
Health and Safety At Work. European and Comparative Perspective
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- the concepts of 'health', 'danger', and 'risk';
- employers' obligations to inform, evaluate, and monitor;
- rights and duties of workers' representatives with regard to health and safety at work;
- the obligation to carry out a systematic work environment management;
- reintegration efforts required from the employer and employee;
- instruments available to help the employer in the proper fulfilment of safety obligations;
- the interaction between health and safety regulation and the social security system;
- labour inspecti
- civil, administrative and criminal liability of the employer;
- specific legislation regarding pregnant women;
- protection of other vulnerable groups;
- moral harassment or 'mobbing';
- sexual harassment;
- work-related stress
- the concept of pénibilité au travail;
- effect of a company's hierarchical structure on liability; and
- domestic workers and home-workers.
For practitioners dealing with cases involving health and safety issues at work, this book will be welcomed as a thorough and up-to-date guide on available approaches. Of especial value is the detailed coverage of the scope of the safety obligation, the consequences of its violation, workers' representation, and the link between occupational health and safety and the fight against harassment at work.
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Content
- Cover
- Half Title Page
- Editorial Board
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- List of Editor and Contributors
- Summary of Contents
- Table of Contents
- Preface
- Acknowledgements
- CHAPTER 1 Occupational Health and Safety: An EU Law Perspective
- §1.01 INTRODUCTION
- §1.02 LEGAL BASES THAT JUSTIFY NORMATIVE ACTION REGARDING OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
- [A] The Approximation of Laws and the Functioning of the Common Market
- [B] The Conferral of a Specific Power for the Protection of the Health and Safety of Employees
- [C] Technical Harmonization and New Approach Directives
- §1.03 ACTION PROGRAMMES AND STRATEGIES FOR OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
- §1.04 THE FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE
- [A] The Improvement in Occupational Health and Safety: General Application
- [B] The General Duty on the Employer and the Standard of the Maximum Safety Technologically Possible
- [C] Balanced Participation in the Management of Health and Safety
- §1.05 THE LEGISLATIVE DEVELOPMENT AFTER THE FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE AND THE AUTONOMOUS FRAMEWORK AGREEMENTS
- [A] Psycho-Social Risks and the Impact of the Framework Agreements on Work-Related Stress and on Harassment and Violence at Work
- CHAPTER 2 Occupational Health and Safety in Austria: 'The Labour Inspectorate Is Watching You'
- §2.01 INTRODUCTION
- §2.02 BASIC CONCEPTS
- [A] Typologies of Risks
- [1] Occupational Accidents
- [2] Occupational Diseases
- [3] Mobbing: An Occupational Disease?
- [4] Sexual Harassment and Improper Sexual Behaviour as Risks at the Work Place
- §2.03 PERSONAL SCOPE AND DUTIES OF THE PARTIES INVOLVED
- [A] Personal Scope
- [1] Employees
- [2] Subcontractors and Customers
- [B] Duties of the Parties Involved
- [1] The Employer as the Main Responsible for Health and Safety at the Workplace
- [a] General Duties of the Employer
- [b] Information, Evaluation and Monitoring: Crucial Obligations of the Employer
- [c] Preventive and Protective Services: Occupational Safety Advisors, Occupational Health Doctors and the Occupational Safety Committee
- [d] Health Surveillance and Medical Examinations
- [e] The Spatial Dimension of Employer's Responsibility
- [f] The Temporal Dimension of Employer's Responsibility
- [2] The Liable Authorized Representatives
- [3] The Main Responsible for Compliance with Health and Safety Measures in the Building Sector
- [4] The Employee as an Individual and His or Her Responsibility for Occupational Health and Safety
- [5] The AUVA: The General Accident Insurance Institution
- §2.04 WORKERS REPRESENTATIVES AND THEIR OBLIGATIONS WITH REGARD TO HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK
- [A] Safety Representatives
- [B] Duties of the Safety Representatives
- §2.05 CONSEQUENCES ON THE PARTIES AND REMEDIES IN CASE OF THE VIOLATION OF HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS
- [A] Compliance and Control: The Labour Inspectorates
- [1] Agenda of the Labour Inspectorates
- [2] Data on the Labour Inspectorates' Measures, Efficiency and Penalties
- [B] Typologies of Liabilities in Case of Infringement of Provisions Concerning Health and Safety at Work
- [1] Criminal Liability of the Employer
- [2] Administrative Liability
- [3] Civil Liability: The Role of the Occupational Accident Insurance
- [C] Other Sanctions in Case of Non-implementation of Health and Safety Provisions
- [D] Workplace Health Promotion
- §2.06 CONCLUSIONS
- CHAPTER 3 Well-Being at Work in Belgium: A Matter of Co-operation
- §3.01 INTRODUCTION
- §3.02 BASIC CONCEPTS
- §3.03 PERSONAL SCOPE AND DUTIES OF THE PARTIES INVOLVED
- [A] The Five Main Actors
- [1] The Employer
- [2] The Internal Services for Prevention and Protection at Work
- [a] Obligation for Each Company to Have Atleast One Prevention Service
- [b] Legal Status of the Internal Prevention Advisor
- [c] Tasks of the Internal Prevention Services
- [3] The Hierarchical Structure
- [4] The Workers
- [5] The Committee for Prevention and Protection at Work
- [B] Specific Provisions with Regard to Contractors
- §3.04 WORKERS' INVOLVEMENT IN HEALTH AND SAFETY ISSUES: THE QUEST FOR PARTICIPATION
- [A] Health and Safety, an Issue of Collective Labour Law
- [B] The Nature of Workers' Involvement in Health and Safety Issues
- [C] Ratione Loci
- [D] Workers' Representatives and Workers as Experts
- §3.05 CONSEQUENCES AND SANCTIONS
- [A] Criminal Liability
- [B] Civil Liability
- §3.06 CONCLUSIONS
- CHAPTER 4 Occupational Health and Safety in France: A Good Formal Protection, but a Problematic Efficiency
- §4.01 INTRODUCTION
- §4.02 BASIC CONCEPTS
- [A] The Concept of Health and Safety
- [B] Moral and Sexual Harassment
- [C] Stress
- [D] Working Time
- [E] Hardness (Pénibilité)
- §4.03 PERSONAL SCOPE OF APPLICATION AND DUTIES OF THE PARTIES
- [A] Personal Scope of Application
- [1] The Employer
- [a] The Subcontractors and Enterprises of Services
- [b] The Temporal and Spatial Personal Scope of the Legislation
- [2] The Worker
- [a] Executive Managers with a Delegation of Power
- [3] Anybody Who Finds Him or Herself at the Workplace
- [B] Duties of the Parties
- [1] Duties of the Employer
- [2] Duties of the Worker
- §4.04 WORKERS REPRESENTATIVES
- [A] The CHSCT
- [B] Other Institutions
- [1] The délégués du personnel
- [2] Trade Unions
- §4.05 CONSEQUENCES ON THE PARTIES AND REMEDIES IN CASE OF VIOLATION OF HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS
- [A] Entitlement and Enforcement vis-à-vis Compliance with Health and Safety Provisions
- [1] The Employer
- [a] Liability of the Employer as an Individual
- [b] Liability of the Company: Introduction of Criminal Liability
- [2] Compliance and Control
- [a] Labour Inspection
- [b] The Labour Health Service
- [c] The Caisse Nationale d'Assurance Maladie (CNAM)
- [d] A Worker (or Another Competent Person) Specifically Appointed
- [B] Sanctions and Remedies
- §4.06 CONCLUSIONS
- CHAPTER 5 Occupational Health and Safety in Germany: A Dual System in Change
- §5.01 INTRODUCTION
- §5.02 BASIC CONCEPTS
- [A] The System of Health and Safety Rules
- [B] The Concepts of Health and Safety
- §5.03 PERSONAL SCOPE OF APPLICATION AND DUTIES OF THE PARTIES
- [A] Scope of Public Law Labour Protection
- [B] The Scope of the Insurance
- [C] Duties of the Employer
- [D] Duties of the Employee
- §5.04 WORKERS REPRESENTATIVES
- §5.05 CONSEQUENCES ON THE PARTIES AND REMEDIES IN CASE OF THE VIOLATION OF HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS
- [A] Entitlements and Enforcement vis-à-vis Compliance with Health and Safety Provisions
- [B] Compensation and Reparation in the Event of Damage
- [1] Insurance Benefits
- [2] Wage Continuation
- [3] Civil Law Entitlements
- [4] Regress by the Accident Insurance
- §5.06 CONCLUSIONS
- CHAPTER 6 Occupational Health and Safety in Hungary: Changes in the Name of Competitiveness?
