Advances in Visual Computing

Name: Advances in Visual Computing | 7th International Symposium, ISVC 2011, Las Vegas, NV, USA, September 26-28, 2011. Proceedings, Part I
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7th International Symposium, ISVC 2011, Las Vegas, NV, USA, September 26-28, 2011. Proceedings, Part I

George Bebis Richard Boyle Bahram Parvin Darko Koracin Song Wang Kim Kyungnam Bedrich Benes Kenneth Moreland Christoph Borst Stephen DiVerdi Chiang Yi-Jen Jiang Ming(Editor)

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Published on 24. September 2011

XL, 783 pages

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978-3-642-24028-7 (ISBN)

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Content

Intro
Title
Preface
Organization
Table of Contents
ST: Computational Bioimaging
EM+TV Based Reconstruction for Cone-Beam CT with Reduced Radiation
Introduction
The Proposed Method (EM+TV)
Convergence Analysis of the Proposed Algorithm
GPU Implementation
Experimental Results
Conclusion
References
A Localization Framework under Non-rigid Deformation for Robotic Surgery
Introduction
Related Work
A Localization Framework
Image-Patient Registration
Non-rigid Mapping Model
Experiments and Evaluation
Coordinate Acquisition
Coordinate Accuracy
Registration Accuracy
Operation Accuracy
System Accuracy
Conclusion
References
Global Image Registration by Fast Random Projection
Introduction
Random Projection
Efficient Random Projection
Numerical Examples
Conclusions
References
EM-Type Algorithms for Image Reconstruction with Background Emission and Poisson Noise
Introduction
Expectation Maximization (EM)
EM-Type Algorithms for Image Reconstruction
EM-Type Algorithms with Bregman Iteration
Numerical Experiments
Conclusion
References
Region-Based Segmentation of Parasites for High throughputScreening
Introduction
Problem Characteristics and Challenges
Review of Recent Research
Proposed Method
Active Mask Overview
Region-Based Distributing Function
Region-Based Distributing Function Adaptation
Morphological Analysis and Processing
Results and Comparison
Conclusion
References
Computer Graphics I
Adaptive Coded Aperture Photography
Introduction and Motivation
Related Work and Contribution
Proof-of-Concept Prototype
Adaptive Coded Aperture Computation
Bokeh Transformation
Intensity Masks
Limitations and Outlook
References
Display Pixel Caching
Introduction and Motivation
Related Work
Fast Image Warping
Motion Analysis and Segmentation
Motion Accumulation and Warping
Consistent Cache Handling
Cache Initialization
Cache Clearance and Shot Detection
Results and Limitations
Performance
User Evaluation
Limitations
Summary
References
Image Relighting by Analogy
Introduction
Related Work
Framework Overview
Preliminaries
Similarity Matching
Synthesis
Poisson Reconstruction
Experiments
Synthetic Images
Real Images
Computational Efficiency
Conclusion and Future Work
References
Generating EPI Representations of 4D Light Fields with a Single Lens Focused Plenoptic Camera
Introduction
The Focused Plenoptic Camera
Generating EPI Representations from Plenoptic Raw Data
Rendering Images from Raw Camera Data
Variation of the Image Plane
Variation of the View Point
Full Depth of Field
Experiments
Merging Views from Different Lens Types
Results
References
MethMorph: Simulating Facial Deformation Due to Methamphatamine Usage
Introduction
Facial Feature Detection
Related Work in Facial Feature Detection
Face Detection
Robust Chin Line Detection
Eye and Eyebrow Detection
Lip Detection
Nose and Nostril Detection
Facial Deformation
Lesion Simulation
Results
Conclusions
References
Motion and Tracking I
Segmentation-Free, Area-Based Articulated Object Tracking
Introduction
Related Work
Matching Object Templates
Color Divergence-Based Similarity Measure
Fast Color Distribution Estimation
Coarse-to-Fine and Hierarchical Object Detection
Results
Conclusions
References
An Attempt to Segment Foreground in Dynamic Scenes
Introduction
Related Work
Our Method
Segmentation via Graph Cuts
Tracking via Mean Shift
Experiments
Conclusion
References
From Saliency to Eye Gaze: Embodied Visual Selection for a Pan-Tilt-Based Robotic Head
