Obstacle Representations
- Demonstrations
- Basic Testing and Calibration
- Complicated Environments
- Conclusion
- References
- Grounding Formulas with Complex Terms
- Introduction
- Background
- FO MX with Arithmetic
- Evaluating Out Arithmetic and Instance Functions
- Answers to Terms
- Base Case for Complex Terms
- Experimental Evaluation
- Related Work
- Conclusion
- References
- Moving Object Modelling Approach for Lowering Uncertainty in Location Tracking Systems
- Introduction
- Moving Object Modelling
- MO Speed Model
- MO Trip Route model
- Estimated Trajectory Updating
- Experimental Results
- Conclusion
- References
- Unsupervised Relation Extraction Using Dependency Trees for Automatic Generation of Multiple-Choice Questions
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Our Approach
- Named Entity Recognition (NER)
- Extraction of Candidate Patterns
- Pattern Ranking
- Evaluation
- Results
- Future Work
- Conclusion
- References
- An Improved Satisfiable SAT Generator Based on Random Subgraph Isomorphism
- Introduction
- A Random Model for Generating Satisfiable SGI Instances
- Empirical Investigation of SAT Encoded SRHD-SGI
- SRHD-SGI Preserves the Main Characteristics of SR-SGI
- SRHD-SGI Generates Harder SAT Instances than SR-SGI
- Conclusion
- References
- Utility Estimation in Large Preference Graphs Using A* Search
- Introduction
- Preference Networks
- Generating Partial COP-Nets
- Motivation for Partial COP-Net Construction
- Partial COP-Net Composition
- Search Space
- The Heuristic Function
- Analyzing the Partial COP-Net to Predict Preferences
- Results
- Conclusions
- References
- A Learning Method for Developing PROAFTN Classifiers and a Comparative Study with Decision Trees
- Introduction
- PROAFTN Method
- Initialization
- Computing the Fuzzy Indifference Relation
- Evaluation of the Membership Degree
- Assignment of an Object to the Class
- Proposed Techniques to Learn PROAFTN
- Application of the Developed Algorithms
- Discussion and Conclusions
- References
- Using a Heterogeneous Dataset for Emotion Analysis in Text
- Introduction
- Datasets
- Text Affect
- Neviarouskaya et al.'s Dataset
- Alm's Dataset
- Aman's Dataset
- Emotion Detection in Text
- Results and Discussion
- Cross-Validation
- Supplied Test Set
- Conclusion
- References
- Using Semantic Information to Answer Complex Questions
- Introduction
- Background and Proposed Framework
- Graph-Based Random Walk
- Our Approach
- Evaluation and Analysis
- Task Definition
- Automatic Evaluation
- Manual Evaluation
- Conclusion
- References
- Automatic Semantic Web Annotation of Named Entities
- Introduction
- Problem Description
- Entity Labeling versus Semantic Labeling
- Previous Semantic Labeling Propositions
- The Word Sense Disambiguation Problem
- Our Proposition: A Linked Data Interface
- The Linked Data Interface (LDI)
- Semantic Disambiguation Algorithm (SDA)
- Experiments
- Gold Standard Annotation Method
- Results
- Conclusions and Perspectives
- References
- Learning Dialogue POMDP Models from Data
- Introduction
- Capturing Dialogue POMDP Model for SACTI-1
- Experiments
- Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Characterizing a Brain-Based Value-Function Approximator
- Introduction
- Striatal Model
- Tests, Measures, and Variables
- Results
- Discussion
- Conclusions
- Future Work: Application to RL Tasks
- References
- Answer Set Programming for Stream Reasoning
- Introduction
- ASP-Based Stream Reasoning: A Conceptual Model
- Prototype Implementation and Experimentation
- Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- A Markov Decision Process Model for Strategic Decision Making in Sailboat Racing
- Introduction
- Previous Work
- Numerical Velocity Prediction Program (VPP)
- Markov Decision Process Model
- States
- Actions
- Transition Function
- Rewards
- Modelling the Effects of Landmass on the Wind
- Experimental Evaluation
- Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- Exploiting Conversational Features to Detect High-Quality Blog Comments
- Introduction and Background
- Automatic Comment Rating System
- The Slashdot Corpus
- Transformation into Sequences
- Features
- Training
- Experimental Results
- Classification
- Feature Analysis
- Re-merging Conversation Trees
- Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Consolidation Using Context-Sensitive Multiple Task Learning
- Introduction
- Background
- Inductive Transfer
- Limitations of MTL for Machine Lifelong Learning
- csMTL
- Machine Lifelong Learning with csMTL Networks
- Long-Term Retention of Learned Knowledge
- Experiments
- Task Domains and General Conventions
- Experiment 1: Impact of Varying Number of Virtual Examples for Prior Tasks
- Experiment 2: Impact of Transfer Type
- Experiment 3: Scalability
- Conclusion
- References
- Extracting Relations between Diseases, Treatments, and Tests from Clinical Data
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Data Set
- Method Description
- Data Representation
- Classification Technique
- Results
- Discussion and Conclusions
- References
- Compact Features for Sentiment Analysis
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Approach to Generating Compact Features
