Tailor-Made and Functionalized Biopolymer Systems

List of contributors xv 1 Introduction to tailor-made biopolymers in drug delivery applications Yasir Faraz Abbasi, Parthasarathi Panda, Sanjay Arora, Buddhadev Layek and Hriday Bera 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Biopolymers from plant and animal kingdom 1.2.1 Polysaccharides 1.2.2 Polypeptides 1.2.3 Polynucleotides 1.3 Chemical modifications of biopolymers 1.3.1 Modification approaches of polysaccharides 1.3.2 Modification approaches of polypeptides 1.4 Tailor-made biopolymers as pharmaceutical excipients 1.5 Conclusion References Section 1 Modified biopolymers 2 Thiolated biopolymers in drug delivery and biomedical applications Custodiana A. Colmenarez Lobo, Mirta L. Fascio and Norma B. D'Accorso 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Thiolated biopolymers in drug delivery applications 2.3 Thiolated biopolymers in biomedical applications 2.3.1 Medicinal applications 2.3.2 Diagnosis 2.3.3 Regenerative medicine 2.4 Conclusion and future perspectives Acknowledgments References 3 Smart biopolymers for controlled drug delivery applications Sanjay Arora, Riddhi Trivedi, Richard N.L. Lamptey, Bivek Chaulagain, Buddhadev Layek and Jagdish Singh 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Different types of smart biopolymers 3.2.1 Thermosensitive smart polymers 3.2.2 pH-sensitive smart polymers 3.2.3 Light-sensitive smart polymers 3.2.4 Phase-sensitive smart polymers 3.2.5 Bioresponsive smart polymers 3.3 Conclusion References 4 Alginate-based systems for protein and peptide delivery Paramita Paul, Gouranga Nandi, Mohammed A. Abosheasha and Hriday Bera 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Alginate: sources, physicochemical and biological properties 4.2.1 Sources of alginates 4.2.2 Physicochemical properties 4.2.3 Biological properties 4.3 Modifications of alginate for protein and peptide delivery 4.3.1 Covalent chemical modifications 4.3.2 Polyelectrolyte complexes 4.4 Alginate-based systems for protein and peptide delivery 4.4.1 Model protein delivery 4.4.2 Insulin delivery 4.4.3 Angiogenic factor delivery 4.4.4 Chemokine delivery 4.4.5 Bone morphogenetic protein delivery 4.5 Conclusion References 5 Chitosan-based polyelectrolyte complexes in biomedical applications Buddhadev Layek, Surajit Das and Shubhajit Paul 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Polyelectrolyte complexes 5.2.1 Mechanism of polyelectrolyte complexes formation 5.2.2 Preparation of PECs and factors influencing the formation and stability of PECs 5.3 Applications of chitosan-based polyelectrolyte complexes 5.3.1 Drug delivery 5.3.2 Gene delivery 5.3.3 Tissue engineering 5.4 Conclusion References 6 Tailor-made cyclodextrin-based nanomaterials as drug carriers Kazi Ali, Pradyot Roy, Arindam Maity and Pranabesh Chakraborty 6.1 Introduction 6.1.1 History 6.1.2 Source of cyclodextrins 6.1.3 Types and structure of cyclodextrins 6.1.4 Properties of cyclodextrins 6.1.5 Inclusion complex formation 6.2 Modification of cyclodextrins 6.2.1 Principle and chemistry of cyclodextrin modification 6.2.2 Characterization of modified cyclodextrins 6.3 Cyclodextrin-based nanomaterials 6.3.1 Preparation of nanomaterials from cyclodextrins and applications 6.3.2 Different cyclodextrin-based nanomaterials 6.4 Pharmaceutical and biomedical applications of tailor-made CD-based nanomaterials 6.5 Conclusion and future prospects References Further reading Section 2 Biopolymeric conjugates/composites 7 Biopolymer_metal oxide composites in biomedical applications Yasir Faraz Abbasi and Hriday Bera 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Applications of biopolymer_metal oxide composites 7.2.1 Drug delivery 7.2.2 Anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities 7.2.3 Wound healing and tissue engineering 7.2.4 Biosensors, bioimaging, and diagnostics 7.3 Conclusion References 8 Biopolymer_drug conjugates as biomaterials Haifei Guo, Yasir Faraz Abbasi, Hriday Bera and Mingshi Yang 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Biopolymer_drug conjugates 8.2.1 Polysaccharide-drug conjugates 8.2.2 Polypeptide_drug conjugates 8.