Introduction
Motion-Based Saliency Model
From Saliency Map to Gaze Prediction
Experiments
Conclusion
References
Adaptive Two-Step Adjustable Partial Distortion Search Algorithm for Motion Estimation
Introduction
Adjustable Partial Distortion Search Algorithm
Partial Distortion Search Algorithm
Adjustable Partial Distortion Search
Proposed Algorithm
Early Termination
Search Range Adjustment
Experimental Results
Conclusion
References
Feature Trajectory Retrieval with Application to Accurate Structure and Motion Recovery
Introduction
Structure and Motion Recovery
Increased Localization Accuracy for SIFT
Feature Trajectory Retrieval
Trajectory Memory
Outlier Elimination
Experimental Results
Conclusion
References
Distortion Compensation for Movement Detection Based on Dense Optical Flow
Introduction
Optical Flow
Distortion Compensation for Dense Optical Flow
Feature-Based Lens Distortion and Multiple View
Modification of Fitzgibbon's Algorithm for Area-Based Correspondence Search
Point Sampling
Optimizing the Pre-estimated Radial Distortion Parameter
Movement Detection Based on Dense Optical Flow
Results and Discussion
Evaluation with Ground Truth Datasets
Real-World Scenes
Conclusion
References
Segmentation
Free Boundary Conditions Active Contours with Applications for Vision
Introduction
Related Work
Mathematical Foundations
The Variational Problem for C(s)=(x(s),y(s))
Implementation for a Typical Visual OAC
Properties of the Dynamics
Applications for Vision
Boundary Detection
Feature Tracking
Seam Carving
Summary
References
Evolving Content-Driven Superpixels for Accurate Image Representation
Introduction
Growing Superpixels
Growth
Division
Control
Method of Analysis
Accuracy
Efficiency
Stability
Results
Accuracy
Efficiency
Stability
Conclusions
References
A Parametric Active Polygon for Leaf Segmentation and Shape Estimation
Introduction
Related Work
Plant Recognition and Segmentation
Active Contour Models
A Polygonal Model for Simple Tree Leaves
Describing Botanic Leaf Shapes
The Parametric Polygonal Leaf Template
Parametric Active Polygon
Elementary Deformations
Representing the Color
Energy Functional
Evolution Constraints
Shape Classification
Learning Leaf Shapes
k-Means Classification
Experiments and Results
Experimental Procedure
Performance Measure
Comparison with Standard Active Contours
Conclusions
References
Avoiding Mesh Folding in 3D Optimal Surface Segmentation
Introduction
Related Prior Work
Optimal Surface Segmentation
Gradient Vector Flow
Method
Evaluation and Results
Discussion
Conclusion
References
High Level Video Temporal Segmentation
Introduction
Shot Boundary Detection
Related Work
Graph Partition Model
Scale Space Filtering
Two Pass Approach
Keyframe Extraction
Scene Segmentation
Related Work
The Proposed Scene Segmentation Algorithm
Experimental Results
Conclusion and Perspective
References
Embedding Gestalt Laws on Conditional Random Field for Image Segmentation
Introduction
A High Order Conditional Random Field for Image Segmentation
Unary Potential
Pairwise Potential
High Order Potential
Feature Set Description
Learning the High Order CRF Potentials
Learning the Likelihood Ratio
Learning the Segment Global Classifier
Inference by the Swendsen-Wang Cut Algorithm
Experimental Results
Conclusion
References
Higher Order Markov Networks for Model Estimation
Introduction
Markov Network Formulation
Proposed Clique Function
Motivation for a New Clique Function
MRF Inference
Special Case: Linear gc()
General Case: Nonlinear gc()
Experiments and Results
Model Estimation
Object Localization
Conclusion
References
Visualization I
Interactive Object Graphs for Debuggers with Improved Visualization, Inspection and Configuration Features
Introduction
Related Work
Task Details
Design Approach
Interactive Visualizer
Adjustable Lens View
Content Tooltips and Text Search
Bookmarking and Path Highlighting
Summary and Conclusions
References
GPU-Based Ray Casting of Stacked Out-of-Core Height Fields
Introduction
Related Work
Out-of-Core Data Virtualization
System Architecture
Level-of-Detail Feedback Generation
Height-Field Virtualization
