Contemporary Issues in Systems Science and Engineering

CONTRIBUTORS xxiii PREFACE xxix I SYSTEMS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING METHODOLOGIES 1 1 A SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABILITY 3 Ali G. Hessami, Feng Hsu, and Hamid Jahankhani 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 A Unified Systems Sustainability Concept 5 1.3 Sustainability Assurance: The Framework 6 1.4 Technological Sustainability Case Study--Information Systems Security 13 1.5 Conclusions 17 2 SYSTEM OF SYSTEMS THINKING IN POLICY DEVELOPMENT: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES 21 Keith W. Hipel, Liping Fang, and Michele Bristow 2.1 Introduction 21 2.3 Complex Adaptive Systems 32 2.4 Risk, Uncertainty, and Unpredictability 37 2.5 System of Systems Modeling and Policy Development 42 2.6 Conclusions 58 3 SYSTEMIC YOYOS: AN INTUITION AND PLAYGROUND FOR GENERAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH 71 Yi Lin, Yi Dongyun, and Zaiwu Gong 3.1 Introduction 71 3.2 Theoretical and Empirical Justifications 81 3.3 Elementary Properties of Yoyo Fields 91 3.4 Applications in Social Sciences 102 3.5 Applications in Economics 113 3.6 Applications in the Foundations of Mathematics 127 3.7 Applications in Extreme Weather Forecast 137 3.8 Conclusions 143 4 GREY SYSTEM: THINKING, METHODS, AND MODELS WITH APPLICATIONS 153 Sifeng Liu, Jeffrey Y.L. Forrest, and Yingjie Yang 4.1 Introduction 153 4.2 Sequence Operators 157 4.3 Grey Incidence Analysis 163 4.4 Grey Cluster Evaluation Models 168 4.5 Grey Prediction Models 176 4.6 Grey Models for Decision-Making 193 4.7 Practical Applications 202 4.8 Introduction to the Software of Grey System Modeling 211 5 BUILDING RESILIENCE: NAVAL EXPEDITIONARY COMMAND AND CONTROL 225 Christopher Nemeth, Thomas Miller, Michael Polidoro, and C. Matthew O'Connor 5.1 Introduction 225 5.2 Expeditionary Operations Command and Control 226 5.3.1 Envisioned World Problem 229 5.4 Discussion 232 5.5 Future Work 236 5.6 Conclusions 237 II LEARNING AND CONTROL 241 6 ADVANCES AND CHALLENGES ON INTELLIGENT LEARNING IN CONTROL SYSTEMS 243 Ching-Chih Tsai, Kao-Shing Hwang, Alan Liu, and Chia-Feng Juang 6.1 Introduction 243 6.2 Reinforcement Learning 245 6.3 Bio-Inspired Evolutionary Learning Control 252 6.4 Intelligent Learning Control Using Fuzzy Neural Networks 254 6.5 Case-Based Reasoning and Learning 257 6.6 Conclusions 260 7 ADAPTIVE CLASSIFIERS FOR NONSTATIONARY ENVIRONMENTS 265 Cesare Alippi, Giacomo Boracchi, Manuel Roveri, Gregory Ditzler, and Robi Polikar 7.1 Introduction 265 7.2 Definition of the Problem 266 7.3 Learning Concept Drifts 268 7.4 Change Detection 272 7.5 Assessing the Performance: Figures of Merit 278 7.6 Conclusions 282 8 MODELING, ANALYSIS, SCHEDULING, AND CONTROL OF CLUSTER TOOLS IN SEMICONDUCTOR FABRICATION 289 Nai Qi Wu, Mengchu Zhou, Feng Chu, and Sayd Mammar 8.1 Introduction 289 8.2 Cluster Tools and Their Operations 290 8.3 Modeling and Performance Evaluation 295 8.4 Single Cluster Tool Scheduling 302 8.5 Scheduling of Multi-cluster Tools 308 8.6 Conclusions 311 9 DESIGN, SIMULATION, AND DYNAMIC CONTROL OF LARGE-SCALE MANUFACTURING PROCESS WITH DIFFERENT FORMS OF UNCERTAINTIES 317 Hyunsoo Lee and Amarnath Banerjee 9.1 Introduction 317 9.2 Background and