- §6.01 INTRODUCTION, HISTORICAL AND LEGAL BACKGROUND
- [A] History of Health and Safety Legislation in a Nutshell
- [1] The Initial Development
- [2] In the Socialist System
- [3] After the Change of Regime
- [B] The Hungarian Legal Framework on Occupational Health and Safety
- [1] The Legal Framework
- [2] The Role of Self-regulation
- §6.02 BASIC CONCEPTS
- [A] Basic Definitions
- [B] The Risks Covered
- [C] Risk Assessment
- [D] Basic Principles of Occupational Health and Safety
- [1] State as the Main Regulator
- [2] General, Objective and Primary Liability of the Employer
- [3] Principle of Co-operation
- [4] Right to the Reconciliation of Interests
- [5] Data Protection
- §6.03 PERSONAL SCOPE OF APPLICATION AND DUTIES OF THE PARTIES
- [A] The Personal Scope of the LSA
- [B] All Forms of 'Organized Employment'
- [C] Exceptions in the Public Sector
- [D] Persons Being in the Proximity of the Workplace
- [E] Special Groups
- §6.04 WORKERS' REPRESENTATIVES
- [A] Organization of the Workers' Representation Related to Health and Safety
- [B] Consultation with Workers
- [C] Workers' Representatives and Health and Safety Committee
- [1] Workers' Representatives
- [2] The Employer's Obligation
- [3] The Workers' Representative's Rights
- [4] Promotion and Protection of Workers' Representatives
- [5] Health and Safety Committee
- [6] Common Representative Body
- [7] National Health and Safety Committee
- §6.05 COMPLIANCE AND CONTROL
- [A] National Authority for Labour
- [B] Other Authorities in the Field of Occupational Health and Safety
- [C] Common Rules for the Authorities
- §6.06 REMEDIES
- [A] Criminal Remedies
- [B] Co-ordination of Workers of More Employers and their Liability
- [C] Labour Law (Private Law) Remedies
- [1] The Old Labour Code
- [2] The New Labour Code
- §6.07 REINTEGRATION EFFORTS REQUIRED FROM THE EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE
- [A] Workers Having Reduced Capability to Work
- [B] Reintegration Efforts Required from the Employer and Employee
- [C] Incentives for the Employers
- [D] Protection against Dismissal
- [E] Other Rules in the Labour Code Concerning Workers with Reduced Capability
- §6.08 CONCLUDING REMARKS
- CHAPTER 7 Italy: From Occupational Health and Safety to Well-being at Work
- §7.01 INTRODUCTION
- §7.02 BASIC CONCEPTS
- [A] Risk Prevention and Protection from Risk
- [B] The Concepts of 'Health', 'Danger' and 'Risk'
- [C] Risk Deriving from Interference and Its Relevance in the Building Sector
- §7.03 PERSONAL SCOPE OF APPLICATION
- [A] The National Legislation's Application to All Sectors of Production and All Types of Risk
- [B] Specific Legislation Regarding Pregnant Women
- [C] The Distinctive Concepts of 'Worker', 'Employer' and 'Commissioning Entity'
- §7.04 DUTIES OF THE PARTIES INVOLVED
- [A] The Employer's Main Duty: Assess Risks to Workers' Safety and Health
- [B] The Entrepreneur and Management: The Delegation of Duties
- [C] The Role of Internalized and Externalized Preventive and Protective Services
- [D] The Training Duty
- [E] Duties on Contractors and Sub-contractors, with Specific Reference to the Building Sector
- [F] Workers' Duties
- §7.05 COMPLIANCE AND CONTROL
- §7.06 WORKERS REPRESENTATIVES
- [A] The Role of Workers' Representatives in the Management of Occupational Health and Safety
- [B] The Italian Path to Balanced Participation and the Compulsory Establishment of a Workers' Representative Body for Health and Safety at Work
- [C] The Role of the Joint Committees and their Relevance in the Building Sector
- §7.07 CONSEQUENCES FOR THE PARTIES AND REMEDIES FOR BREACH OF HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS
- [A] Limits on Employers' Liability
- [B] Forms of Liability for Breach of Health and Safety Provisions
- [C] Types of Penalty and Consequences in Case of Breach of Health and Safety Regulations
- [D] Adoption of a Proper System of Occupational Health and Safety Management
- [E] The Interaction between Health and Safety Regulation and the Social Security System
