
Modeling and Using Context
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The 26 full papers and 15 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 88 submissions. The papers feature research in a wide range of disciplines related to issues of context and contextual knowledge and discuss commonalities across and differences between the disciplines' approaches to the study of context. They are organized in the following topical sections: context in representation; context modeling of human activities; context in communication; context awareness; and various specific topics.
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Content
- Intro
- Preface
- Organization
- Invited Speakers
- Conversational Strategy
- Personal Context Modeling and Annotations
- Indexical Thought
- Contents
- Keynote-Related Papers
- Assertion De Re
- Abstract
- 1 Stalnaker on Referential Uses of Descriptions
- 2 Semantic Arguments Against Stalnaker's Propositionalism
- 3 Cognitive Arguments Against Stalnaker's Propositionalism
- 4 Frege's Puzzle and De Re Presuppositions
- 5 Conclusions: Context and Communication
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Pejoratives, Contexts and Presuppositions
- Abstract
- References
- Context in Representation
- From a Contextual Graph to a Tree Representation
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 On the Contextual Graph Formalism
- 2.1 The Practice Tree View
- 3 Building the Practice Tree View
- 3.1 Computing the Practice Tree View
- 3.2 Bushy Practice Trees
- 3.3 Validating the Computation of the Practice Tree View
- 3.4 Understanding Overly Bushy Practice Trees
- 4 Conclusions and Future Work
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Enriching a Situation Awareness Framework for IoT with Knowledge Base and Reasoning Components
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Ontology-Based Situation Awareness
- 2.1 Situation Models and Upper Ontologies
- 2.2 Requirements for Situation Models to Support Reasoning
- 3 Framework Based on Context Space Theory
- 4 Integration of the Ontological Knowledge Base into the Reasoning System
- 4.1 Mapping of Situation Representations in ST and CST
- 4.2 On Involved Individuals and Type Definitions
- 5 Incompleteness and Ambiguity in the Situation Model
- 6 IoT Interoperability and Context Adaptation
- 6.1 IoT Interoperability with O-MI/O-DF Integration
- 6.2 Adaptation of the Knowledge Base to Current Context in a Dynamic Environment
- 7 Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- When Do the Truth-Conditions of S Knows that p Change?
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Contextualism
- 2.1 The Strength of the Epistemic Position and the Epistemic Standard
- 3 Context Changes
- 3.1 The Rule of Accommodation and the Rule of Attention
- 3.2 The Veto Power
- 3.3 The Gap View and the Intentionalist View: Single vs. Multiple Scoreboard Semantics
- 4 Concluding Remarks
- References
- Derived Contexts: A New Argument for Their Usefulness
- Abstract
- 1 Binding Principles (B) and (C)
- 2 Some Counter-Examples
- 3 An Alternative Proposal
- 4 Relevant Contexts
- 4.1 New Problematic Examples
- 4.2 Derived Contexts
- 4.3 Binding Principles and Derived Contexts
- 4.4 'Saying Attributions'
- 4.5 Checking Our Examples
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Discovering Context to Prune Large and Complex Search Spaces
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Related Work
- 2 Context
- 3 The CueNet Framework
- 3.1 Event Model
- 3.2 Data Sources
- 3.3 Conditions for Discovery
- 3.4 Context Discovery Algorithm
- 4 Experiments
- 4.1 Setup
- 4.2 Conclusion
- 5 Summary
- References
- Context Modeling of Human Activities
- Reasoning in Epistemic Contexts
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Logic and Context
- 2.1 Contexts in AI
- 2.2 Epistemic Contexts
- 3 Natural Deduction Rules
- 3.1 Reiteration
- 3.2 K-Operator
- 3.3 Negation
- 3.4 Knowledge Transfer
- 4 Discussion
- 4.1 Transfer Rules
- 4.2 Introspection
- 4.3 Closure
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Contextual Modeling of Group Activity
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 From User Task Realization to Group Activity
- 2.1 Modeling of Task Realization
- 2.2 Modeling Group Activity
- 3 Extension of the CxG Formalism for Group-Activity Modeling
- 3.1 A Context-Based Model of Group Activity
- 3.2 Simulation Parameters
- 3.3 The Model of a Turn
- 3.4 A Model of Turn Mechanism for Interaction Simulation
- 4 Modeling Interaction
