Challenges and Innovations in Geomechanics

Name: Challenges and Innovations in Geomechanics | Proceedings of the 16th International Conference of IACMAG - Volume 3
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Proceedings of the 16th International Conference of IACMAG - Volume 3

Marco Barla Alice Di Donna Donatella Sterpi Alessandra Insana(Editor)

Springer (Publisher)

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Published on 30. July 2022

XVIII, 603 pages

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Content

Intro
Preface
Organisation
IACMAG Board Officers
Local Organising Committee
Executive Board
Members
International Scientific Committee
Contents
Methods and Tools - Laboratory Testing, Field Testing and Monitoring
Evaluating the Potentiality of X-ray Tomography on the Quality Assessment of Grouted Soils
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
Evaluation of Strain Recovery and Stress Sensitivity of Asphalt Binders Containing Warm-Mix Asphalt Additive and Anti-stripping Agent
1 Introduction
2 Materials
3 Experimental Methods
3.1 Dynamic Shear Rheometer Test
3.2 Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery Test
4 Results and Discussions
4.1 Dynamic Shear Rheometer Test
4.2 Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery Test
4.3 MSCR Grading of Binder Blends
4.4 Stress Sensitivity of Binder Blends
5 Conclusions
References
Particle Segmentation of 3D Silt Images from X-ray µ-CT for Fabric Analysis
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Material Tested and Specimen Preparation
2.2 Non-destructive X-ray Micro CT Imaging Equipment
3 Image Analysis for Particle Segmentation
4 Initial Results and Observations
5 Conclusions
References
Monitoring of Dry Granular Flows in Unsteady State Down an Inclined Chute
1 Introduction
2 Discrete Element Model
2.1 Grain Size and Shape Reconstruction
2.2 Calibration of DEM Parameters
3 Granular Flow Simulations
4 Results
4.1 Monitoring Plate
4.2 Monitoring Volume
5 Conclusions
References
Methods and Tools - Probabilistic Site Characterization and Data Analytics
Identification of Soil Strata from In-Situ Test Data Using Machine Learning
1 Introduction
2 Cone Penetration Test
3 Data
4 Machine Learning Methodology
5 Research Outcomes
6 Benchmark Test
7 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Water Retention Curves of Clayey Soils by Artificial Neural Networks with Uneven Datasets
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Dataset
2.2 Neural Network Model Development
2.3 Evaluation Criteria
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Methods and Tools - Constitutive Modelling
3D Finite Element Application of Elastoplastic Constitutive Model for Intact Rock
1 Introduction
2 Framework of Elasto-Plastic Model
3 Implementation in Finite Element Method
4 Comparison of FEM with Test Data
5 Conclusions
References
A Semi-micromechanical Framework for Anisotropic Sands
1 Introduction
2 Multilaminate Framework
3 Constitutive Formulations
4 Anisotropy
5 Simulations and Comparison
6 Conclusion
References
A Robust Solution to Address Overshooting in Bounding Surface Plasticity Models
1 Introduction
2 The Model Proposed
3 Conclusions
Appendix 1. The Parameters Used
References
Assessment of Stress Paths Around Large-Diameter Loaded Piles Under Lateral Cyclic Loading
1 Introduction
2 3D Finite Element Investigation
2.1 3D FE Modelling Configuration
2.2 Typical Stress Variation in Elements Around the Pile
2.3 Stress Paths Around the Pile
2.4 Recommendation for Experimental Element Testing
3 Conclusions
References
Compression Models from Elementary Incremental Laws
1 Introduction
2 Some Remarks on the Relationship Between Void Ratio and Effective Stress
2.1 Definitions
2.2 Compression Models from Literature
3 Incremental Laws to Derive a New Class of Relationships