- §7.08 CONCLUSIONS
- CHAPTER 8 Occupational Health and Safety in Spain: A Formidable Array of Employers' Liabilities
- §8.01 BACKGROUND, SOURCES AND BASIC CONCEPTS
- [A] Emergent Risks and New Concepts
- §8.02 PERSONAL SCOPE
- §8.03 DUTIES OF THE PARTIES
- [A] The Employer as the Party Obliged to Guarantee a Safe and Healthy Working Environment
- [1] The Adaptation of Work to the Individual and Specific Risk Groups
- [2] Collaboration among Employers in Cases of Outsourcing
- [B] Duties and Ius Resistentiae of Workers
- §8.04 WORKERS' REPRESENTATIVES
- §8.05 CONSEQUENCES AND REMEDIES IN CASES OF VIOLATION OF HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS
- [A] Liabilities of the Employer
- [1] Administrative
- [2] Criminal
- [3] Civil
- [4] Social
- [B] Compatibility of Liabilities
- §8.06 CONCLUSIONS: SOME SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE SPANISH CONSTRUCTION SECTOR
- CHAPTER 9 Occupational Health and Safety in a Diverse, Post-Industrial Society: A Swedish Dilemma
- §9.01 INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
- §9.02 BASIC CONCEPTS
- [A] Risk Prevention and Protection from Risk
- [B] The Concept of 'Health', 'Danger' and 'Risk'
- §9.03 PERSONAL SCOPE OF APPLICATION
- [A] The National Legislation's Application to All Sectors of Production and All Types of Risk
- [B] Specific Legislation Regarding Pregnant Women and Young Workers
- [1] Women
- [2] Young Workers
- [C] The Distinctive Concepts of 'Worker', 'Employer' and 'Commissioning Entity'
- §9.04 DUTIES OF THE PARTIES INVOLVED
- [A] The Employers' Main Duty: Risk Assessment
- [B] The Employer and the Management: The Delegation of Duties
- [C] Working Time: Also a Work Environment Issue
- [D] The Role of Occupational Health Services
- [E] The Training Duty
- [F] Duties on Contractors and Subcontractors with Specific References to the Building Sector
- [G] Workers' Duties
- §9.05 COMPLIANCE AND CONTROL
- §9.06 WORKERS' REPRESENTATIVES
- §9.07 CONSEQUENCES FOR THE PARTIES AND REMEDIES FOR BREACH OF HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS
- §9.08 THE INTERACTION BETWEEN HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISION AND THE SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM
- [A] The Compensatory Side as Part of the Social Insurance Code
- [B] Work Adaption and Rehabilitation as Part of the WE Act
- [C] Protection of the Disabled
- §9.09 CONCLUSIONS
- CHAPTER 10 Occupational Health and Safety in the Netherlands: A Shift of Responsibilities
- §10.01 HISTORICAL AND LEGAL BACKGROUND
- [A] Introduction
- [B] Historical Background
- [C] The Dutch System of Regulation of Health and Safety
- §10.02 BASIC CONCEPTS
- [A] The Concept of Health and Safety and Risks
- [1] Legislation
- [2] The Role of the Courts
- [B] The Risks Covered
- [1] Physical Risks
- [2] Psychosocial Risks
- [3] Working Time
- §10.03 THE PERSONAL SCOPE OF APPLICATION AND THE DUTIES OF THE PARTIES
- [A] The Scope in General
- [B] Scope of Application and Special Groups
- [1] Young Workers
- [2] Women
- §10.04 THE DUTIES AND ROLES OF WORKERS' REPRESENTATIVES
- §10.05 CONSEQUENCES FOR THE PARTIES AND REMEDIES IN CASE OF VIOLATION OF HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS
- [A] Consequences for the Main Actors
- [B] The Arsenal of Remedies
- [1] Criminal Remedies
- [2] Private Law Remedies
- [a] Compensation by Virtue of Article 7:658 CC
- [b] Payments by Virtue of Article 7:629 CC and Social Security Benefits
- [C] Reintegration Efforts Required of the Employer and Employee
- [1] Act on the Employment Contract
- [2] The Disability Benefits Act
- [3] The Relation to Dismissal Law and Unemployment
- [D] Administrative Remedies
- §10.06 CONCLUDING REMARKS
- [A] Responsibilities have Shifted
- [B] The Role of the Workers' Representatives has become more Important
- [C] Financial Incentives are Used
- [D] The Criterion of Sufficient Protection
- [E] The Concept of Health and Safety
- [F] Enforcement and Control
- CHAPTER 11 Occupational Health and Safety in the UK: At a Crossroads?