Literature Review 322 9.3 Different Types of Uncertainties and FCPN-std 327 9.4 Design of Large-Scale Manufacturing Processes 333 9.5 Dynamic Control of Manufacturing Processes 335 9.6 Conclusions 339 10 MODEL IDENTIFICATION AND SYNTHESIS OF DISCRETE-EVENT SYSTEMS 343 Maria Paola Cabasino, Philippe Darondeau, Maria Pia Fanti, and Carla Seatzu 10.1 Introduction 343 10.2 Background on Finite State Automata and Petri Nets 344 10.3 Identification and Synthesis of Languages and Finite State Automata 347 10.4 Identification and Synthesis of Petri Nets 349 10.5 Process Mining and Workflow Problems 361 10.6 Conclusions 363 III HUMAN-MACHINE SYSTEMS DESIGN 367 11 ADVANCES AND CHALLENGES IN INTELLIGENT ADAPTIVE INTERFACE DESIGN 369 Ming Hou, Haibin Zhu, Mengchu Zhou, and Robert Arrabito 11.1 Introduction 369 11.2 Evolution of Interface Technologies and IAI Concept 372 11.3 Challenges of IAI Design, Alternative Solutions, and Empirical Investigations 381 11.4 Multiagent-Based Design and Operator-Agent Interaction 389 11.5 A Generic IAI System Architecture and AIA Components 397 11.6 An IAI and AIA Design: Case Study 405 11.7 Conclusions 415 12 A COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEM OF SYSTEMS APPROACH TO HUMAN-AUTOMATION INTERACTION IN SMART GRID 425 Alireza Fereidunian, Hamid Lesani, Mohammad Ali Zamani, Mohamad Amin Sharifi Kolarijani, Negar Hassanpour, and Sina Sharif Mansouri 12.1 Introduction 425 12.2 Complexity in Systems Science and Engineering 426 12.3 Complex Adaptive Systems 436 12.4 System of Systems 442 12.5 Complex Adaptive System of Systems 453 12.6 Human-Automation Interaction 454 12.7 HAI in Smart Grid as a Casos 462 12.8 Petri Nets for Complex Systems Modeling 467 12.9 Model-Based Implementation of Adaptive Autonomy 471 12.10 Adaptive Autonomy Realization Using Petri Nets 473 12.11 Conclusions 483 13 VIRTUAL TRAINING FOR PROCEDURAL SKILLS DEVELOPMENT: CASE STUDIES AND LESSONS LEARNT 501 Dawei Jia, Asim Bhatti, and Saeid Nahavandi 13.1 Introduction 501 13.2 Related Work 502 13.3 Present Study 505 13.4 Case Study 1 509 13.5 Case Study 2 516 13.6 Lessons Learnt and Future Work 527 13.7 Conclusions 531 14 COMPUTER SUPPORTED COLLABORATIVE DESIGN: TECHNOLOGIES, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS 537 Weiming Shen, Jean-Paul Barthes, and Junzhou Luo 14.1 Introduction 537 14.2 History of Computer Supported Collaborative Design 538 14.3 Methods, Techniques, and Technologies 542 14.4 Collaborative Design Systems 555 14.5 Applications 560 14.6 Research Challenges and Opportunities 561 14.7 Conclusions 564 15 SUPPORT COLLABORATION WITH ROLES 575 Haibin Zhu, Mengchu Zhou, and Ming Hou 15.1 Introduction 575 15.2 Benefits of Roles in Collaboration 577 15.3 Role-Based Collaboration 585 15.4 E-Cargo Model 590 15.5 A Case Study with RBC and E-Cargo 592 15.6 Conclusions 595 IV CLOUD AND SERVICE-ORIENTED COMPUTING 599 16 CONTROL-BASED APPROACHES TO DYNAMIC RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN CLOUD COMPUTING 601 Pengcheng Xiong, Calton Pu, Zhikui Wang, and Gueyoung Jung 16.1 Introduction 601 16.2 Experimental Setup and Application Models 603 16.2.1 Test Bed and Control Architecture for a Multi-Tier Application 604 16.3 Dynamic Resource Allocation Through Utilization Control 607 16.4 Performance