4 Comparison with Experimental Data
5 Conclusion
References
On the Influence of Multiple Episodes of Cyclic Loading and Reconsolidation on the Behavior of Monopiles Embedded in Fine-Grained Soils
1 Introduction
2 Reference Centrifuge Tests
3 Test Material and Model Calibration
4 Finite Element Simulations
5 Summary and Conclusions
References
Limitations of Classic Constitutive Soil Models and Their Suitability to Represent Tailings Behaviour
1 Introduction
2 Tailings Selection and Laboratory Testing
3 Constitutive Model Selection and Calibration
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Drained Response
4.2 Undrained Response
4.3 Critical State Line
5 Conclusions
References
Automatic Parameter Calibration of Two Advanced Constitutive Models
1 Introduction
2 Numerical framework
3 Experimental Data and Reference Parameter
4 Results of the Automatic Calibration Tool
5 Conclusions
References
PFEM Modeling of Strain Localization Processes in Non-local Multiplicative Plasticity
1 Introduction
2 The FDMilan Model
3 PFEM Simulations of Plane Strain Compression Tests
4 Results
5 Concluding Remarks
References
A Simple Analytical Model of the Damping Ratio Considering Effect of Particle Breakage
1 Introduction
2 SS08-Breakage Model, Validation and Performance
3 Calibration of Darendeli Model
4 Analytical Model for Crushable Sand
5 Conclusions
References
Liquefaction Instability Analysis Using Extended Mohr-Coulomb Model Under Axisymmetric Conditions
1 Introduction
2 Bifurcation Analysis
3 Material Model
4 Experimental Observations
5 Prediction of Instability
6 Conclusion
References
HySand: A New Constitutive Model for Sand Under Cyclic Loading
1 Introduction
2 Triaxial formulation of HySand
2.1 Hyperplasticity
2.2 Gibbs Energy Function
2.3 Yield Surfaces and Plastic Flow Direction
3 Components of the Model
3.1 Frictional Plasticity
3.2 Pressure Dependent Contraction
3.3 Anisotropy and Density Dependent Dilation
3.4 Multi-surface Plasticity
4 Parameters of the Model
5 Results of the Model
5.1 Results on Monotonic Loading
5.2 Results on Cyclic Loading
6 Conclusions
References
Finite Element Modelling of Tunnel Settlements Under Cyclic Loading
1 Introduction
2 Notation
3 Constitutive Anamnesis Model (CAM)
3.1 Historiotropic Surface
3.2 Mechanical Model Formulation
4 Material Parameters
5 Tunnel Settlement of Metro Line No. 4 in Shanghai
6 Conclusions
References
Numerical Study on the Effect of Hydrate Saturation on the Geo-Mechanical Behavior of Gas Hydrate Sediments
1 Introduction
2 Constitutive Models for Gas Hydrate Sediments
3 Results and Discussions
3.1 Comparison of Different Constitutive Models
3.2 Effect of Hydrate Saturation and OCR
4 Conclusions
References
The Coefficient of Earth Pressure at Rest by Means of the Granular Mechanics
1 Introduction
2 Three-Dimensional Infinite Soil Slope
2.1 Octahedral Packing Diagonal to the Soil Slope
2.2 Octahedral Packing Parallel to the Soil Slope
3 Comparison with Laboratory Failure Tests
4 Conclusions
References
Methods and Tools - Coupled and Multiphase Modelling
Improving Efficiency, Stability, and Accuracy of Finite Element Solutions for Solving Dynamic Contact Problems Involving Unsaturated Soils
1 Introduction
2 Constitutive Model
3 Finite Element Analysis
4 Conclusions
References
An Optimized Pore Network Model for Unsaturated Soil Permeability Determination
1 Introduction
2 Network Construction
3 Network Optimization
4 Simulating Wetting SWRC and Relative Hydraulic Permeability
5 Results
6 Conclusions
References
Methods and Tools - Advanced Constitutive Modeling of Soils in Practical Applications
Finite Deformation Modelling of Cone Penetration Tests in Saturated Structured Clays
1 Introduction
2 The FDMilan Model
3 Simulations Program
4 Selected Results
5 Concluding Remarks
References
Modelling Extreme Oedometric Unloading of a High Plasticity Overconsolidated Clay with Two Anisotropic Bounding Surface Plasticity Models