- 4.1 Brief Presentation of the TACTIC Project
- 4.2 Conceptual Modeling of Operator and Simulator Interaction
- 4.3 Implementation of the Interaction Model
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Accountability Breeds Response-Ability: Contextual Debiasing and Accountability in Argumentation
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The Shortcomings of Cognitive Debiasing
- 3 Two Types of Contextual Debiasing
- 4 Accountability Breeds Response-Ability
- 5 Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Human Activity Recognition Using Place-Based Decision Fusion in Smart Homes
- 1 Introduction
- 2 State of the Art
- 3 A Place-Based Approach to Activity Recognition
- 3.1 Places and Motivations for the Approach
- 3.2 Place-Based Activity Recognition
- 3.3 Decision Fusion
- 4 Experiments
- 4.1 The Opportunity Dataset
- 4.2 Experimental Protocol and Data Preprocessing Strategy
- 4.3 Results
- 4.4 Computing Times
- 5 Conclusion and Perspectives
- References
- Contextual Graphs for Modeling Group Interaction
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Work
- 3 The CxG and the Paper Submission Example
- 4 Modeling Interaction Through a Series of Turns
- 5 The Turns Mechanism and Simulation Parameters
- 6 Simulating Group Tasks in the CxG Software
- 7 Conclusions and Future Work
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Constraint-Based Context Model for Business Process Integration in a Higher Education Domain
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Works
- 3 Context Model Proposed
- 3.1 Contextual Considerations in Process Integration
- 3.2 Formalization of Contextual Situations
- 3.3 Change Propagation Module Proposed
- 4 Model Validation
- 4.1 Case Study Description
- 4.2 Logs Execution Processes
- 4.3 Context Reasoning
- 5 Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- The ContextAct@A4H Real-Life Dataset of Daily-Living Activities
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Amiqual4Home System Architecture and Experience Setup
- 2.1 Sensing Infrastructure at the Smart Home
- 2.2 Activity Annotation
- 2.3 ContextAct@A4H Dataset
- 3 Using the MCL Temporal Logic to Monitor Activities in Logs of Events
- 4 Experimental Evaluation
- 5 Related Work
- 5.1 Daily Living Activity Recognition in Real Life Scenarios
- 5.2 Datasets of Daily Living in Smart Homes
- 6 Conclusions and Research Perspectives
- References
- Smart Is a Matter of Context
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Smart Cities
- 3 Smart Cities Features
- 3.1 Natural Resources and Energy
- 3.2 Transport and Mobility
- 3.3 Buildings
- 3.4 Governance
- 3.5 Economy and People
- 3.6 Contextual Features
- 4 Challenges for Context Management in Smart Cities
- 4.1 Non-linearity
- 4.2 Openness
- 4.3 Large-Scale
- 4.4 Heterogeneity
- 4.5 Unpredictable Dynamics
- 4.6 Privacy
- 5 Multi-agent Systems and Smart Cities
- 5.1 The Multi-agent Paradigm
- 5.2 Multi-agent Properties Addressing Complexity
- 5.3 Multi-agents Usage in Smart Cities
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- On Conceivability and Existence in Linguistic Interpretation
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Implicatures and Entailment
- 3 Entailment with Empty Sets
- 4 Entailment with Inconceivable Entities
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Multi-purpose Adaptation in the Web of Things
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Smart Agriculture Scenario
- 3 Multi-purpose Adaptation in WoT Applications
- 3.1 Context Model Instantiation
- 3.2 Transformation Rules
- 3.3 Adaptation Rules
- 3.4 Adaptation Question Answering
- 4 Evaluation
- 4.1 Qualitative Evaluation
- 4.2 Quantitative Evaluation
- 5 Related Work
- 6 Discussion on WoT Application Design
- 7 Conclusion
- References
- Context and the Virtual Human
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Overview of Our Approach
- 2 Related Work
- 3 Context
- 3.1 Types of Contexts
- 3.2 Representing and Using Contextual Knowledge
- 4 Using Context to Drive Behavior
- 4.1 Focusing Attention
- 4.2 Predicting Inappropriate Behavior
- 4.3 Choosing a Course of Action
- 5 Other Applications
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- Context in Communication
- Is Flew's No True Scotsman Fallacy a True Fallacy? A Contextual Analysis
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Popper and Falsificationism
- 3 The Standard Analysis of the No-True-Scotsman Move - Outside of Contexts
- 4 Fallaciousness and Persuasive Definitions
- 4.1 In What Way is the NTSM a Persuasive Definition?