Ray Casting Stacked Height Fields
Results
Conclusions and Future Work
References
Multi-View Stereo Point Clouds Visualization
Introduction
Related Work
Our Method
Nearest Neighbors
Adaptive-Size Elliptical Surfels
Multi-View Texture Mapping
Point Splatting
Experiments
Conclusions
References
Depth Map Enhancement Using Adaptive Steering Kernel Regression Based on Distance Transform
Introduction
Steering Kernel Regression
Inspection of Steering Kernel of "Noisy" and "Noiseless" Image
Adaptive Steering Kernel Based on Joint Distance Transform
Joint Distance Transform
Adaptively-Weighted Steering Kernel
Experimental Results
Synthetic Data
Real Data
Conclusion
References
Indented Pixel Tree Browser for Exploring Huge Hierarchies
Introduction
Related Work
Indented Pixel Tree Browser
Indented Pixel Tree Plot
Selection of Subregions
Interactive Features
Case Study
NCBI Taxonomy
Conclusion and Future Work
References
ST: 3D Mapping, Modeling and Surface Reconstruction I
Towards Realtime Handheld MonoSLAM in Dynamic Environments
Introduction
Our Approach
SLAM
EKF Tracker
Moving Point Detection
Experimental Results and Discussion
Conclusion and Future Work
References
Registration of 3D Geometric Model and Color Images Using SIFT and Range Intensity Images
Introduction
Outline of the Registration Method
Formulation of the 3D-2D Registration
Constraint for Extrinsic Parameters
Constraint for Intrinsic Parameters and Distortion of the Camera Lens
Image Modification for Reducing False Matches
Combined Range Intensity Image with a Background Image of a Color Image
Correction of Range Intensity Image
Soft Matching
Scale Information from SIFT
Matching Reliability from the Bhattacharyya Distance
Experimental Results
Experiment of System and Initial Values
Making a 3D Geometric Model with Range Intensity Images
Registration Result
Conclusions
References
Denoising Time-Of-Flight Data with Adaptive Total Variation
Introduction
Data Acquisition and Transformation
Denoising Method
Weighting of the Data Term
Edge Detection
Regularizer f(u)
Experiments
Conclusion and Outlook
References
Efficient City-Sized 3D Reconstruction from Ultra-High Resolution Aerial and Ground Video Imagery
Introduction
Our Approach
3D Reconstruction from Video Imagery
3D Reconstruction Merge
Results
Reconstruction from Aerial Video Imagery
Geo-location of Aerial Reconstruction
Reconstruction and Geo-location of Ground Video Imagery
Geo-Registration of Aerial-Ground Reconstruction after 3D Merge
Conclusion and Future Work
References
Non-Parametric Sequential Frame Decimation for Scene Reconstruction in Low-Memory Streaming Environments
Introduction
Previous Work
Frame Decimation
Sequential Frame Decimation
Camera Pose and Structure Degeneracy Detection
Correspondence Goodness
Frame Decimation Metric
Results
Conclusion
References
Biomedical Imaging
Ground Truth Estimation by Maximizing Topological Agreements in Electron Microscopy Data
Introduction
Evaluation Metric: Warping Error
Ground Truth Estimation by Minimizing Warping Error
Problem Definition
Proposed Topological Correction Algorithm
Topological Change Cost
Experimental Results
Synthetic Images
EM Data Set
Conclusion
References
Segmentation and Cell Tracking of Breast Cancer Cells
Introduction
Tissue Culture
Microscopy
Background Removal
Initial Segmentation
Simultaneous Segmentation and Cell Tracking
Conclusions
References
Registration for 3D Morphological Comparison of Brain Aneurysm Growth
Introduction
Methods
Image Segmentation and Mesh Generation
Volumetric Registration
Validations Using Phantom Models
Registration of Clinical Aneurysm Images and Examinations of the Growth
Conclusion
References
An Interactive Editing Framework for Electron Microscopy Image Segmentation
Introduction
Editing through Multiple Choice
Cues for Confidence Map Generation
Cue Combination
Generation of Segmentation Alternatives
Interactive Editing through Graph Cuts
Editing Energy Function
User Input and Presegmentation Constraints
Image Data Constraint
Results
Conclusions and Future Work
References
Retinal Vessel Extraction Using First-Order Derivative of Gaussian and Morphological Processing
