
Basic Mechanisms of Cellular Secretion
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Content
- Front Cover
- Methods in Cell Biology, Volume 23
- Copyright Page
- Contents
- List of Contributors
- Preface
- Chapter 1. Introduction
- Text
- References
- Part I: Protein Synthesis and Posttranslational Modifications
- Chapter 2. Synthesis and Assembly of Transmembrane Viral and Cellular Glycoproteins
- I. Introduction
- II. Transmembrane Biosynthesis of the VSV G Protein
- III. Interaction of Glycoprotein mRNA and Microsomal Membranes
- IV. Biogenesis of Two Sindbis Virus Glycoproteins
- V. Interaction of Nascent Sindbis Glycoprotein and the Endoplasmic Reticulum
- VI. Movement of Transmembrane Viral Glycoproteins from the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum to the Plasma Membrane
- VII. Processing of the Asparagine-Linked Oligosaccharide Chains of VSV
- VIII. Mutants in G Defective in Maturation
- References
- Chapter 3. The Genetics of Protein Secretion in Escherichia coli
- I. Introduction
- II. Genetics of Protein Secretion
- III. Gene Fusions in the Study of Secretion
- IV. Deleterious Effects of Hybrid Protein Synthesis on Bacterial Growth
- V. Isolation of MBP and ?rec Signal Sequence Mutants
- VI. Amino Acid Changes in Signal Sequence Mutants
- VII. Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 4. Import of Proteins into Mitochondria
- I. Introduction
- II. F1-Subunits Are Made as Larger Precursors
- III. Cytochrome bc1-Subunits and Cytochrome c Peroxidase Are Made as Larger Precursors
- IV. Import of These Cytoplasmically Synthesized Proteins into Mitochondria
- V. Concluding Remarks on Transport
- VI. Energy Dependence of Processing and Transport
- References
- Chapter 5. Biosynthesis of Pre-proparathyroid Hormone
- I. Introduction
- II. Materials and Methods
- III. Results
- IV. Discussion
- References
- Chapter 6. Biosynthesis of Insulin und Glucagon
- I. Introduction
- II. Insulin Biosynthesis
- III. Glucagon Biosynthesis
- References
- Chapter 7. Synthesis and Processing of Asparagine-Linked Oligosaccharides of Glycoproteins
- I. Introduction
- II. Oligosaccharide-Lipid
- III. Protein Glycosylation
- IV. Glycoprotein Processing
- References
- Chapter 8. Glycosylation Steps Involved in Processing of Pro-Corticotropin-Endorphin in Mouse Pituitary Tumor Cells
- I. Introduction
- II. Approaches Used to Study Proteolytic Processing and Glycosylation of the Precursor in Mouse Pituitary Tumor Cells
- III. Intermediate and End Products of Processing of Pro-ACTH-Endorphin
- IV. Details of Glycosylation Steps Involved in Processing of Pro-ACTH-Endorphin
- V. Use of the Glycosylation Inhibitor, Tunicamycin, to Determine If Cleavage Sites Are Specified by Oligosaccharides
- VI. Structure of the ACTH-Endorphin Peptides from Tunicamycin-Treated Cells
- References
- Chapter 9. Posttranslational Events in Collagen Biosynthesis
- I. Introduction
- II. Genetic Types of Collagen
- III. Posttranslational Modifications
- IV. Role of Posttranslational Modifications in the Secretory Process
- V. Disorders of Collagen Secretion
- References
- Part II: Transport and Packaging in the Golgi Region
- Chapter 10. The Golgi Apparatus: Protein Transport and Packaging in Secretory Cells
- I. Introduction
- II. Transport from the Endoplasmic Reticulum to the Golgi Apparatus
- III. Transport through the Golgi Apparatus
- IV. Secretory Granule Formation
- V. Maturation of Secretory Granules
- VI. Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 11. Three-Dimensional Structure of the Golgi Apparatus
- I. Introduction
- II. Architecture of the Golgi Apparatus in Neurons
- III. The Golgi Apparatus of Sertoli Cells
- IV. The Golgi Apparatus of Spermatids
- V. Summary and Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 12. Steps in the Elaboration of Collagen by Odontoblasts and Osteoblasts
- I. Introduction
- II. Methods
- III. Results and Discussion
- IV. General Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 13. Role of the 6-Phosphomannosyl-Enzyme Receptor in Intracellular Transport and Adsorptive Pinocytosis of Lysosomal Enzymes
- I. Introduction
- II. Evidence for Mannose 6-Phosphate in the "Common Recognition Marker" for Uptake of Lysosomal Enzymes
- III. Direct Evidence for Mannose 6-Phosphate on High-Uptake Lysosomal Enzymes
- IV. Are Other Structural Features Involved in Enzyme Recognition?