- 4.2 Context of Object 1: Does the Kind of Object of Redefinition Matter?
- 4.3 Contexts of Object 2: What Counts as an Object of a Particular Kind and Who is to Say What It Is?
- 5 Conclusion and Final Remarks
- References
- Occasion-Sensitive Semantics
- 1 Introducing Occasion-Sensitivity
- 1.1 Motivation: Travis Cases
- 1.2 What Travis Cases are Taken to Show
- 1.3 Non-indexical Contextualism
- 2 The Role of Standing Meaning
- 3 Occasions and Goals
- 3.1 Communication Goals Understood Narrowly and Broadly
- 3.2 Goal-Conduciveness of a World
- 4 A Model
- 4.1 Language
- 4.2 Semantics
- 5 Examples
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Contextualism and Echolalia
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Recognizing Communicative Intentions
- 3 Echolalia as a Context-Sensitive Phenomenon
- 4 Recognizing the Presence of Communicative Intentions in Echolalic Episodes in ASD
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Cooperating Context Method: A Contextual Approach to Story Generation and Telling
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Background
- 3 Cooperating Context Method (CCM)
- 3.1 Justification for a New Contextual Approach
- 3.2 Contents of a Context
- 4 Cooperating Context Method Process
- 4.1 Planning Out a Story
- 4.2 Ability to Create a Narrative
- 4.3 Modifying the Current Story to Incorporate a Listener's Request
- 5 Summary and Discussion
- References
- Three Versions of Semantic Minimalism
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The Range Problem
- 2.1 The Weak Answer
- 2.2 The Strong Answer
- 2.3 The Radical Answer
- 2.4 Controversy on Non-propositionalism and Semantic Incompleteness
- 3 The Intention Problem
- 3.1 The Radical Answer
- 3.2 The Strong Answer
- 3.3 The Weak Answer
- 3.4 Real Divergence on Speaker Intentions
- 4 Concluding Remarks
- Acknowledgement
- References
- Security Policy Model for Ubiquitous Social Systems
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Work
- 3 Background
- 4 Motivation
- 5 Context-Aware Activity Control Model
- 5.1 Policy Abstractions
- 5.2 Policy Rules
- 6 Evaluation
- 7 Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- The Role of the Ostensive Communicative Context in the Childhood Social Learning
- Abstract
- 1 Premises to the Natural Pedagogy
- 2 Cultural Transmission to Human Infants
- 3 Mindreading and Natural Pedagogy
- 3.1 Mindreading's Marker
- 3.2 Universality Without Natural Pedagogy
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Towards Contextualizing Community Detection in Dynamic Social Networks
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Communities and Contexts in Dynamic Social Networks
- 3 Graph-Based Models for Community Detection in Social Networks
- 4 Graph-Based Model for Contextualized Community Detection in Dynamic Social Networks
- 4.1 Temporal Multiplex Information Graph-Based Model Description
- 4.2 Contextualized Community Detection Algorithm
- 5 Experimentation: Research Laboratory Case Study
- 6 Conclusion and Further Research
- References
- Influence of Lexical Markers on the Production of Contextual Factors Inducing Irony
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Material and Method
- 2.1 Production Task
- 2.2 Target Utterances Validation
- 3 Results
- 4 Discussion
- References
- Context and Natural Language in Formal Concept Analysis
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Formal Concept Analysis -- Concepts and Context
- 2.1 Concept Ordering and Similarity
- 3 Natural Language Narratives
- 3.1 Predicates and Parsers
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Context Awareness
- Context-Aware User Interfaces for Intelligent Emergency Applications
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction and State-of-the-Art
