Write Time, Write Place: Paragraphs and Essays

Part 1 Writing the College Paragraph and Essay 1

CHAPTER 1 Writing in College 2

Language Choices for College Writing 2

College Writing Assignments 4

The Writing Process 5

Writing Assignments 6

English Success Tip: You Are What You Email: Guidelines for Emailing Your Instructor 8

CHAPTER 2 Prewriting the Paragraph 9

What Is an Academic Paragraph? 9

Prewriting 11

Narrow Your Topic 17

Write the Topic Sentence 18

Writing Assignments 21

English Success Tip: First Impressions: Appearance Does Count 22

CHAPTER 3 Organizing and Drafting the

Paragraph 23

Developing and Organizing Supporting Details 23

Drafting 36

* Paragraph Graphic Organizer 37

Writing Assignments 40

English Success Tip: Paragraph Length 41

CHAPTER 4 Revising, Editing, and

Proofreading the Paragraph 42

Revising 42

Editing and Proofreading 56

Writing Assignments 59

English Success Tip: Ewe Can Knot Rely on You're Spell-Checker 60

CHAPTER 5 Writing the College-Level Essay 61

What Is the College-Level Essay? 61

* Parts of the Essay 62

Writing the College-Level Essay 65

* Parts of the Body

Paragraphs 71

Writing Assignments 75

* Essay Graphic Organizer 76

English Success Tip: The Perils of Padding 78



Part 2 Learning Paragraph and Essay Organization Plans 79

CHAPTER 6 Illustration 80

What Is Illustration? 80

The Illustration Paragraph 83

* Jason's Illustration Paragraph Graphic Organizer 89

* Illustration Graphic Organizer for Multiple Examples 90

* llustration Graphic Organizer

for an Extended Example 91

* Illustration Graphic Organizer 94

Paragraph Writing Assignments 95

The Illustration Essay 97

* Illustration Essay Graphic Organizer 98

Essay Writing Assignments 101

* Illustration Essay Graphic Organizer 102

English Success Tip: Getting Help with Writing 103

CHAPTER 7 Narration 104

What Is Narration? 104

The Narrative Paragraph 106

* Jetty's Narrative Graphic Organizer 110

* Narrative Paragraph Graphic Organizer 112

Paragraph Writing Assignments 117

The Narrative Essay 119

* Myriam's Narrative Essay Graphic Organizer 122

* Narrative Essay Graphic Organizer 124

Essay Writing Assignments 125

English Success Tip: Learn from Your Mistakes with a Writing Improvement Log 126

CHAPTER 8 Description 127

What Is Description? 127

The Descriptive Paragraph 130

* Description Prewriting Chart 133

* Daniel's Description Prewriting Chart 134

* Daniel's Descriptive Paragraph Graphic Organizer 138

* Descriptive Paragraph Graphic Organizer 139

Write a Technical Descriptive Paragraph 144

Paragraph Writing

Assignments 144

The Descriptive Essay 147

* Amy's Descriptive Essay Graphic Organizer 148

* Descriptive Essay Graphic

Organizer 152

Essay Writing Assignments 152

English Success Tip: Using a Thesaurus 153

CHAPTER 9 Process 154

What Is Process? 154

The Process Paragraph 157

* Kyra's How-to Process Graphic Organizer 162

* How-to Process Graphic

Organizer 163

Paragraph Writing Assignments 168

The Process Essay 170

* Allycin's Process Essay Graphic Organizer 172

* Process Essay Graphic Organizer 175

Essay Writing Assignments 176

English Success Tip: Keep a Learning Journal 177

CHAPTER 10 Comparison and Contrast 178

What Is Comparison and Contrast? 178

The Comparison and Contrast Paragraph 181

* Natasha's Contrast Graphic Organizer 185

* Comparison and Contrast Graphic Organizer 186

Paragraph Writing

Assignments 192

The Comparison and Contrast Essay 195

* Kathryn's Point-by-Point

Comparison and Contrast

Essay Graphic Organizer 196

* Point-by-Point Compare/

Contrast Essay Organizer 200

* Subject-by-Subject Compare/Contrast Essay Graphic Organizer 201

Essay Writing Assignments 202

English Success Tip: Keeping a Portfolio of Your Writing 203

CHAPTER 11 Classification 204

What Is Classification? 204

The Classification Paragraph 206

* Sue's Classification Paragraph Graphic Organizer 212

* Classification Paragraph Graphic Organizer 213

Paragraph Writing Assignments 217

The Classification Essay 220

* Nadine's Classification Essay Graphic Organizer 221

* Classification Essay Graphic Organizer 225

Essay Writing Assignments 226

English Success Tip: Strategies to Reduce Writing Anxiety 227

CHAPTER 12 Cause and Effect 228

What Is Cause and Effect? 228

The Cause and Effect Paragraph 231

* Royce's Cause and Effect Prewriting Chart 233

* Cause and Effect Prewriting Chart 233

* Cause and Effect Paragraph Graphic Organizer 239

Paragraph Writing Assignments 243

The Cause and Effect Essay 245

* Royce's Cause and Effect Essay

Graphic Organizer 247

Cause and Effect Essay Example 248

Essay Writing Assignments 251

English Success Tip: Avoiding Common Cause and Effect Errors 252

CHAPTER 13 Definition 253

What Is Definition? 253

The Definition Paragraph 256

* Definition Prewriting Chart 258

* Josh's Extended Definition Paragraph Graphic Organizer 260

Paragraph Writing Assignments 265

The Definition Essay 268

* Jones' Extended Definition Essay Graphic Organizer 270

* Extended Definition Essay

Graphic Organizer 272

Essay Writing Assignments 275

English Success Tip: A New Word Every Day 276

CHAPTER 14 Argument 277

What Is Argument? 277

The Argument Paragraph 279

* Roxanne's For/Against Argument Prewriting Chart 281

* For/Against Argument Prewriting Chart 282

* Roxanne's Argument Paragraph Graphic Organizer 285

* Argument Paragraph Graphic Organizer 287

Paragraph Writing Assignments 290

The Argument Essay 292

* Roxanne's Argument Essay Graphic Organizer 295

* Argument Essay Graphic Organizer 299

Writing Assignments 300

English Success Tip: Improve Your Writing by Reading 301



Part 3 Learning Other College Writing Assignments 303

CHAPTER 15 Writing under Pressure 304

What Is Timed Writing? 304

How to Approach Timed Writing:

The 5 Ps 305

How to Manage Your Time 308

Timed Writing Examples 309

Writing Assignments 311

English Success Tip: Build Timed Writing Confidence with Practice 312

CHAPTER 16 Writing a Summary and

Summary-Response Essay 313

What Is a Summary Essay? 313

Preparing to Write a Summary Essay 313

* Summary Notes Organizerr 315

Writing an Objective Summary Essay 316

Writing a Summary-Response Essay 318

* Reader Response Notes Organizer 319

Avoiding Plagiarism 320

Writing Assignments 323

English Success Tip: Summarize to Learn 324

CHAPTER 17 Using Research in College Writing 325

What Is Research? 325

Finding Sources 327

Evaluating Sources 329

Taking Notes from Sources 332

Adding Source Information and Giving Credit 335

Listing Sources: MLA Works Cited 337

Writing Assignments 347

English Success Tip: Signaling the Author 348



Part 4 Building Powerful Sentences 349

CHAPTER 18 Simple Sentences 350

Theme: Business 350

What Is a Simple Sentence? 350

Finding the Subject 351

Identifying Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases 353

Finding the Verb 354

Simple Sentences with Harder-to-Find Subjects and Verbs 358

Writing Assignment 361

CHAPTER 19 Joining Ideas Using Compound Sentences 362

Theme: Communication 362

What Is a Compound Sentence? 362

Building Compound Sentences 363

Writing Assignments 371

CHAPTER 20 Joining Ideas Using Complex Sentences 372

Theme: Health and Wellness 372

What Is a Complex Sentence? 372

Building Complex Sentences with Subordinating Conjunctions 373

Building Complex Sentences with Relative Pronouns 377

Writing Assignment 383

CHAPTER 21 Correcting Fragments, Comma Splices, and Run-ons 384

Theme: Astronomy 384

What Are Fragments, Comma Splices, and Run-ons? 384

Correcting Fragments 386

Correcting Comma Splices and

Run-ons 390

Writing Assignment 394



Part 5 Building Grammar Skills 395

CHAPTER 22 Subject-Verb Agreement 396

Theme: Sociology 396

What is Subject-Verb Agreement? 396

Present Tense Verbs 397

Subject-Verb Agreement with Singular Subjects 398

Subject-Verb Agreement with Plural Subjects 400

Subject-Verb Agreement with Other Subjects 402

Subject-Verb Agreement with Helping Verbs 405

Writing Assignments 407

CHAPTER 23 Past Tense 408

Theme: Humanities 408

What Is the Past Tense? 408

Past Tense Forms 409

Questions and Negative Sentences 413

Writing Assignment 415

CHAPTER 24 Past Participles 416

Theme: Criminal Justice 416

What Is a Past Participle? 416

Regular and Irregular Past Participles 417

The Present Perfect Tense 421

The Past Perfect Tense 422

Passive Voice 424

Past Participles as Adjectives 426

Writing Assignments 428

CHAPTER 25 Pronouns 429

Theme: Music 429

What Is a Pronoun? 429

Pronoun Case 430

Pronoun-Antecedent

Agreement 436

Pronoun Reference 441

Writing Assignment 443

CHAPTER 26 Nouns and Noun Markers 444

Theme: Travel and Tourism 444

What Is a Noun? 444

Types of Nouns 445

Singular and Plural Nouns 446

Noun Markers 451

Writing Assignment 455

CHAPTER 27 Adjectives and Adverbs 456

Theme: Culinary Arts 456

What Are Adjectives and

Adverbs? 456

Adjectives 457

Adverbs 460

Using Adjectives and Adverbs Correctly 462

Comparatives and