- V. Alternatives to the Secretion-Recapture Hypothesis for Enzyme Transport
- VI . The Intracellular Pathway for Receptor-Mediated Segregation of Lysosomal Enzymes
- VII. Evidence That Cell-Surface Receptors Must Recycle
- VIII. Chloroquine and Other Amines Impair Receptor Reutilization
- IX. Mannose 6-Phosphate May Affect Processing of Oligosaccharide Chains on Lysosomal Hydrolases
- X. Generality of the Receptor-Mediated Pathway for 6-Phosphomannosyl Enzymes
- XI. The Relationship of the Phosphomannosyl Recognition Marker to the "Secretory Pathway" and the "Signal Hypothesis"
- XII. Alternative Routes for Acid Hydrolases in Mammalian Cells
- XIII. Summary Statement and Model for Receptor-Mediated Transport of Lysosomal Enzymes
- References
- Part III: Translocation of Secretory Granules
- Chapter 14. Actin Filaments and Secretion: The Macrophage Model
- I. Introduction
- II. Evidence for Participation of Actin Microfilaments in Secretion
- III. Microfilament Rearrangement and Secretion in Macrophages
- References
- Chapter 15. The Effect of Colchicine on the Synthesis and Secretion of Rat Serum Albumin
- I. Introduction
- II. Plasma Protein (Albumin) Secretion by Liver Slices
- III. In Vivo Effects of Colchicine on Secretion
- IV. Hepatocyte Morphology
- V. Effect of Colchicine on Protein Synthesis
- VI. Discussion
- References
- Chapter 16. Effects of Antimitotic Agents on Ultrastructure and Intracellular Transport of Protein in Pancreatic Acini
- I. Introduction
- II. Methods
- III. Results
- IV. Discussion
- References
- Chapter 17. The Role of Microtubules and Microfilaments in Lysosomal Enzyme Release from Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes
- I. Introduction
- II. Morphology of Secretion
- III. Morphometry of Microtubule Assembly in Vivo
- IV. The Role of Calcium
- V. Summary
- References
- Part IV: Exocytosis
- Chapter 18. Exocytosis-Endocytosis as Seen with Morphological Probes of Membrane Organization
- I. Introduction
- II. Exocytosis-Thin Sections
- III. Exocytosis-Freeze-Fracture
- IV. Endocytosis
- V. Summary and Conclusions
- VI. Addendum
- References
- Chapter 19. Comparison of Compound with Plasmalemmal Exocytosis in Limulus Amebocytes
- I. Introduction
- II. Methods
- III. Results
- IV. Discussion
- References
- Chapter 20. Role of Ions and Intracellular Proteins in Exocytosis
- I. Introduction
- II. Synexin and Calcium Action
- III. Chemistry of Chemiosmotic Lysis of Isolated Chromaffin Granules
- IV. Exocytosis from Chromaffin and Other Cells
- V. Conclusion
- References
- Note Added in Proof
- Chapter 21. Studies of Isolated Secretion Granules of the Rabbit Parotid Gland. Ion-Induced Changes in Membrane Integrity
- I. Introduction
- II. Calcium-Specific Lysis of Secretion Granules
- III. Phospholipase A2 Activity Associated with Granules
- IV. Activation of Endogenous Phospholipid Hydrolysis
- References
- Chapter 22. Analysis of the Secretory Process in the Exocrine Pancreas by Two-Dimensional Isoelectric Focusing/Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Gel Electrophoresis
- I. Introduction
- II. Secretory Product
- III. Secretory Pathway
- IV. Posttranslational Processing and Identification of Gene-Specific Products
- V. Messenger RNA-Directed Protein Synthesis: Effect of Carbamylcholine Stimulation
- VI. Discharge of Exocrine Pancreatic Proteins: Parallel vs Nonparallel
- References
- Chapter 23. Inhibition of Enzyme Secretion and Autophagy of Secretory Granules Caused by Action of High Concentration of Secretory Hormones on Rat Pancreatic Slices
- I. Introduction
- II. Does the Inhibition of Enzyme Secretion Induced by High Concentration of Secretagogues Occur at the Receptor Level?