- 1.1 The Importance of Emergency Notifications
- 1.2 State-of-the-Art in Emergency Notification Systems
- 1.3 Current University Notification Systems
- 2 Context-Aware Emergency Application (CEA)
- 2.1 The CEA Method
- 2.2 The CEA Process
- 3 Experimental Evaluation of CEA
- 3.1 Experimental Study #1: CEA vs. Existing Apps and Services
- 3.2 Experimental Study #2: The CEA Live Study
- 4 Conclusions and Future Work
- References
- Unified Modeling of Quality of Context and Quality of Situation for Context-Aware Applications in the Internet of Things
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Works
- 3 Integrating QoC in the Process of Situation Identification
- 3.1 QoCIM: A Meta-Model for Managing Quality of Context
- 3.2 muSIC: Detecting Situations of Interest
- 3.3 Contribution
- References
- Requirements Elicitation and Complex Systems Modeling: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Emergency Situations
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Research Problem
- 1.2 Research Context
- 2 Methodologies Summary
- 2.1 Contextual Design
- 2.2 Cognitive Work Analysis (CWA)
- 2.3 Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM)
- 3 Expected Results
- 4 Discussion
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Modeling Situations in an Intelligent Connected Furniture Environment
- 1 Introduction
- 2 State of the Art
- 3 Representation of a Furnitures Community
- 3.1 Presentation
- 3.2 Representation
- 4 Representation of the Situations in Furniture Community
- 4.1 Presentation
- 4.2 Representation
- 5 Situations Discovery in Furniture Units Community
- 5.1 Situation Recognition
- 5.2 Realization Situations
- 5.3 Application
- 6 Conclusion and Perspectives
- References
- Context-Aware Big Data Analytics and Visualization for City-Wide Traffic Accidents
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Works
- 2.1 Accident Occurrences Analysis
- 2.2 Traffic Big Data Analytics and Visualization
- 3 Heterogeneous Datasets and Observations
- 3.1 Datasets and Preprocessing
- 3.2 Observations
- 4 Context-Aware Methodology
- 5 Case Studies and Results
- 5.1 Crash Types Analysis on Weather
- 5.2 Crash-Type Analysis on Driver Characteristics
- 6 Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Context Aware Data Synchronisation During Emergencies
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Work
- 3 Context Model
- 4 A Context Aware P2P Data Synchronisation Framework
- 4.1 Sync Manager
- 4.2 Conflict Resolution Manager
- 5 Implementation and Experiments
- 6 Conclusion and Future Work
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Is `Context-Aware Reasoning = Case-Based Reasoning'?
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Concept of Context Awareness (C-AR)
- 2.1 Context Modelling
- 2.2 Context Reasoning
- 3 Concept of Case-Based Reasoning (CBR)
- 4 CBR and C-AR in IE Development
- 5 CBR and C-AR Distinctions and Dynamic Relationship
- 6 Case Study
- 6.1 Uses of Context-Awareness in POSEIDON
- 6.2 Possible Uses of Case Based Reasoning
- 7 Discussion
- 8 Conclusion
- References
- Quality on Context Engineering
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Context Management Roadmap
- 3 The Quality Concern
- 4 Conclusion
- References
- Supporting Context-Aware Engineering Based on Stream Reasoning
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Motivation
- 3 Related Work
- 4 Modelling Notation
- 4.1 Context Source
- 4.2 Inference Rule
- 4.3 Context State
- 4.4 Relationships
- 4.5 Scenario Context Model
- 5 Rule Generation
- 5.1 Handling Functions
- 5.2 Aggregate Contexts
- 5.3 Mobile Context Reasoner
- 6 Validation
- 6.1 CoMo Tool
- 6.2 Android Middleware
- 6.3 Project Validation
- 7 Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Can an Affect-Sensitive System Afford to Be Context Independent?