- Learning Word Scores
- Generating Features from Scored Words
- Selecting Parameters
- Experiments
- Small Amazon Reviews
- Very Large Datasets
- Movie Review Datasets
- Comparison with Feature Selection Methods
- Discussion
- Conclusions
- References
- Instance Selection in Semi-supervised Learning
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Self-training and Co-training Algorithms
- Variants of Self-training and Co-training Algorithms
- Instance Selection Based on the Original Labeled Data
- ISBOLD for Self-training
- ISBOLD for Co-training
- Experimental Results and Analysis
- Experimental Settings
- Results Analysis
- Learning Curves Analysis
- Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- Determining an Optimal Seismic Network Configuration Using Self-Organizing Maps
- Introduction
- Optimizing Seismic Network with SOM
- Discussion
- References
- Comparison of Learned versus Engineered Features for Classification of Mine Like Objects from Raw Sonar Images
- Introduction
- Synthetic Aperature Sonar Imagery
- Data Preparation
- Feature Extraction
- Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT)
- Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs)
- Convolutional Restricted Boltzmann Machines (cRBMs)
- Results
- Convolutional RBM
- SIFT
- Discussion
- Outlook
- References
- Learning Probability Distributions over Permutations by Means of Fourier Coefficients
- Introduction
- The Fourier Transform on the Symmetric Group
- Learning Probability Distributions over the Fourier Domain
- Experiments
- Experimental Setup
- Results
- Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- Correcting Different Types of Errors in Texts
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Proposed Method
- Similarity and Frequency Value Functions
- Determining Candidate Texts
- Sorting Candidate Texts
- Evaluation and Experimental Results
- Evaluation on WSJ Corpus
- Evaluation on JLE Corpus
- Conclusion
- References
- Simulating the Effect of Emotional Stress on Task Performance Using OCC
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Generic Model
- Case Study: Nurse-Patient Hospital System
- Experiments and Results
- Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Base Station Controlled Intelligent Clustering Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks
- Introduction
- System Design
- Simulation
- Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- Comparison of Semantic Similarity for Different Languages Using the Google n-gram Corpus and Second- Order Co-occurrence Measures
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Data
- Methodology
- Results
- Discussion
- Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- A Supervised Method of Feature Weighting for Measuring Semantic Relatedness
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Unsupervised Use of PMI for Measuring Semantic Relatedness
- SuperMatrix
- Applying Unsupervised PMI
- Supervised Learning of Context Weights
- Roget's Thesaurus
- Supervised Weighting
- Experiment Setup
- Experiment Results
- Ranking Words by Semicolon Group
- Ranking Words by Paragraph
- Possible New Word Senses
- Analysis and Conclusion
- Future Work
- References
- Anomaly-Based Network Intrusion Detection Using Outlier Subspace Analysis: A Case Study
- Introduction
- Anomaly Based Intrusion Detection on UNIX System Calls
- SPOT for Outlier Detection in High Dimensional Data Streams
- Methodology of SPOT
- SPOT Based Network Intrusion Detection System
- Experiment and Results
- Conclusion
- References
- Evaluation and Application of Scenario Based Design on Thunderbird
- Introduction
- Methodology and Experiments
- Results and Implications for New Design
- Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Improving Phenotype Name Recognition
- Introduction
- Phenotype Name Recognition
- Background
- Named Entity Recognition
- MetaMap
- Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO)
- Proposed Method
- Disorder Recognizer
- Evaluation
- Summary
- References
- Classifying Severely Imbalanced Data
- Introduction
- Classification with Severe Class Imbalance
- Measures against Class Imbalance
- Experiments and Results
- Conclusions
- References
- Simulating Cognitive Phenomena with a Symbolic Dynamical System
- Introduction
- Methodology
- Experiments and Results
- Stroop Task
- Wason Task
- Plan for Research
- References
- Finding Small Backdoors in SAT Instances
- Introduction
- Background
- Related Work
- Algorithms for Finding Backdoors
- Exact Algorithms: Exact and Strong
- Local Search Algorithms: Kilby, KilbyImp, and Tabu
- Experimental Evaluation
- Experiments on Finding Weak Backdoors
- Experiments on Finding Strong Backdoors
- Conclusion
- References
- Normal Distribution Re-Weighting for Personalized Web Search
- Introduction
- Normal Distribution Re-Weighting (NDRW)
- Automatic Algorithm for NDRW
- Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Granular State Space Search
- Introduction
- Abstraction Hierarchy
- A Granular Computing Model for Constructing Abstraction Hierarchies
- Conclusion
- References
