Advances in Environment, Behavior, and Design: Volume 3

I Advances In Theory.- 1 The Significance of Architectural Theory for Environmental Design Research.- Getting Physical: The Need to Identify Formal Attributes The Nature of Theory in Architecture and Its Links to Scientific.- Epistemology: An Historical Perspective.- The Renaissance-Baroque Tradition.- The Premodern Tradition.- The Modern Movement.- Postmodernism.- The Relation between Environment-Behavior Research and Architectural Theory: Rapprochement or Disjuncture?.- Toward a Reconsideration of the Domain of Theory in Environment-Behavior and Design Research.- The Major Themes of Architectural Theory.- Style.- Composition.- Type.- Morphology.- Place.- Implications for Future Research and Applications.- References.- 2 Design Theory from an Environment and Behavior Perspective.- Understanding the Design Fields: Three Clarifications.- The Design Fields as Art and as Environmental Design.- The Design Fields as Professions and as Disciplines.- The Meaning of Theory.- The Modern Movement as Art and as Environmental Design.- The First Generation: The Anglo-Americans and the Continentals.- The Second Generation: The Rediscovery of Architectural Symbolism.- The Third Generation: Working a Function into a Form.- The Positive Basis of Normative Modern Design Theory.- The Design Fields as Art.- The Design Fields as Environmental Design.- Environment-Behavior Studies and Modernist Theory: A Commentary.- Substantive Theory.- Procedural Theory.- Modernist Theory in Perspective.- Our Contemporary Design Theories.- Postmodernism, Deconstructivism, and Classicism: Architecture as Art.- Community Architecture: Architecture as Environmental Design?.- The Emergence of Landscape Architecture as Environmental Design and as Art.- The Mainstream of Current Architectural Thought: Modernism.- The Modernists Almost Got It Right.- Implications for Future Research and Applications.- Integrating Art, Environmental Design, and Science: A Normative Theory.- The Role of Environment-Behavior Research: Building the Design Disciplines.- References.- 3 Relationships between Research and Design: A Commentary on Theories.- The Case for Integration.- History.- Misunderstandings.- Useful Knowledge.- The Case for Diversity.- Unpredictable Synthesis.- Variety of Paradigms.- References.- II Advances In Place Research.- 4 Workplace Planning, Design, and Management.- Historical Overview.- 1910-1940: Efficiency and Individual Performance.- 1940-1950: Task Performance and Social Relations.- 1950-1960: Group Dynamics, Communication, and Conflict.- 1960-1970: Focus on the Nonpaying Client.- 1970-1980: Communication, Worker Comfort, and Satisfaction.- The Performance Profile Concept.- Summary of Historical Overview.- Facility Management.- Defining the Field.- Key Organizational Trends.- Five Key Workplace Issues.- Control.- Communication.- Environmental Change Processes.- Performance.- International Influences.- Theory into Practice.- Process: Employee Involvement.- Product: Design Concepts and Solutions.- The Acceptability Factor and the Enculturation Process.- Implications for Future Research and Applications.- References.- 5 American Vernacular Architecture.- Defining Vernacular Architecture.- Vernacular and Elite.- Vernacular Past and Present.- Ideology: The Hidden Agenda.- Silent Artifacts and Common People: The "New History".- Vernacular Exceptionalism: The New Romanticism.- Paradigms: The Acknowledged Agenda.- Artifact and Meaning: What It Is and What It Means.- Building Dominance and Theory Subordinance: Artifact Positivism.- Pluralism of Content, Theory, and Method: A Populist Strategy.- Pattern in Building: Variations on a Theme.- Implications for Future Research and Applications.- Functional Categories: Organizing the Field.- Demographics: Numbers Count.- Popular Architecture: Between Elite and Vernacular.- Conclusion.- References.- III Advances In User Group Research.- 6 Homes for Children in a Changing Society.- Methodological Issues in Child-Environment Research.- The Home Interior.- Stimulus Levels in the Home.- Housing Design.- The Meaning of Home.- Access to the Outdoors: Transitional Spaces.- Access to Diverse Spaces.- Outdoor Access from High-Rise Housing.- Outdoor Access for Latchkey Children.- Children's Participation in Design.- Implications for Future Research and Applications.- Research Integration.- New Research Directions.- Research Dissemination.- References.- IV Advances In Sociobehavioral Research.- 7 Environmental Meaning.- Two Approaches to the Study of Environmental Meaning.- The Origins of the Semiotic Approach to Research on Environmental Meaning.- Environmental Meaning in Semiotics.- The Contribution of Greimas.- Settlement Space.- Urban Culture.- Architectural Semiotics.- Conclusions on the Semiotic Approach.- The Origins of Environmental Psychology and Its Research on Environmental Meaning.- Environmental Meaning in Environmental Psychology.- Environmental Cognition.- The Organismic-Developmental Perspective.- A Microtheory of Environmental Meaning.- Conclusions on the Environmental Psychology Approach.- Outlook on the Future: Environmental Meaning in an Ecological Perspective.- An Ecological Approach to Meaning: The Theory of Affordances.- Some Affordances Which Are Independent of Surface Layout.- The Meaning of Surfaces and Their Layouts.- Conclusions on the Ecological Approach.- Implications for Future Research and Applications.- References.- V Advances In Research Utilization.- 8 Participatory and Action Research Methods.- Action and Participation.- Action Research: Origins and Preliminary Definition.- Participation and Participatory Research.- Frameworks for Participation.- A Social Framework.- A Communication Framework.- Case Studies.- Case I: Casalta II-Reconstruction following a Landslide.- Case II: Locally Improved Grain Storage in a Tanzanian Village.- Case III: Elderly Housing and a Community Center for the Texas Farm Workers' Union.- Case IV: Planning Primary Health Care in Western Kenya.- Case V: Community Land-Use Management in Ecuador.- Implications for Future Research and Applications.- References.- 9 Design Research in the Swamp: Toward a New Paradigm.- Design-Decision Research.- How is Design-Decision Research Different from Action Research?.- What Is Design-Decision Research?.- Who Does Design-Decision Research?.- When Does Design-Decision Research Occur?.- How Are Design-Decision Research Results Presented?.- Why Are These Changes in Design Research Taking Place?.- Implications for Future Research and Applications: Will We Stay in the Swamp?.- References.- 10 "Einstein's Theory" of Environment-Behavior Research: A Commentary on Research Utilization.- The "Theory".- The "Gap".- A New Paradigm.- The Cautionary Tail.- References.- of Previous Volumes.