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Calibration and Conceptual Capability
4 Simulation of Selected Tests
5 Summary and Conclusions
References
Granular Mechanics of the Rankine's Lateral Pressure on Retaining Walls Under General Conditions
1 Introduction
2 Force Chains in a Granular Material
3 Cartesian Stresses in a Linear Slope
4 Ideal Rankine's Soil Structure
5 Resultant Stress in an Inclined Plane
6 Lateral Force Against the Retaining Wall
7 Granular Generalization of the Rankine's Theory
8 Conclusions
References
Methods and Tools - Material Point Method in Computational Geomechanics
Implementing Dynamic Boundary Conditions with the Material Point Method
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 Material Point Method
2.2 DM-GC
2.3 Non-reflecting Boundaries
3 Implementation
4 Numerical Examples
4.1 1D Column Benchmark
4.2 Foundation Under Repeated Loading
5 Conclusions
References
Large Strain Analysis of Unsaturated Heterogeneous Slopes with MPM
1 Introduction
2 Numerical Method
3 Model Set-Up
4 MPM Simulation Outcomes
5 LEM Analysis Outcome
6 Conclusions
References
Numerical Analysis of Rain-Induced Slope Failure by Using the MPM-SPH Coupling Method
1 Introduction
2 Numerical Method
2.1 Governing Equations
2.2 Unsaturated Seepage Characteristics
2.3 Discretization Method
3 Numerical Analysis of Slope Failure
3.1 Numerical Model and Material Parameters
3.2 Slope Failure Process
3.3 Influence of Permeability
4 Conclusions
References
Methods and Tools - Quantification and Reduction of Uncertainty in Geomechanical Numerical Models
Estimation of Soil Water Retention Curves by Inversion of the Richards Equation: A Comparison of Nature-Inspired and Gradient Algorithms
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Infiltration Experiment
2.2 Inversion of RE and Inversion Algorithms
2.3 Performance Criteria
3 Results
4 Conclusions
References
Options for the Implementations of Data Assimilation for Geotechnics
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Forward Model
2.2 Data Assimilation Scheme
3 Experimental Plan
4 Results and Discussions
5 Conclusions
References
A Step Towards Quantifying the Uncertainty of the Soil Mechanical Response Through the Use of Genetic Algorithms
1 Introduction
2 Optimization Algorithm, Soil Material and Constitutive Model
3 Uncertainty Analysis
3.1 Calibration Results and Parameter Uncertainty Analysis
3.2 Probability Distribution of Model Parameters
4 Numerical Investigation of the Influence of Uncertainty of the Soil Mechanical Response-Case Study: Braced Excavation
5 Conclusions
References
Methods and Tools - Reliability and Risk Analysis
Reliability Assessment for Internal Stability Design of MSE Walls
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
3 Bias Values
3.1 Load
3.2 Resistance
4 Nominal Values
5 Example PET Strap MSE Wall
6 Conclusions
References
Liquefaction Assessment and Soil Spatial Variation
1 Introduction
2 Random Fields Theoretical Background
3 Initial Conditions and Liquefaction Assessment
4 Results
5 Conclusions
References
Assessing Rockfall Barrier Performance Through Block Propagation Codes and Meta-models
1 Introduction
2 Model Description
2.1 Block Propagation
2.2 Barrier Modelling
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
Reliability-Based Partial Factors Considering Spatial Variability of Strength Parameters
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Results and Discussions
3.1 Calculating the Reliability-Based Partial Factors
4 Conclusions
References
Applications in Geotechnical Engineering - Surface and Near Surface Structures: Excavations, Foundations, Tunnels
On the Use of Embedded Beam Formulations for the Numerical Analysis of Deep Foundations
1 Introduction
2 Theoretical Considerations
3 Parametric and Sensitivity Studies