Introduction
Proposed Methodology
Differential Filtering
Morphological Processing
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
References
Computer Graphics II
High-Quality Shadows with Improved Paraboloid Mapping
Introduction
Previous Work
High-Quality Shadows from Point Light Sources
Improved Paraboloid Shadow Maps
Determining Optimal Coverage
Paraboloid Cutting and Rotation
Implementation
Experimental Results and Discussion
Conclusion
References
Terramechanics Based Terrain Deformation for Real-Time Off-Road Vehicle Simulation
Introduction
Related Work
Dynamic Terrain Deformation
A Terramechanics Model for Terrain Compression
Calculating Terrain Deformation
Lateral Displacement
Implementation and Experiment
Conclusion and Future Work
References
An Approach to Point Based Approximate Color Bleeding with Volumes
Introduction
Background
Related Work
Algorithm
Sampling the Scene
Gathering Light
Adding Scatter-Out
Adding Scatter-In
Results
Data Comparison
Conclusion
Future Work
References
3D Reconstruction of Buildings with Automatic Facade Refinement
Introduction
Pre-processing
Matching
Clustering
Coarse Model
Creating the Rectified Texture
Facade Reconstruction
Facade Segmentation
Refining the Model
Results
Conclusion
References
Surface Reconstruction of Maltese Cisterns Using ROV Sonar Data for Archeological Study
Introduction
Related Work
Methodology and Algorithms
Data Acquisition
Occupancy Grid Construction
Isosurface Extraction
Texturing and Visualization
Results and Future Work
References
ST: Interactive Visualization in Novel and Heterogeneous Display Environments
Supporting Display Scalability by Redundant Mapping
Introduction
Related Work
Two-Step Mapping
Primary Mapping
Secondary Mapping
Example: Adapting Scatter Plot Displays to Different Output Devices
User Study
Setup
Results
Conclusion and Future Work
References
A New 3D Imaging System Using a Portable Two-Camera Omni-Imaging Device for Construction and Browsing of Human-Reachable Environments
Introduction
System Configuration and Processes
Generations of Images of Various Views by Space Mapping
Stitching of Upper and Lower Panoramic Images
Experimental Results
Conclusions
References
Physical Navigation to Support Graph Exploration on a Large High-Resolution Display
Introduction
Related Work
Graph Exploration
Interactive Visualization on Large Displays
Exploring Graphs on a Large High-Resolution Display
Data
Visualization
Interaction
Prototype and Preliminary User Feedback
Technical Details
User Feedback
Summary and Future Work
References
An Extensible Interactive 3D Visualization Framework for N-Dimensional Datasets Used in Heterogeneous Software Display Environments
Introduction
Related Work
Design and Implementation of the Proposed Framework
System Design Requirements
XML Framework for Deployment to Heterogeneous Software Display Environments
System Evaluation and Validation
Conclusion
References
Improving Collaborative Visualization of Structural Biology
Introduction
Related Work
Molecular Visualization
Co-located Collaboration
Bimanual Interaction in 3D Interfaces
Task Analysis
Methods
Key Tasks
Shortcomings of Existing Practice
Functional Requirements
Design
Design Process
Input Methods
Display Type
View and Selection Bookmarking
Floor Control
Implementation Details
Viewpoint Control and Viewpoint Selection
Pointing and Selection
User Study
Methods
Results
Analysis of Results
References
Involve Me and I Will Understand!-Abstract Data Visualization in Immersive Environments
Introduction
Work Related to Immersive Abstract Data Visualization
Main Requirements for Abstract Data Visualization
Benefits of Immersive Environments for Abstract Data Visualization
Realistic Three-Dimensional Representation
Intuitive Means for Interaction
Visualization of Large Data Volumes
Drawbacks
Novel Strategies for Immersive Visualization of Abstract Data
The Concept
Immersive Scatter Plot (iSP)
Immersive Parallel Coordinates (iPC)
Conclusion and Future Work
References
Object Detection and Recognition I
Automated Fish Taxonomy Using Evolution-COnstructed Features
Introduction
ECO Features
What Is an ECO Feature?
