The Colossian Syncretism
The Interface Between Christianity and Folk Belief at Colossae
1st Edition
Published on 10. December 2019
378 pages
978-3-16-157123-7 (ISBN)
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Clinton E. Arnold
The Colossian Syncretism
The Interface Between Christianity and Folk Belief at Colossae
Book
09/1995
1st Edition
Mohr Siebeck
€114.00
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Content
- Cover
- Titel
- Acknowledgments
- Table of Contents
- Abbreviations
- Introduction
- 1. Revising the Method
- 2. The Importance of Reconstructing the Situation
- 3. The Issue of Authorship
- Part I: The "Worship of Angels"
- Chapter 1: The Veneration of Angels in Magic
- 1. Defining Magic
- 2. Magic as a Key to Understanding Popular Belief-Even Within Judaism
- 3. Addressing the Issue of Date
- 4. The Veneration of "Angels" in Magic
- a. The Invocation of Angels for Protection
- b. The Invocation of Angels in Revelatory Magic and Dream Divination
- c. The Invocation of Angels for Other Purposes
- d. Paredroi: The Mighty Assistants Who Perform Anything
- 5. Summary
- Chapter 2: The Veneration of Angels in Judaism
- 1. Calling on Angels: The Literature of Judaism
- 2. Calling on Angels: Amulets and Incantations
- a. The Book of Tobit-An Angel Reveals Magical Rites and Binds a Demon
- b. Magical Papyri-Invocation of Angels
- c. Inscriptions-Invocation of Angels
- d. Amulets-Invocation of Angels
- e. Summary
- 3. Testament of Solomon-Thwarting the Demons
- 4. Sepher Ha-Razim
- 5. The Hekhalot Literature
- 6. Accusations of Jewish Angel Worship
- 7. Summary
- Chapter 3: The Local Veneration of Angels
- 1. "Angels" in the Context of Magic: Pagan, Jewish, and Christian
- a. The Pergamum Magical Apparatus
- b. Local Amulets
- c. Local Defixiones
- d. Summary
- 2. Pagan "Angel" Texts
- a. The ???e??? and ???e????? Inscriptions in Stratonicea (Caria)
- b. Lydia: "Holy and Just"
- c. Men Text from Lydia
- d. Didyma Text
- e. Oenoanda (Lycia)
- f. Summary
- 3. Jewish "Angel" Texts
- a. Eumenia
- b. Kalecik, Galatia: "Theos Hypsistos and His Angels"
- 4. Christian "Angel" Texts
- a. Miletus Angel Inscription (CIG 2895)
- b. A Magical Inscription From Pisidian Antioch
- c. Council of Laodicea
- 5. Conclusions
- Chapter 4: The Veneration of Angels at Colossae
- 1. The Use of ????e?a
- a. Subjective Genitive: Worshipping With the Angels?
- b. Objective Genitive: Invoking Angels
- 2. Jewish Mysticism or Gnosticism?
- a. Participation in Angelic Liturgy
- b. Gnostic Veneration of Angels
- 3. Invoking Angels at Colossae
- Part II: Reconstructing the Colossian "Philosophy"
- Chapter 5: The Term ?µßate??, Mystery Initiation, and the Local Cults
- 1. Pagan Cults at Colossae
- 2. ?µßate?? As a Technical Term of the Local Mysteries
- 3. The Determinative Influence of the Inscriptions on Interpreting Col 2:18
- 4. The Clarian Apollo and the Teaching of the "Philosophy"
- 5. The Isis Initiation in Apuleius
- 6. The "Mithras Liturgy"-A Magical Mystery Rite
- 7. The Goddess of Witchcraft and Magic: Hekate
- 8. Other Relevant Phrygian Cults
- a. Cybele and Attis
- b. Men
- 9. Syncretistic Judaism in Phrygia
- 10. Conclusion
- Chapter 6: Hostile Powers: The Problem of the Stoicheia
- 1. The Prominence of the Powers in Colossians
- 2. The Issue
- 3. The Religions-Historical Background
- a. Babylonian, Persian, and Greek Antecedents
- b. The Milieu of Magic and Astrology
- c. Mystery Cult Usage: The Isis Initiation in Apuleius
- d. Judaism
- e. Summary
- 4. The Stoicheia in Galatians 4
- 5. The Stoicheia Inspired "the Philosophy" at Colossae
- 6. Immunity to the Stoicheia: Union With Christ (Colossians 2:20)
- 7. Summary and Conclusions
- Chapter 7: "Wisdom," "Philosophy," and Ascetic Behavior
- 1. The Jewish Contribution
- 2. The Structure of 2:16-23
- 3. "Wisdom"
- 4. "The Philosophy" and "Tradition"
- 5. Dietary Regulations and Taboos
- 6. Observances: Festivals, New Moons, and Sabbaths
- 7. "Freely Chosen Worship"
- 8. "Honor"
- 9. Polemical Comments
- a. The Teaching Belongs to "The World"
- b. The Teaching Devalues Christ
- c. The Teaching is Demonic
- d. The Teachers are Improper Judges
- 10. Conclusion
- Chapter 8: Toward a Reconstruction of "The Philosophy"
- 1. A Portrait of "The Philosophy"
- 2. The Context of the Syncretism: Phrygian Folk Belief
- 3. Christian Syncretism and Magic
- 4. Conclusion
- Part III: The Contextualized Theology of Colossians
- Chapter 9: The Theological Response to the Situation
- 1. Poetic Praise to Christ's Supremacy Over the Powers (1:15-20)
- a. The Natue and Structure of the Passage
- b. The Powers are Not Supreme: Christ is Lord of Creation
- c. The Powers No Longer Enslave: Christ is Lord of Reconciliation
- d. Summary
- 2. Christ as The Mystery
- 3. "You Have Been Filled": The Structure and Function of 2:9-15
- 4. The Defeat of the Powers by Christ (2:15)
- a. Disarming the Powers
- b. Exposing the Powers
- c. Leading the Powers in a Triumphal Procession
- 5. Redemption: Deliverance From the Powers
- a. Deliverance From the Domain of the Powers (1:12-14)
- b. Forgiveness of Sins (1:14
- 2:13c-14)
- 6. Participating in Christ's Fullness
- a. Possessing the Pleroma (2:9-10)
- b. Sharing in Christ's Authority over the Powers (2:10)
- c. The Basis: Participation in the Death and Resurrection of Christ (2:11-13)
- d. The Power of the New Dominion (1:11)
- e. Concentrating on the Heavenly Dimension (3:1-4)
- 7. Conclusions
- Conclusions
- Bibliography
- Author Index
- Passage Index
- Subject Index