- §11.01 INTRODUCTION AND LEGAL BACKGROUND
- §11.02 BASIC CONCEPTS
- [A] Health
- [1] Working Time
- [2] Harassment, Discrimination and the Protection of Vulnerable Groups
- [B] Risk
- [1] Risk and the Health and Safety at Work Act
- [2] Risk and the Tort of Negligence
- [C] Protection and Prevention
- [D] Promotion
- §11.03 PERSONAL SCOPE OF APPLICATION AND DUTIES OF THE PARTIES
- [A] Employers
- [B] Employees
- [C] Self-employed
- [D] Sub-contractors
- §11.04 WORKERS' REPRESENTATION
- [A] Worker Participation where there Is a Recognized Trade Union
- [B] Workplaces without a Recognized Trade Union
- [C] Worker Participation in Health and Safety: Time for Reform?
- §11.05 CONSEQUENCES ON THE PARTIES AND REMEDIES IN CASE OF VIOLATION OF HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS
- [A] Enforcement by the Health and Safety Executive
- [B] Enforcement by Individuals
- [C] Reparation
- [1] Social Security and Work-Related Ill-Health
- [2] The Legal Protection of Sick Workers and Workers with Disabilities
- §11.06 TAKING STOCK OF UK LAW ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
- CHAPTER 12 Occupational Health and Safety: A Comparative Perspective
- §12.01 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY LAW: THE BIG PICTURE
- §12.02 NATURE AND SCOPE OF THE HEALTH AND SAFETY OBLIGATIONS
- §12.03 BASIC NOTIONS
- §12.04 PERSONAL SCOPE OF APPLICATION OF THE HEALTH AND SAFETY LEGISLATION
- §12.05 SPECIFIC DUTIES AND PREROGATIVES OF THE PARTIES INVOLVED
- [A] The Entrepreneur
- [1] The Obligation to Carry Out a Systematic Work Environment Management
- [2] The Establishment of the Prevention and Protection Service
- [3] The Duty of Establishing Joint Health and Safety Bodies
- [4] Reintegration and Rehabilitation Programmes for Ill Workers
- [B] The Worker
- §12.06 WORKERS' PARTICIPATION
- [A] General Representation
- [B] Specialized Representation
- [C] Second Level Specialized Representation Which Stems from General Trade Unions Representation, with Alternative Route in Absence of Trade Union Representation within the Undertaking
- [D] General Non Unionized Representation from Which Stems a Specialized Representation: Spain
- [E] The Co-existence of General (Non Unionized) and Specialized (but Employer Appointed) Representation: Austria
- §12.07 COMPLIANCE AND CONTROL
- [A] Labour Inspection
- [B] Specific and Dedicated Systems of Compliance and Control
- [1] Hungary
- [2] Sweden
- [3] United Kingdom
- [C] Social Security Institutions
- [D] Bilateral Bodies Established by Collective Agreement
- §12.08 CONSEQUENCES OF VIOLATION OF HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS
- [A] General Overview
- [B] Civil Liability & Social Insurance
- [C] Civil Liability without Social Insurance: United Kingdom
- [D] Administrative and Criminal
- §12.09 CONCLUSION
- Back Cover
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