List of abbreviations

 

3TC Lamivudine AAFB acid- and alcohol-fast bacilli Ab antibody ABC abacavir ACE angiotensin-converting enzyme ACPR adequate clinical and parasitological response ACR adequate clinical response ACT artemisinin combination therapy ADLA acute dermatolymphangioadenitis AFB acid-fast bacilli AFL acute filarial lymphangitis Ag antigen AgB antigen B AHI acute HIV infection AIDP acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy AIDS acquired immune deficiency syndrome ALA amoebic liver abscess ALB albendazole AMAN acute motor axonal neuropathy AmB amphotericin B APOC African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control AQ Amodiaquine ARB angiotensin receptor blocker ARC AIDS-related complex ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome ARI annual risk of infection ART antiretroviral therapy ARV antiretroviral drug AST aspartate transaminase ATB antibiotic AVPU Alert, responds to Voice, to Pain, or Unresponsive AZT zidovudine BB borderline leprosy BCG bacille Calmette–Guérin b.d. twice daily BI bacterial index BL borderline lepromatous leprosy BMI body mass index BP blood pressure b.p.m. beats per minute BT borderline tuberculoid leprosy cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate cART combination antiretroviral therapy CATT card agglutination test for trypanosomes CBT cognitive behaviour therapy CCA circulating cathodic antigen CCHF Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever CD4 CD4 positive T lymphocyte (formerly T-helper cell) CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (USA). ComDT Community directed treatment with ivermectin CFT complement fixation test CHE complex humanitarian emergency CHK chikungunya virus CIATT card indirect agglutination test for trypanosomes CL cutaneous leishmaniasis CM cryptococcal meningitis CMI cell-mediated immunity CMR crude mortality rate CMV cytomegalovirus CNS central nervous system COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CQ chloroquine CRP C-reactive protein CSF cerebrospinal fluid CT computerized tomography CTC community based therapeutic care CTF Colorado tick fever CVP central venous pressure CXR chest x-ray DALY disability adjusted life year DART Development of Anti-Retroviral Therapy DAT direct agglutination test d4T stavudine DCL diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis ddI didanosine DD5 double diffusion test for arc 5 DEN dengue virus DDS 4,4-diaminodiphenylsulphone DDT dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane DEC diethylcarbamazine citrate DF dengue fever DHF dengue haemorrhagic fever DHFR dihydrofolate reductase DHPS dihydropteroate synthetase DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation DKA diabetic ketoacidosis DOT directly observed therapy DOTS directly observed short course therapy DSS dengue shock syndrome DTH delayed-type hypersensitivity DTM&H diploma in tropical medicine and hygiene DTP diptheria, tetanus and pertussis EBV Epstein–Barr virus ECG electrocardiogram EEE eastern equine encephalitis EEG electroencephalography EFV efavirenz EHEC enterohaemorrhagic EIA enzyme immunoassay EITB enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot ELISA enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay EMF endomyocardial fibrosis ENL erythema nodosum leprosum EPI extended programme of immunization ERCP endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate ETF early treatment failure EFV Efavirenz FAR fever–arthralgia–rash FAST fast agglutination-screening test FBC full blood count FCPD fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes FES fasciola excretory–secretory FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 second FGM female genital mutilation FGT formol gel test FTC emtricitabine FUO fever of unknown origin FVC forced vital capacity G6PD glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase GABA γ-aminobutyric acid GAELF Global Alliance for the Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis GAVI Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization GBS Guillain-Barré syndrome GCS Glasgow coma score GDP gross domestic product GPELF Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis GSK GlaxoSmithKline GTT glucose tolerance test HAV hepatitis A virus HbA adult haemoglobin HbF foetal haemoglobin HbS sickle haemoglobin HBeAg hepatitis B ‘e’ antigen HBIg hepatitis B immunoglobulin HBsAg hepatitis B...