Superlatives 463

Writing Assignment 467



Part 6 Using Correct Punctuation, Mechanics, and Spelling 469

CHAPTER 28 Commas, Semicolons, and Colons 470

Theme: Business and Marketing 470

What Are Commas, Semicolons, and Colons? 470

Commas 471

Semicolons 477

Colons 478

Writing Assignment 480

CHAPTER 29 Other Marks of Punctuation 481

Theme: Fashion 481

What Are Other Marks of Punctuation? 481

Apostrophes 482

Quotation Marks 486

Hyphens, Dashes, and Parentheses 490

Writing Assignment 492

CHAPTER 30 Spelling and Capitalization 493

Theme: World Geography 493

What Are Spelling and Capitalization? 493

Spelling 494

Capitalization 500

Writing Assignment 504



Part 7 Improving Your Writing 507

CHAPTER 31 Concise and Appropriate Words 508

Theme: Business

Communications 508

What Are Concise and Appropriate Words? 508

Choose Concise Words 509

Choose Appropriate Words 512

Commonly Confused Words 514

Writing Assignment 522

CHAPTER 32 Parallelism 523

Theme: Nursing 523

What Is Parallelism? 523

Words, Phrases, or Clauses in Pairs 524

Words or Phrases in a Series, List, or Outline 525

Writing Assignments 528



Part 8 Reading 529

CHAPTER 33 Active Reading 530

What Is Active Reading? 531

Stage 1. Get Ready to Read 531

* Prereading Graphic Organizer 532

* Tori's Prereading Graphic Organizer 533

Stage 2. Understand the Reading 534

Stage 3. Remember and React to the Reading 537

* Reading Map 538

* Tori's Reading Map 539



Readings 537

Family Studies

Theme: Singlehood 541

Kelly J. Welch, excerpt from Family Life Now 541

Eleanore Wells, excerpt from The Spinsterlicious Life: 20 Life Lessons for Living Happily Single and Child-free 543

Sociology

Theme: Peer Pressure 549

James M. Henslin, excerpt from Essentials of Sociology, "The Power of Peer Pressure: The Asch Experiment" 549

Julia Alvarez, "Names/Nombres" 552

History

Theme: The Holocaust 557

Robert A. Devine et al., excerpt from America Past and Present, "The Face of the Holocaust" 557

Elie Wiesel, excerpt from Night 561

Hospitality

Theme: Guest Service 564

John R. Walker, Excerpt from Introduction to Hospitality Management, "The Disney Approach to Guest Services" 564

Jane Engle, "Server Tips: How to Get More Out of Customers" 567

Biology

Theme: The Science of Attraction 572

Teresa Audesirk, Gerald Audesirk, and Bruce E. Byers, Excerpt from Biology, "Sex and Symmetry" 572

David Perrett, "Why Women Fall for Men Who Look like Their Father . . . and Other Astonishing

Secrets of the Science of Attraction" 575

Health and Wellness

Theme: Mind-Body Connection 581

B. E. Pruitt, John P. Allegrante, and Deborah Prothrow-Stith, excerpt from Health, "Stages of Stress" 581

Daniel G. Amen, M.D., "Kill the Ants That Invade Your Brain" 584

Anthropology

Theme: Race 587

Carol R. Ember, Melvin Ember, and Peter N. Peregrine, Excerpt from Anthropology Race: A Meaningless Idea 587

Charisse Jones, "Light Skin Versus Dark" 590

Education

Theme: Classroom

Management 594

Don Kauchak and Paul Eggen, Excerpt from Introduction to Teaching, "What Role Should Punishment Play in Classroom Management?" 594

Alan Bloom, Making Cell Phones in the Class a Community Builder 597

Credits

Index