- III. Ultrastructural Changes in Pancreatic Slices Incubated in the Presence of High Concentrations of Secretagogues
- IV. Secretagogue-Induced Lysosomal Activation and Production of a Myocardial Depressant Factor in Rat Pancreatic Slices
- V. Autophagy of Secretory Granules by the Lysosomal System Induced by Supraoptimal Concentration of Secretagogues
- VI. Summary
- References
- Part V: Membrane Dynamics
- Chapter 24. Membrane Circulation: An Overview
- I. Introduction
- II. Membrane Routes and Cycles
- III. Some Unresolved Issues
- IV. Final Comments
- References
- Chapter 25. Membrane Recycling in Secretory Cells: Implications for Traffic of Products and Specialized Membranes within the Golgi Complex
- I. Introduction
- II. General Background
- III. Studies on Exocrine Cells of the Parotid and Lacrimal Glands Using Dextrans
- IV. Studies on Anterior Pituitary Cells Using Anionic and Cationic Ferritins
- V. Pathways Followed by Surface Membrane in Plasma Cells and Myeloma Cells
- VI. General Conclusions and Implications of Findings
- VII. Summary and Conclusions
- References
- Note Added in Proof
- Chapter 26. Membrane Retrieval in Exocrine Acinar Cells
- I. Introduction
- II. Membrane Retrieval at the Apical Cell Surface
- III. Membrane Retrieval at the Lateral and Basal Cell Surfaces
- IV. Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 27. Membrane Synthesis and Turnover in Secretory Cell Systems
- I. Introduction
- II. Studies on the Biogenesis and Turnover of NADH-Cytochrome b5 Reductase
- III. Conclusions
- References
- Part VI: Activation of the Secretory Response
- Chapter 28. The "Secretory Code" of the Neutrophil
- I. Introduction
- II. Methods
- III. Results and Discussion
- IV. Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 29. Aspects of the Calcium Hypothesis of Stimulus-Secretion Coupling: Electrical Activity in Adenohypophyseal Cells, and Membrane Retrieval after Exocytosis
- I. The Calcium Hypothesis of Stimulus-Secretion Coupling
- II. Calcium as a Secretagogue
- III. Different Sources of Calcium Ions: Influx, Mobilization and Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channels
- IV. Electrical Events in Endocrine Cells
- V. Calcium, Compound Exocytosis, and the Exocytosis-Vesiculation Sequence: Possible Involvement of Calcium in Membrane Retrieval
- References
- Chapter 30. Relationship between Receptors, Calcium Channels, and Responses in Exocrine Gland Cells
- I. Introduction
- II. Receptors, Calcium, and K Efflux
- III. Receptor Stoichiometry
- IV. Phospholipids and Calcium Gates
- V. Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 31. Membrane Potential and Conductance Changes Evoked by Hormones and Neurotransmitters in Mammalian Exocrine Gland Cells
- I. Introduction
- II. Methods
- III. The Resting Membrane Potential
- IV. Cell-to-Cell Coupling
- V. The Resting Specific Membrane Conductance and Capacitance
- VI. Effects of Stimulation
- VII. Role of Secretagogue-Evoked Membrane Permeability Changes in Secretion
- References
- Note Added in Proof
- Chapter 32. Development of Stimulus-Secretion Coupling in Salivary Glands
- I. Introduction
- II. Methods
- III. Results
- IV. Discussion
- References
- Part VII: Conclusions
- Chapter 33. Summary and Perspectives
- I. Introduction
- II. Synthesis and Segregation of Secretory Proteins (Steps 1 and 2)
- III. Intracellular Transport of Proteins from the RER to Other Way Stations (Step 3)
- IV. Concentration of Secretory Products and Temporary Storage (Steps 4 and 5)
- V. Exocytosis and Subsequent Events (Step 6)
- References
- Index
- CONTENTS OF RECENT VOLUMES
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