Guarantee Through Dynamic Resource Allocation 612 16.5 Conclusions 614 17 A PETRI NET SOLUTION TO PROTOCOL-LEVEL MISMATCHES IN SERVICE COMPOSITION 619 Pengcheng Xiong, Mengchu Zhou, Calton Pu, and Yushun Fan 17.1 Introduction 619 17.2 Modeling Service Interaction with Petri Nets 624 17.3 Protocol-Level Mismatch Analysis 630 17.4 Illustrating Examples 636 17.5 Conclusions 638 18 SERVICE-ORIENTED WORKFLOW SYSTEMS 645 Wei Tan and Mengchu Zhou 18.1 Introduction 645 18.2 Workflow in SOC: State of the Art 647 18.3 Open Issues 652 18.4 Conclusions 656 V SENSING, NETWORKING, AND OPTIMIZATION IN ROBOTICS AND MANUFACTURING 661 19 REHABILITATION ROBOTIC PROSTHESES FOR UPPER EXTREMITY 663 Han-Pang Huang, Yi-Hung Liu, Wei-Chen Lee, Jiun-Yih Kuan, and Tzu-Hao Huang 19.1 Introduction 663 19.2 Rehabilitation Robot Arm and Control 664 19.3 Rehabilitation Robot Hand 678 19.4 Stability of Neuroprosthesis 683 19.5 Conclusions 691 20 ACCELEROMETER-BASED BODY SENSOR NETWORK (BSN) FOR MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS ASSESSMENT AND TRAINING 699 Ming-Yih Lee, Kin Fong Lei, Wen-Yen Lin, Wann-Yun Shieh, Wen-Wei Tsai, Simon H. Fu, and Chung-Hsien Kuo 20.1 Introduction 699 20.2 Body Sensor Network 700 20.3 Information Retrieved from Accelerometer 702 20.4 Recent Advances in Accelerometer-Based BSN 703 20.5 Applications of Accelerometer-Based BSN for Rehabilitation 711 20.6 BSN Simulation System 715 20.7 Conclusions 718 21 TELEPRESENCE ROBOTS FOR MEDICAL AND HOMECARE APPLICATIONS 725 Jun-Ming Lu and Yeh-Liang Hsu 21.1 Introduction 725 21.2 Surgery, Diagnosis, and Consultation 727 21.3 Rehabilitation and Therapy 728 21.4 Monitoring and Assistance 728 21.5 Communication 729 21.6 Key Factors Contributing to the Success of Telepresence Robots 729 21.7 Conclusions 732 22 ADVANCES IN CLIMBING ROBOTS 737 Jizhong Xiao and Hongguang Wang 22.1 Introduction 737 22.2 Technologies for Adhering to Surfaces 738 22.3 Locomotion Techniques of Climbing Robots 755 22.4 Conclusions 759 23 DATA PROCESSING IN CURRENT 3D ROBOTIC PERCEPTION SYSTEMS 767 Cang Ye 23.1 Introduction 767 23.2 An LIDAR-Based Terrain Mapping and Navigation System 771 23.3 FLC-Based Systems 781 23.4 Conclusions 791 24 HYBRID/ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERY MANUFACTURING: THE STATE-OF-THE-ART 795 Claudia P. Arenas Guerrero, Feng Ju, Jingshan Li, Guoxian Xiao, and Stephan Biller 24.1 Introduction 795 24.2 Vehicle Battery Requirements 796 24.3 Hybrid, Plug-In Hybrid, and Electric Vehicle 797 24.4 Battery Technology Development 798 24.5 Nickel-Metal Hydride Battery 799 24.6 Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) Battery 802 24.7 Challenges 810 24.8 Conclusions 812 25 RECENT ADVANCES AND ISSUES IN FACILITY LOCATION PROBLEMS 817 Feng Chu, Zhanguo Zhu, and Sayd Mammar 25.1 Introduction 817 25.2 A Capacitated Plant Location Problem with Multicommodity Flow 819 25.3 A Multitype Transshipment Point Location Problem with Multicommodity Flow 821 25.4 A Large Scale New Variant of Capacitated Clustering Problem 824 25.5 A Location Problem with Selective Matching and Vehicles Assignment 826 25.6 Competitive Facility Location and Design with Reactions of Competitors Already in the Market 828 25.7 Conclusions and Future Research Directions 831 References 832 INDEX 835