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Modified Brunswick Model
- 3 Research Questions
- 4 Appraisal Theories of Emotion
- 5 Approach
- 5.1 Speech Material
- 5.2 Contextual Knowledge
- 5.3 Data Collection
- 6 Results
- 7 Discussion and Future Work
- References
- Specific Topics: Context in Management
- The Role of Context Within the Interactions of Knowledge Intensive Processes
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 KIP
- 3 Context Within KiP
- 3.1 Interactions and Speech Acts
- 3.2 The Context of an Interaction
- 3.3 Definitions and Ontology Representation
- 4 Example Scenario
- 4.1 Participant Mindset: Beliefs and Externalized Beliefs
- 4.2 Conversations and Speech Acts
- 4.3 Common Ground and Shared Belief
- 5 Discussions and Future Directions
- References
- Contextual Support for Emergency Management Training: Challenges for Simulation and Serious Games
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Background
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Introducing SSGs
- 4.1 Experiences from Educators in Sweden
- 4.2 International Experiences
- 4.3 Experiences with Technologies
- 4.4 SSG Training for Longer Term
- 5 Obstacles and Challenges of Use
- 5.1 Believes About Instructor Roles and Computer Games
- 5.2 Enabling Tools Means Enabling Contextual Understanding
- 6 Early Lessons and Future Work
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Improving Defect Tracking Using Shared Context
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 A Case Study
- 3 Related Work
- 4 Contextual-Graphs for Defect Tracking
- 4.1 Brief Description of Contextual Graphs
- 4.2 Contextual Graph Representing Collaborative Defect Tracking
- 4.2.1 Actors Viewpoints in the Context of Defect Tracking
- 4.2.2 Shared Context
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Specific Topics: Context in Learning
- Elaborating the Context Calculator: A Design Experiment in Geothermy
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Theoretical Framework
- 2.1 Context and Education
- 2.2 Context Effects
- 2.3 Design Based Research (DBR)
- 2.4 The Mazcalc: A Context Calculator
- 2.5 Geothermal Context
- 3 Materials and Methods
- 3.1 The Mazcalc
- 3.2 Design Experiment in Geothermy
- 4 Results
- 4.1 The Mazcalc
- 4.2 The Pedagogical Project
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Contextualising Contrastive Discourse Relations: Evidence from Single-Authored and Co-constructed Texts
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Contrast and Corrective Elaboration
- 2.1 Data and Method
- 2.2 Results
- 3 Discussion
- 3.1 Contrast
- 3.2 Corrective Elaboration
- 4 Conclusion
- Appendix
- References
- The DBR Methodology for the Study of Context in Learning
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 What Is Design-Based Research?
- 3 The Inception of the TEEC Project
- 4 The Instructional Design for the CLASH Model
- 5 Imagining the MazCalc Software and the ITS Architecture
- 6 Three Design Experiments
- 6.1 The First Experiment in Biology: Gounouj
- 6.2 The Second Experiment in Environmental Science: Dlo
- 6.3 The Third Experiment in Geothermy
- 7 Data Collection and Trace Analysis
- 8 Overview of the DBR Iterations Throughout the TEEC Project
- 9 Current Status and Future Work
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Specific Topics: Quality Awareness in Modeling and Using Context in Applications-QAMUCA
- A Context Aware Framework for Mobile Crowd-Sensing
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Works
- 3 A Context Aware Framework for Mobile Crowd Sensing
- 4 Context Model
- 4.1 Participant Context Model
- 4.2 Task Context
- 4.3 Location Context
- 5 Context-Aware Task Allocation
- 6 Implementation
- 6.1 Server-Side Implementation
- 6.2 Client-Side Implementation
- 7 Evaluation
- 8 Conclusion
- References
- Quality Parameters as Modeling Language Abstractions for Context-Aware Applications: An AAL Case Study
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Quality Parameters
- 3 Case Study
- 4 Modeling the Scenario Context
- 4.1 Context Model
- 4.2 Application Model
- 4.3 Context Situations
- 5 Generating Code
- 6 Validation
- 7 Conclusion and Future Work
- References
- Focus on the User: A User Relative Coordinate System for Activity Detection
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Related Work
- 3 Methodology
- 4 Experiment
- 4.1 Device Orientation
- 4.2 Cardinal Directions
- 4.3 Data Processing
- 5 Results
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Specific Topics: Context in the Explanation and Evaluation of Human Reasoning
- Contextual Reasoning in Human Cognition and the Implications for Artificial Intelligence Systems
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Context in Human Cognition
- 2.1 Context and Language
- 3 Context and Memory
- 4 Reasoning with and About Context
- 5 Development of Human Contextual Reasoning Capability
- 6 Implementations of Contextual Reasoning in AI Systems
- 7 Conclusion
- References
- Investigating the Causal Link Between Context Triggers and Context: An Adaptive Approach
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Approach and Optimal Type of Trigger
- 2.1 Adaptive Assumptions
- 2.2 Optimal Type of Trigger
- 3 Rationale for the Above Construal of the Triggering Process
- 3.1 Why Privilege Triggers that Contribute to the Discourse Level as Points of Departure?