Constructing ECO Features
Training AdaBoost
Using the AdaBoost Model
Results
Fish Dataset
ECO Feature Visualization
Cross Validation
Conclusion
References
A Monocular Human Detection System Based on EOH and Oriented LBP Features
Introduction
Previous Work
Features and Classifiers
Feature Pool
Classifier
Detection Validation
Experimental Results
Dataset and Implementation
Oriented LBP parameters
Performance of Different Features with Real AdaBoost Algorithm
Comparison of SVM and AdaBoost Classifier
Detection Results with EOH-Oriented LBP Feature
Conclusions
References
Using the Shadow as a Single Feature for Real-Time Monocular Vehicle Pose Determination
Introduction
Shadows as Dark Regions
Vehicle Detection
Region Segmentation
Pose Determination
Evaluation Setup
Results
Conclusion
References
Multi-class Object Layout with Unsupervised Image Classification and Object Localization
Introduction
Problem Setup
Shape and Appearance Representations
Conditional Random Field Model
Unary Energy Term
Pairwise Energy Term
Final Object Layout
Experiments
Conclusions
References
Efficient Detection of Consecutive Facial Expression Apices Using Biologically Based Log-Normal Filters
Introduction
Key Affective States Detection Based on Log-Normal Filtering
Automatic Segmentation of Consecutive Emotional Segments
Apices Detection
Simulation Results
Conclusion
References
DTTM: A Discriminative Temporal Topic Model for Facial Expression Recognition
Introduction
Face Tracking and Feature Extraction
Facial Feature Extraction and Quantization
The Discriminative Temporal Topic Model
LDA
Modeling Temporal Information
Increasing Discriminative Ability
Applying to Facial Expression Recognition
Experiments
Dataset
Parameter Settings
An Intuitive Example and Analysis of Topics
Comparison of Recognition Results
Conclusions
References
Visualization II
Direct Spherical Parameterization of 3D Triangular Meshes Using Local Flattening Operations
Introduction
Related Work
Curvature-Driven Spherical Parameterization
Preprocessing Steps
Gaussian Curvature-Driven Spherical Mapping
Experimental Results
Conclusions and Perspectives
References
Segmentation and Visualization of Multivariate Features Using Feature-Local Distributions
Introduction
Related Work
Methods and Implementation
Results and Discussion
Result Comparison
Conclusion
References
Magic Marker: A Color Analytics Interface for Image Annotation
Introduction
Related Work
Our Approach
Overview
Implementation Details
Results
Conclusion
References
BiCluster Viewer: A Visualization Tool for Analyzing Gene Expression Data
Introduction
Related Work
Bicluster Viewer
Heatmap Visualization
Parallel-Coordinate Plots
Interactive Features
Case Study
Pilot Study
Study Design
Tasks
Study Results
Conclusion and Future Work
References
Visualizing Translation Variation: Shakespeare's Othello
Introduction
Related Work
Background Data Description
Text Preprocessing
Structure-Aware Treemap
Focus+Context Parallel Coordinates
Domain Expert Reviews
Conclusion
References
ST: 3D Mapping, Modeling and Surface Reconstruction II
3D Object Modeling with Graphics Hardware Acceleration and Unsupervised Neural Networks
Introduction
Modeling Using Self-Organizing Architectures
Self-Organizing Maps (SOM)
Neural Gas Networks (NGN)
Comparison between SOM and NGN
Graphics Hardware Acceleration
Comparison between GPU and CPU Implementations
Using SOM as Seed for NGN
