TNM Supplement

Preface Organizations associated with the TNM System National Committees Acknowledgments Abbreviations Chapter 1 EXPLANATORY NOTES - General The General Rules of the TNM System General Rule No. 1 General Rule No. 2 General Rule No. 3 General Rule No. 4 General Rule No. 5 The TNM Clinical and Pathological Classifications T/pT Classification Regional Lymph Nodes N/pN Classification Sentinel Lymph Node M Classification Who Is Responsible for TNM Coding? The Significance of X Stage Grouping Residual Tumour (R) Classification Additional Descriptors m symbol y symbol r symbol, recurrent tumour a symbol L Classification V Classification Pn Perineural invasion Symbols for describing methods of staging Unknown primary Staging of Tumours for Which No TNM Classification Is Provided Histopathological Grading References Chapter 2 EXPLANATORY NOTES - Specific anatomical sites Head and Neck Tumours General Anatomy Extension to Adjacent Sites Regional Lymph Nodes T Classification N Classification Lip and Oral Cavity Lip Oral Cavity Pharynx Oropharynx Nasopharynx Hypopharynx Larynx Anatomical Definitions Superior and Inferior Boundaries of the Glottis Pathological Criteria of Impaired Vocal Cord Mobility or Vocal Cord Fixation Associated Carcinoma in situ Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses Salivary Glands Thyroid Digestive System Tumours Rules for Classification Oesophagus Stomach Anatomy Regional Lymph Nodes T Classification Small intestine Colon and Rectum Anatomical Sites arid Subsites Local Recurrence Regional Lymph Nodes T/pT Classification N/pN Classification M Classification Anal Canal Rules for Classification T Classification Liver Rules for Classification Regional Lymph Nodes T/pT Classification Gallbladder Extrahepatic Bile Ducts Anatomical Subsites Ampulla of Vater Pancreas T Classification Regional Lymph Nodes Lung Rules for classification T Classification M Classification Small Cell Carcinoma Pleural Mesothelioma Bone Tumours and Soft Tissue Tumours Skin Tumours Carcinoma of Skin Carcinoma of eyelid of skin Malignant Melanoma of Skin Rules for Classification pT Classification of Malignant Melanoma N Classification Merkel cell carcinoma of skin Breast Tumours Rules for Classification Regional Lymph Nodes T Classification N/pN Classification Gynaecological Tumours Vulva Vagina Cervix Uteri Corpus Uteri Grading Ovary N Classification M Classification Fallopian Tube Gestational Trophohlastic Tumours Urological Tumours Penis Prostate T Classification Testis Kidney Renal Pelvis and Ureter Urinary Bladder Recurrent Carcinoma after Cystectomy and Ureterosigmoidostomy Urethra Ophthalmic Tumours Carcinoma of Eyelid Carcinoma of Conjunctiva Malignant Melanoma of Conjunctiva Uvea Malignant Melanoma Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas Appendix References Chapter 3 Site-Specific Requirements for pT and pN Introduction Head and Neck Tumours pT - Primary Tumour pN - Regional Lymph Nodes Thyroid Gland Digestive System Tumours pT - Primary Tumour pN - Regional Lymph Nodes Lung and Pleural Tumours pT - Primary Tumour pN -Regional Lymph Nodes Tumours of Bone and Soft Tissues pT - Primary Tumour pN - Regional Lymph Nodes Skin Tumours pT- Primary Tumour pN - Regional Lymph Nodes Breast Tumours pT - Primary Tumour pN - Regional Lymph Nodes Gynaecological Tumours pT - Primary Tumour pN - Regional Lymph Nodes Urological Tumours pT - Primary Tumour pN - Regional Lymph Nodes Ophthalmic Tumours pT - Primary Tumour pN - Regional Lymph nodes Hodgkin Lymphoma and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma References Chapter 4 New TNM Classifications Recommended for Testing Introduction General Pn - Perineural invasion Specific Gastrointestinal Sarcomas Malignant Thymic epithelial tumours Cranial and Facial Bones Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (Excluding Lip, Eyelid, Vulva and Penis) Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Primary Liver Carcinoma in Infants and Children Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Carcinoma Gastrointestinal Malignant Lymphomas References Chapter 5 Optional Proposals for Testing New Telescopic Ramifications of TNM All tumour sites Fixation of Lymph Nodes Markers of Residual Tumour Head and Neck Tumours Thyroid Gland T Classification Digestive System Tumours M Classification Oesophagus T Classification N Classification Stomach T Classification N Classification Colon and Rectum pT Classification Liver N Classification Lung Tumours M Classification Stage Grouping of Lung Tumours Tumours of Bone and Soft Tissues Bone T Classification Skin Tumours Carcinoma of Skin T Classification Gynaecological Tumours Cervix Uteri N Classification M Classification Urological Tumours Penis T Classification Prostate T Classification M Classification Kidney T Classification References Chapter 6 Frequently Asked Questions General Questions In Situ Carcinoma Clinical and Pathological Stage R Classification R Classification and Tis Positive Cytology T0 and TX Synchronous Tumours Single Tumour Cells and Micrometastasis in Lymph Nodes Number of Lymph Nodes Pathological Assessment of Distant Metastasis Classification of Brain Tumours Classification of Primary Peritoneal Neoplasms Pathological versus Clinical TNM When in Doubt Tumour Cells in Lymphatics Tumour Spillage Simultaneous Tumours Direct Spread N versus M Unknown Primary MCC versus U ICC TNM Sentinel Lymph Node Site Specific Questions Larynx Oesophagus Colon and Rectum Lung Breast Corpus uteri Ovary versus Uterus Ovary Prostate Kidney Bladder References