- Comparing Humans and Automatic Speech Recognition Systems in Recognizing Dysarthric Speech
- Introduction
- Method
- Speakers
- Speech Stimuli
- Listeners
- Intelligibility Test Results
- ASR Experiments and Results
- Data Description
- Acoustic Features
- Speaker-Independent Baseline Models
- Acoustic and Lexical Model Adaptation
- Discussion of Results
- Concluding Remarks
- References
- A Context-Aware Reputation-Based Model of Trust for Open Multi-agent Environments
- Introduction
- Related Works
- Ontology of Context
- Reputation Component
- Trust Component
- Weight Matrix
- Relevancy Matrix
- Context Effect Factor
- Trust Dynamics
- Computational Model
- Simulation Setting
- Experimental Results and Analysis
- Low-Risk Environment
- High-Risk Environment
- Mid-Risk Environment
- Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Pazesh: A Graph-Based Approach to Increase Readability of Automatic Text Summaries
- Introduction
- Finding Centroid Sentences
- Addressing Readability
- Evaluation
- Conclusion
- References
- Textual and Graphical Presentation of Environmental Information
- Introduction
- State of the Art
- Problem Statement
- MétéoCode
- Graphic
- Summarize: Good Forecast and Location Precision
- Conclusion
- References
- Comparing Distributional and Mirror Translation Similarities for Extracting Synonyms
- Introduction
- Resources and Input
- Protocol
- Translation Mirrors
- Distributional Similarity
- Experiments and Results
- WordNet
- Moby
- Error Analysis
- Related Work
- Conclusion
- References
- Generic Solution Construction in Valuation-Based Systems
- Introduction
- Valuation Algebras and Local Computation
- The Inference Problem
- The Fusion Algorithm
- Solutions in Valuation Algebras
- Generic Solution Construction
- Instantiations
- Conclusion
- References
- Cross-Lingual Word Sense Disambiguation for Languages with Scarce Resources
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Cross-Lingual Approaches
- Related Work for Persian
- Introducing the Cross-Lingual Approach: Persian WSD Using Tagged English Words
- English Sense Disambiguation
- English to Persian Transfer
- Persian Sense Disambiguation
- Direct Approach: Applying Extended Lesk for Persian WSD
- WSD Using the Lesk Algorithm
- Extended Gloss Overlap
- Applying Extended Lesk to Persian WSD
- Evaluation
- Cross-Lingual Approach
- Direct Knowledge-Based Approach
- Comparison: Knowledge Based vs. Cross-Lingual
- Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- COSINE: A Vertical Group Difference Approach to Contrast Set Mining
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Problem Definition
- Background
- Data Format
- Search for Quantitative Contrast Sets
- Distribution Difference
- Our Proposed Approach
- Tests for Significance
- Comparison of Contrasting Groups
- Discretization
- Mining Maximal Group Differences
- Experimental Results
- Efficiency Evaluation
- Interestingness Evaluation
- Conclusion
- References
- Hybrid Reasoning for Ontology Classification
- Challenge for Ontology Classification
- Problem: Limitations of the DL Reasoning Procedures
- Proposed Solution: Hybrid Reasoning
- Challenge and Potential Impacts for This Proposal
- References
- Subspace Mapping of Noisy Text Documents
- Introduction
- Correlative Matrix Mapping (CMM)
- Experiments
- Data
- Assessing Subspace Mapping Performance
- Results
- Conclusions
- References
- Extending AdaBoost to Iteratively Vary Its Base Classifiers
- Introduction
- Algorithm Modification
- Results
- Conclusion
- References
- Parallelizing a Convergent Approximate Inference Method
- Introduction
- Convex Relaxation Method and Subproblem Construction
- Parallel and Distributed Inference
- Experiments and Results
- Discussion
- References
- Reducing Position-Sensitive Subset Ranking to Classification
- Introduction
- Subset Ranking Problem
- Notation
- Discounted Cumulative Gain (DCG)
- Ranking Formulations
- Reductions to Binary Classification
- Classification Formulations
- Ranking a Subset with Binary Classifiers
- Regret Analysis
- Consistency of Reduction Methods
- Regret Bounds
- Experiments
- Conclusion
- References
- Intelligent Software Development Environments: Integrating Natural Language Processing with the Eclipse Platform
- Introduction
- Software Engineering Background
- Design of the NLP/Eclipse Integration
- Requirements
- An Eclipse Plug-in for NLP
- Converting Source Code into an NLP Corpus
- Implementation
- Applications: NLP in Software Development
- Working with NLP Services in Eclipse
- Named Entity Recognition
- Quality Analysis of Source Code Comments
- Related Work
- Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- Partial Evaluation for Planning in Multiagent Expedition
- Introduction
- Background on Multiagent Expedition
- Partial Evaluation
- Single-Agent Expedition
- Single Step MAE by Centralized Planning
- Multi-step MAE by Centralized Planning
- Centralized Planning Experiment
- Partial Evaluation in Distributed Planning
- Collaborative Design Networks
- Distributed Per-plan Evaluation
- Aggregation of Local Evaluation
- Conclusion
- References
- Author Index
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