- 3.1.1 Discourse Dynamism
- 3.1.2 In What Way Do Constraints of the Above Kind Make the Triggers Under Consideration More Amenable to Investigation?
- 4 From Trigger to Context
- References
- Putting Context Dependent Human Logical Reasoning into the Right Context
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The Abstraction Error in Logic
- 2.1 The Abstraction Error in the Conditional Statement
- 3 Unreliable Literature
- 4 Experimentum Crucis
- 5 The Problem of Undenoted Context
- 6 A Final Example of Unsystematic Literature
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Specific Topics: Context in Linguistics and Philosophy
- Immediate and General Common Ground
- 1 Common Ground and the Semantics-Pragmatics Interface
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Distinguishing Between ICG and GCG
- 2 Theory at Work: Loose Use and Metaphors
- 2.1 Lexicalized Metaphors
- 2.2 Loose Use
- 3 Linguistic Evidence for the Distinction
- 3.1 Lakhota Definite Articles
- 3.2 Focus-Related Ergative Case Marking
- 4 Conclusions
- References
- Gender Roles in Russian Prohibitive Constructions: A Corpus Study
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Study Design, Material and Method
- 2.1 The List of Social Roles
- 2.2 Prohibitive in Russian
- 2.3 The Source Corpus, Search Queries and Results
- 2.4 Meaningful Elements of the Prohibitive Construction, Analysis Scheme
- 3 Ad Hoc Categorization Within Social Roles
- 4 The Repertoire of Semantic Roles and Ambiguity
- 5 Frequency Lists of Verbs
- 6 Topics: Inventory of Indexes, Annotation Scheme and Results of Analysis
- 7 Conclusions and Further Research
- Acknowledgements
- References
- A Contextualist Analysis of Insults
- 1 The Initial Picture
- 2 Rhetorical Adaptations
- 3 The Autonomy of Rhetoric
- 4 The Rhetorical Function of Insults
- 5 Testing Semantic Identity
- 6 Property Ascription
- 7 Expressivism
- 8 Outline of the New Proposal
- 9 The Case of Slurs
- 10 Review
- References
- Specific Topics: Context in Psychology and Bias
- Context and Interference Effects in the Combinations of Natural Concepts
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The Combination Problem
- 3 An Operational-Realistic Foundation
- 4 Essentials of Quantum Mathematics
- 5 Effects of Interference and Context
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- A Computational Logic Approach to the Belief Bias in Human Syllogistic Reasoning
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The Belief-Bias Effect
- 3 Weak Completion Semantics
- 3.1 Logic Programs
- 3.2 Three-Valued Lukasiewicz Logic
- 3.3 Reasoning with Respect to Least Models
- 3.4 Integrity Constraints
- 3.5 Abduction
- 4 Six Principles on Quantified Statements
- 4.1 Licenses for Inferences (lice)
- 4.2 Negation by Transformation (trans)
- 4.3 Existential Import and Gricean Implicature (import)
- 4.4 Unknown Generalization (unkGen)
- 4.5 No Derivation Through Double Negation (dNeg)
- 4.6 Search for Alternative Models (searchAlt)
- 5 Representation of Quantified Statements as Programs
- 5.1 All y are z (Ayz)
- 5.2 No y is z (Eyz)
- 5.3 Some y are z (Iyz)
- 5.4 Some y are Not z (Oyz)
- 5.5 Entailment of the Quantified Statements
- 6 Modeling the Belief-Bias Effect
- 6.1 No Belief-Bias Effect
- 6.2 Belief-Bias Effect in Representation Stage
- 6.3 Belief-Bias Effect in Reasoning Stage
- 6.4 Belief-Bias Effect in Representation and Reasoning Stage
- 7 Conclusion
- References
- Schizophrenic Conversations and Context Shifting
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Breaks in Pathological Conversations
- 2.1 Interpretation and Charity
- 2.2 Locating Failures
- 2.3 Formalizing Empirical Data
- 3 Three Levels of Context
- 3.1 Discursive Context (Narrow)
- 3.2 Doxastic Context (Intermediate)
- 3.3 Material and Social Context (Large)
- 4 Schizophrenia and Context Management
- 4.1 A Fourth Level: The Pragmatic Context (Intermediate)
- 4.2 From Fiction to Schizophrenia
- 5 Conclusion
- References
- Author Index
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