The Biochemistry of Development
International Series of Monographs on Pure and Applied Biology
Published on 17. May 2014
332 pages
978-1-4831-3593-9 (ISBN)
Description
The Biochemistry of Development focuses on advances in chemical embryology. The book first discusses gametogenesis, including the processes of oogenesis and spermatogenesis. The text describes fertilization and related aspects, such as physical, morphological, and metabolic changes during fertilization. The selection also underscores the process of cleavage. Concerns include morphology and cytochemistry of dividing eggs; importance of nucleic acids and proteins; formation of the furrow; and biochemistry of cleavage. The text also looks at the chemical embryology of invertebrate eggs. Examinations are done on the eggs of worms, mollusks, sea urchins, and ascidians. The book also evaluates the chemical embryology of vertebrate eggs. RNA and protein metabolism of intact eggs; chemical nature of inducing substances; and physical properties of inducing agents are underscored. The text also offers information on the biochemistry of differentiation and the biochemical interactions between the nucleus and the cytoplasm during morphogenesis. The selection is highly recommended for readers wanting to study chemical embryology.
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Content
ContentsForewordChapter I. Gametogenesis A. Introductory Remarks B. Oogenesis 1. General Metabolism 2. The Role of Follicle Cells in Yolk Formation 3. The Cytoplasm of The Growing Oocyte 4 . The Nucleus of the Oocyte (Germinal Vesicle) C. Spermatogenesis 1. The Acrosome 2 . The Nucleus 3 . The Middle Piece 4 . The Tail 5 . The Metabolism of Spermatozoa Chapter II. Fertilization 1. Morphological Changes At Fertilization (a) The Acrosome Reaction (b) Morphology of Cortical Changes During The Fertilization of Sea Urchin Eggs 2. Physical Changes At Fertilization 3. The Sperm-Egg Interacting Substances (Gamones)(a) Fertilizin (b) Antifertilizin From Eggs (c) Antifertilizin From Sperm (d) Lysine From Sperm (e) Recent Immunological Studies On Fertilization 4. Metabolic Changes At Fertilization (a) Energy Production (b) Carbohydrate Metabolism (c) Lipid Metabolism (d) Protein Metabolism (e) Nucleic Acid Metabolism 5. Conclusions Chapter III. Cleavage1. Morphology and Cytochemistry of the Dividing Egg (a) Chromosomes (b) The Achromatic Apparatus (Spindle and Asters) (c) Ultra-Structural Changes During Cleavage (d) Short Description of Frequent Mitotic Abnormalities During Egg Cleavage 2. Biochemistry of Cleavage {a) Energy Requirements (b) DNA Synthesis During Cleavage (c) Links Between DNA Synthesis and Energy Production 3. The Importance of Nucleic Acids and Proteins in Cleavage (a) DNA 102(b) RNA 102(c) -SH-Containing Compounds 4. The Formation of the Furrow During Cleavage Chapter IV. Chemical Embryology of Invertebrate Eggs 1. Ctenophores 2. Worms 3. Molluscs (a) Limnaea Eggs (b) Mytilus Eggs (c) Ilyanassa and Dentalium Eggs 4. Ascidian Eggs 5. Sea Urchin Eggs (a) Experimental Embryology and Ultra-Structure (b) Chemical Embryology Chapter V. Chemical Embryology of Vertebrate Eggs 1. Energy Production in Vertebrate Eggs (a) Effects of Anaerobiosis and Metabolic Inhibitors On Development (b Oxygen Consumption (c) Local Differences in Oxygen Consumption (d) Qualitative Metabolic Changes During Development: Respiratory Quotient and Carbohydrate Metabolism (e) Experiments On the Incorporation of 14CO2(f) ATP Production and Utilization (g) Distribution of Mitochondria 2. The Chemical Nature of the Inducing Substance 3. RNA and Protein Metabolism of Intact Eggs(a) RNA and Protein Synthesis in the Whole Amphibian Embryo (b) Gradients in RNA and Protein Distribution and Synthesis (c) RNA Distribution in The Embryos of Vertebrates Other Than Amphibians (d) Experimental Modifications of RNA Synthesis and Morphogenesis : Effects On RNA Gradients in Amphibian Eggs 4 . Other Important Biochemical Factors in Morphogenesis 5. Physical Properties of The Inducing Agent 6. Conclusions Chapter vi. Biochemical Interactions between the Nucleus and the Cytoplasm During Morphogenesis 1. A Brief Summary of Theories On Nucleo-Cytoplasmic Interactions During Morphogenesis 2. Nuclear Transfer Experiments 3. Development and Metabolism in the Complete Absence of the Nucleus 4. Haploidy-Polyspermy-Polyploidy 5. Early Lethal Genes 6. Biochemical Studies On Lethal Hybrids Chapter VII. The Biochemistry of Differentiation 1. Archencephalic and Spinocaudal Inductions 2. Synthesis of New Proteins During Differentiation (a) Serological Experiments (b) Biochemical (Non-Enzymatic) Studies On Differentiation (c) Biological (Grafting) Experiments (d) Enzymatic Studies Author Index Subject Index