3.1 Resemblance of Discontinuities
3.2 Transfer of Constant Torque
4 Discussion and Conclusions
References
Approximate Accounting for Corrosion in Estimation of Strain Demand on Buried Pipelines Subject to Ground Displacements
1 Introduction
2 Description of Numerical Model
3 Validation of Model
3.1 Validation Study 1: Comparison with the Analytical Expressions for Axial Soil Movements
3.2 Validation Study 2: Comparison with the FE Analyses from Liu and O'Rourke (1997) for Transverse Soil Movement
4 Analyses
5 Conclusion
References
Method for Predicting Vertical Displacement of Shield Tunnel Near Deep Excavation
1 Introduction
2 Method for Predicting Vertical Displacement
3 Outline of Excavation Activities
4 Predicted Conditions
5 Measurement Results
6 Evaluation of Prediction Method
7 Conclusions
References
Evaluation of the Behavior of Retaining Walls and Surrounding Ground by Finite Element Method Analysis
1 Introduction
2 Construction Overview and Ground Conditions
3 Measurement
3.1 Measurement Overview and Measurement Results
3.2 Deformation Modulus at Depths Below the Excavation Bottom
4 FEM Analysis
5 Analysis Result
5.1 Horizontal Displacement of the Retaining Wall
5.2 Lateral Pressure Distribution Behind the Retaining Wall
5.3 Vertical Displacement of the Ground
6 Conclusions
References
Numerical Studies on Soil Structure Interaction of Integral Railway Bridges with Different Backfills
1 Introduction
2 Numerical Studies on 1g Cyclic Laboratory Tests
3 Study of Cyclic Lateral Stress for Different Backfill Designs
4 Conclusions
References
Centrifuge Model Test Study on the Behavior of a Tunnel Under the Neighboring Excavation
1 Introduction
2 Test Description
2.1 Test Program
2.2 Device
2.3 Model Preparation
2.4 Test Procedure
3 Observation
4 Soil-Tunnel Interaction
5 Conclusion
References
Applications in Geotechnical Engineering - Building and Infrastructure Response to Ground Movement
Interaction Between Tunnel Excavations and Historical Structures in Rome: A Fully Coupled Structural and Geotechnical Approach
1 Introduction
2 Case Study
3 Numerical Modelling and Results
References
Soil-Pipe Interactions Under Permanent Ground Deformations
1 Introduction
2 Longitudinal Bending of Pressure and Gravity Flow Pipes
3 Joint Response Up to Leakage
4 Response of Liners Within Gravity Flow and Pressure Pipes
5 Other Studies
References
Applications in Geotechnical Engineering - Computational Rail Geotechnics
Influence of Frost Heave Induced Track Deformation on Ballast Settlement of Culvert Transition Zone in Freezing Period
1 Introduction
2 Freeze-Thaw Analysis and Vehicle Vibration Analysis
2.1 Freeze-Thaw Analysis of Ballasted Track
2.2 Vehicle Vibration Analysis
3 Track Settlement Calculation
3.1 Track Parameters
3.2 Track Settlement Model
4 Simulation Results
4.1 The Influence of Temperature on Deformation
4.2 The Influence of Different GWL on Deformation
4.3 The Stress Below Sleeper for Different Train Speed and GWL
4.4 The Influence of Different Train Speed on Ballast Settlement
5 Conclusions
References
Applications in Geotechnical Engineering - Dams and Earth Structures
Seismic Response Analysis of Earth Dam with Geostatistical Method and 3-D Survey
1 Introduction
2 Field Ground Tests at the Site
3 Three-Dimensional Finite Element Model
4 Kaneshige Interpolation of Geotechnical Information by Geostatistical Methods
4.1 Determination of Statistical Model of SWS N Values
4.2 Estimation of Ground Rigidity Distribution
5 Analysis Conditions
6 Seismic Response Analysis Results
7 Conclusions
References
Applications in Geotechnical Engineering - Deep Structures: Tunnels, Caverns, Mines
Stability Assessment of Underground Karst Cavities Using a Rigid Plastic Finite Element Method RPFEM
1 Introduction
2 Rigid Plastic Finite Element Constitutive Equation
3 Problem Definition
4 Results
