Aversive Conditioning and Learning
Published on 10. May 2014
638 pages
978-1-4832-6114-0 (ISBN)
Description
Aversive Conditioning and Learning covers the significant advances in establishing the phenomena, principles, and other aspects of aversive conditioning and learning. This book is organized into three sections encompassing nine chapters. The first section deals with operant and classical conditioning of responses of the autonomic nervous system and with behavioral measurement of conditioned fear. The next section discusses the mechanism of avoidance learning and a number of problem areas, including the effects of response selection on the ease of acquisition and the nature and slow time course of the processes that reinforce avoidance learning. Other problems explore are the influence on avoidance learning of prior experience with uncontrollable shock and with reliable and unreliable predictors of shock, an analysis of avoidance learning in terms of a Markov model of short- and long-term memory, and the nature of retention of conditioned fear and the possible hormonal mechanisms that control performance motivated by fear. The last section examines some of the unexpected effects of punishment, which usually produces suppression of behavior. This section emphasizes the effects of noncontingent aversive stimuli that may account for the suppressive effects of punishment and on the paradoxical facilitation of behavior that sometimes results from response-contingent shock. This book will prove useful to medical psychologists, psychiatrists, and workers in the related fields.
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Robert Brush
Aversive Conditioning and Learning
Book
01/1971
Academic Press
€89.13
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Content
¿List of ContributorsPrefaceAversive Conditioning 1. Autonomic Aversive Conditioning in Infrahuman Subjects I. Introduction II. Background III. Operant Autonomic Conditioning IV. Classical Conditioning of Autonomic Responses V. The Comparison of Classical and Operant Conditioning VI. Autonomic Changes during the Operant Conditioning of Skeletal Responses VII. Conclusion References 2. Behavioral Measurement of Conditioned Fear I. Introduction: The Conditioning, Measurement, and Definition of Fear II. Variables Influencing the Conditioning and the Measurement of Fear III. Extinction Phenomena IV. Similarity of Fear and Frustration V. Summary and Some Implications ReferencesAvoidance Learning 3. Species-Specific Defense Reactions I. Introduction II. Avoidance Studies III. Acquired Drive Studies IV. The CS-Termination Contingency V. What is Left? References 4. Relaxation Theory and Experiments I. The Theory in General II. Experiments III. Conditioned Relaxation IV. Summary of Experiments References 5. Mathematical Models for Aversive Conditioning I. Preliminary Considerations II. The Two-Operator Linear Model III. Discrete Performance Level Markov Model IV. General Markov Model V. Response Latency VI. Choice Reversal under Aversive Stimulation VII. Conclusions References 6. Unpredictable and Uncontrollable Aversive Events I. Definition of "Prediction" and of "Control" II. Uncontrollable Aversive Events III. Unpredictable Shocks IV. General Summary References 7. Retention of Aversively Motivated Behavior I. The Defining Experiment II. Requisite Antecedent Conditions III. Determinants of the Interval of Minimum Retention IV. The Problem of Stimulus Generalization V. Nonassociative Manipulations of the U-Shaped Retention Function VI. The Search for the Events that Mediate the U-Shaped Retention Function VII. Conclusion ReferencesProblems of Punishment 8. Some Effects of Noncontingent Aversive Stimulation I. Introduction II. Responses Elicited by Aversive Stimulation III. Effects of Aversive Stimulation on Ongoing Behavior IV. Noncontingent Aversive Stimulation and the Suppressive Effects of Punishment References 9. Suppression and Facilitation by Response Contingent Shock I. Introduction to the Study of Punishment II. Stimulus (Cue) Properties of Punishment III. Response Eliciting Properties of Punishment IV. The Nature of Punishment: Summary and Interpretation ReferencesAuthor IndexSubject Index