Conclusions
References
Event-Based Stereo Matching Approaches for Frameless Address Event Stereo Data
Introduction
Related Work
Silicon Retina Stereo Sensor
Silicon Retina Stereo Matching
Framework
Data Representation
Area-Based Approach
Event-Image-Based Approach
Time-Based Approach
Experimental Results
Conclusion and Future Work
References
A Variational Model for the Restoration of MR Images Corrupted by Blur and Rician Noise
Introduction
Rudin-Osher-Fatemi Model (ROF) as a MAP Estimate
ROF with Rician Noise
Bessel Functions
Proposed Restoration Model and Implementation
L2 Gradient Descent Implementation
Sobolev Gradient Descent Implementation
Split Bregman Implementation
Numerical Examples
Conclusions
References
Robust Classification of Curvilinear and Surface-Like Structures in 3d Point Cloud Data
Introduction
Previous Work
Data Classification Using Markov Networks
Problem Description
Associative Markov Networks
Geometry Driven Associative Markov Networks
Relative Directional Associative Markov Networks (RDAMN)
Adequate Feature Combination
Logarithmic Barrier
Experimental Results
Conclusion
References
Orthographic Stereo Correlator on the Terrain Model for Apollo Metric Images
Introduction
Ames Stereo Pipeline
Bundle Adjustment
Stereo Correlation
Orthographic Stereo Correlation
Experimental Results
Conclusion
References
Motion and Tracking II
Collaborative Track Analysis, Data Cleansing, and Labeling
Introduction
Related Work
Track Consistency Criterion and Iconics Selection
Background
Detection of Inconsistent Instances in Data Collections
Iconic Images and Track Consistency
Initial and Terminal Appearance of a Track
Shotgun Pipeline
Track Segmentation
Consolidating Trajectories
Applications and Experiments
References
Time to Collision and Collision Risk Estimation from Local Scale and Motion
Introduction
TTC Estimation Using Feature Points
Experimental Results
Experimental Setup
TTC Estimation Results
Conclusions
References
Visual Tracking Based on Log-Euclidean Riemannian Sparse Representation
Introduction
Log-Euclidean Riemannian Sparse Representation
Covariance Descriptor
Riemannian Geometry for Covariance Matrix
Target Representation
Target Inference through 1 Minimization
Combination with the Particle Filter Framework
Experiments
Conclusion
References
Panoramic Background Generation and Abnormal Behavior Detection in PTZ Camera Networks
Introduction
Panoramic Background Generation and Abnormal Behavior Detection in PTZ Camera Networks
Overview
Panoramic Background Generation Using Temporal and Spatial Context of Frames
Abnormal Behavior Detection
Experimental Result
Conclusions
References
Computing Range Flow from Multi-modal Kinect Data
Introduction
A Brief Introduction to the Kinect Imaging Hardware
Limitations of Kinect Data
Kinect Calibration and Data Alignment
Camera Calibration
Data Alignment
Range Flow
Robust Flow Estimation
Algorithm Summary
Evaluation
Results
Conclusions
References
Real-Time Object Tracking on iPhone
Introduction
Kernel-Based Object Tracking
Target Model
Target Localization
Adapting to Target Changes
Updating Target Size
Updating Target Model
Adaptive Frame Resizing
Complete iPhone Object Tracking Algorithm
iPhone Object Tracking Experimental Results
Conclusion
References
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Advances in Visual Computing

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