5 Conclusion
References
Numerical Analysis of Stability and Serviceability of Creeping Tailings Heaps
1 Introduction
2 Design and Safety Concept
2.1 Basics
2.2 Analysis of Stability (Ultimate Limit State, ULS)
2.3 Analysis of Serviceability (Serviceability Limit State, SLS)
2.4 Monitoring Programme
3 Numerical Analysis of a Tailings Heap
3.1 Subsoil, Geometry and History
3.2 Numerical Model
3.3 Calibration of the Numerical Model
3.4 Proof of Stability (ULS)
3.5 Proof of Serviceability (SLS)
4 Conclusions
References
CERN, HL-LHC Project: Numerical Modelling and Design Challenges for the New Underground Facilities at Point 5
1 Introduction
2 Geology
3 The Main Challenges of the HL-LHC Project
3.1 Schedule of Design and Construction
3.2 Vibrations Issue
3.3 Complex Rock Mass Behaviour: The Monitoring System
3.4 The Role of Numerical Analysis During the Design Phase to Predict the Induced Settlements and Determine the Required Rock Supports
4 The Role of Numerical Analysis During the Construction Phase
5 Conclusions
References
Numerical Modelling of Face Extrusion in Shield Tunnelling Through Squeezing Ground
1 Introduction
2 Problem Setup
3 Computational Method
4 Model Behaviour
5 Excavation Volume
6 Conclusions
References
Applications in Geotechnical Engineering - Natural Slopes
Centrifuge Modeling of Soil Slopes with Dual Structure Under Drawdown Conditions
1 Introduction
2 Tests
2.1 Equipment and Measurement
2.2 Model
2.3 Procedure
3 Observation
3.1 Water Content Change
3.2 Slope Failure
3.3 Slope Displacement
4 Slope Failure Mechanism
5 Conclusion
References
A Rigorous Variant of the Shear Strength Reduction Method and Its Usage in Slope Stability
1 Introduction
2 The Standard and Modified SSRM Methods
3 Numerical Example - Case Study of a Real Heterogeneous Slope
4 Conclusions
References
Seismic Performance of Rock Slopes and Wedges Accounting for Progressive Strength Reduction of Joints
1 Introduction
2 Newmark Rigid Block Method with Strength Reduction
2.1 Sliding Rigid Block Models
2.2 Implementation
3 Equivalence Criterion
4 Conclusions
References
Applications in Geotechnical Engineering - Earthquake and Dynamics
The Effects of Soil-Released High Frequency Motion on a Structure
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Results
4 Discussion and Summary
References
Estimation of Normal, Inverse, and Irregular Earth Profile Using Different Global Optimization Techniques from Active MASW Survey
1 Introduction
2 Site Detailing and MASW Configuration
3 Comparisons of Various Optimization Techniques
4 MASW Test on Various Soil Profiles
4.1 Normally Dispersive Soil Profile
4.2 Inversely Dispersive Soil Profile
4.3 Irregularly Dispersive Soil Profile
5 Conclusion
References
RETRACTED CHAPTER: Evaluation of Field Sand Liquefaction Including Partial Drainage Under Low and High Overburden Using a Generalized Bounding Surface Model
1 Summary of Experimental Work
2 Numerical Analyses
2.1 Material Model Description
2.2 Flac3D Model Setup
2.3 Model Calibration
3 Numerical Fully Coupled Results
References
Liquefaction and Post Liquefaction Response of Coal Ash Using Cyclic Simple Shear
1 Introduction
2 Material Properties and Experimental Program
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Effect of Relative Compaction (RC) on Liquefaction Response and Dynamic Properties of Coal Ash
3.2 Effect of Relative Compaction (RC) on Post Liquefaction Response of Coal Ash
4 Conclusion
References
Environmental Geomechanics - Ground Improvements, Reinforcement, Geosynthetics
Comparative Grouting Tests with Two Micro-cement Types
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
Numerical Validation of Strains in Geogrids Embedded in Bridge Abutments
1 Introduction
2 Finite Element Model of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Bridge Abutment
3 Design of GRS Bridge Abutment
4 Conclusions
References
DEM Modeling of a Plate Bearing Capacity Test on a Mesh-Soil System
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Test
3 Methodology
4 Discussion of the Soil-Plate-Mesh Interaction Mechanism
5 Influence of the Wire Mesh Mechanical Properties and of the Anchor Plate Geometry
6 Conclusions
References
A Displacement Based Study on Seismic Coefficient (kh) for Stiffer Wrap-Faced GRS Wall System
1 Introduction
2 Finite Element (FE) Modelling of the Wrap-Faced GRS Wall
3 Boundary Conditions
4 Ground Motions
5 Results
6 Discussion
7 Conclusion
References
Soil Nail Wall Design Practice in USA
1 Introduction
2 Design Methodology
3 Maximum Nail and Facing Forces
4 Comparison Study Using Snail, Slide and FLAC
5 Service Limit Design
6 Conclusions
References
Chemical Clay Soils Treatment During Deep Soil Mixing
1 Introduction
2 Material and Methods
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
Shear Strength and Excess Pore Water Pressure Response of Fiber-Reinforced Class F Fly Ash
1 Introduction
2 Material Properties and Experimental Program
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
3D Discrete Element Modeling of Sands Treated by Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Preparation Scheme of the DEM Packing
2.2 Determination of the Sand Particle Number
3 Numerical Results and Discussion
3.1 Calibration of the Model Parameters
3.2 Efficiency of MICP Treatment
4 Conclusions
References
Effects of Carbonate Distribution Inhomogeneity on the Improvement Level of Bio-cemented Sands: A DEM Study
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Evidence of Inhomogeneity of Bio-cemented Soils
3 DEM Sample Preparation
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Triaxial Compression Tests
4.2 Triaxial Extension Tests
5 Conclusions
References
Environmental Geomechanics - Waste Disposal, Soil Atmosphere Interaction and Ice Mechanics
Numerical Modelling of the Assembly of Big Bags to Optimize Landfill Disposal
1 Introduction
2 Definition of the Mechanical Properties of the Blocks
3 Simulations of the Assembly of Big Bags in Different Conditions
3.1 Equilibrium of the Assembly of Big Bags on a Horizontal Plane
3.2 Equilibrium of the Assembly of Big Bags on an Inclined Surface
3.3 Equilibrium of the Assembly of Big Bags on a Side Bank
4 Conclusions
References
On the Role of Soil Properties and Initial Conditions in the Response of River Levees to Flood Events
1 Introduction
2 Key Aspects for a Reliable Numerical Modelling
3 Case Study
3.1 Material Properties and Constitutive Parameters
3.2 Hydraulic and Atmospheric Loads
4 Numerical Model and Results
5 Conclusions
References
Geomechanics for Energy - Gas, Petroleum and Offshore Engineering
Fully-Coupled Multiscale Poromechanical Simulation Relevant for Underground Gas Storage
1 Introduction
2 Coupled Consolidation Model
3 Numerical Formulation
4 Multiscale Formulation
5 Results
6 Conclusions
References
Geomechanics for Energy - Energy Geostructures
Investigating the Effectiveness of Energy Tunnels in Cooling Underground Substations
1 Introduction
2 Underground Substation Cooling System Simulation
3 The Efficiency of the Cooling System
4 Cost Analysis of the Cooling System
5 Conclusions
References
Retraction Note to: Evaluation of Field Sand Liquefaction Including Partial Drainage Under Low and High Overburden Using a Generalized Bounding Surface Model
Retraction Note to: Chapter "Evaluation of Field Sand Liquefaction Including Partial Drainage Under Low and High Overburden Using a Generalized Bounding Surface Model" in: M. Barla et al. (Eds.): Challenges and Innovations in Geomechanics, LNCE 288, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12851-6_56
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Challenges and Innovations in Geomechanics

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