Rapid Perioperative Care

Preface ix Acknowledgements xi Abbreviations xiii Section 1 Preoperative Preparation 1 Paul Wicker 1 The Role of the Anaesthetic Practitioner 3 2 The Role of the Surgical Practitioner 7 3 The Role of the Recovery Practitioner 11 4 Preoperative Assessment of Perioperative Patients 14 5 Perioperative Patient Care 21 6 Operating Theatre Attire and Personal Protective Equipment 27 7 Surgical Safety Checklist 29 8 Teaching Students How to Use Operating Theatre Equipment 32 9 Perioperative Equipment 37 10 Managing Perioperative Medication 41 11 Interprofessional Learning and Collaboration 46 12 Preventing Surgical Site Infection 49 13 Skin Preparation for Surgery 52 References and Further Reading 54 Section 2 Anaesthesia 65 Paul Wicker 14 Preoperative Evaluation of the Anaesthetic Patient 67 15 Preparing Anaesthetic Equipment 70 16 Checking the Anaesthetic Machine 74 17 Anatomy and Physiology: The Cardiovascular System 78 18 Anatomy and Physiology: The Lungs 82 19 General Anaesthesia 85 20 Local Anaesthesia 89 21 Regional Anaesthesia 93 22 Rapid Sequence Induction 96 23 Total Intravenous Anaesthesia (TIVA) 101 24 Airway Management 104 25 General Anaesthetic Pharmacology 109 26 Intraoperative Fluid Management 112 27 Monitoring Perioperative Patients 115 References and Further Reading 118 Section 3 Surgical Specialities 129 Sara Dalby 28 Laparoscopic Surgery 131 29 Vascular Surgery 134 30 Cardiothoracic Surgery 138 31 Orthopaedics and Trauma 143 32 Gynaecology Surgery 148 33 Plastic Surgery 153 34 Urology 157 35 Breast Surgery 161 36 Endocrine Surgery 165 37 Colorectal Surgery 168 38 Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery 174 39 Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery 178 References and Further Reading 183 Section 4 Surgical Scrub Skills 191 Sara Dalby 40 Basic Surgical Instrumentation 193 41 Surgical Positioning 196 42 Thermoregulation 201 43 Skin Preparation 205 44 Surgical Draping 208 45 Surgical Site Marking 210 46 Swab Counts, Sharps and Instrument Checks 213 47 Measures to Prevent Wound Infection 217 48 Electrosurgery 221 49 Wound Healing and Dressings 225 50 Bladder Catheterisation 229 51 Tourniquet Management 232 52 Haemostatic Techniques 236 53 Surgical Drains 241 54 Handling of Specimens 245 References and Further Reading 248 Section 5 Surgical Assisting 257 Sara Dalby 55 Legal, Professional and Ethical Issues 259 56 Surgical First Assistant 263 57 Surgical Care Practitioner 265 58 Pre and Postoperative Visiting 269 59 Retraction 273 60 Cutting of Sutures 276 61 Suture Materials 278 62 Surgical Needles 282 63 Wound Closure 285 64 Suturing Methods 287 65 Alternative Methods of Wound Closure 290 66 Injection of Local Anaesthetic for Wound Infiltration 293 67 Injection of Local Anaesthetic for Wound Infiltration - Caution and Complications 297 68 Camera Holding 301 References and Further Reading 304 Section 6 Recovery 311 Paul Wicker 69 Recovery Room Design 313 70 Patient Handover 317 71 Postoperative Patient Care 320 72 Postoperative Patient Monitoring and Equipment 324 73 Maintaining the Airway 330 74 Diagnosis and Management of Postoperative Infection 334 75 Postoperative Pain Management 337 76 Fluid Balance in Postoperative Patients 340 77 Postoperative Medications 343 78 Managing Bleeding Problems 347 79 Managing Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting 350 80 Critical Issues in Postoperative Care 354 81 Enhanced Recovery 357 References and Further Reading 362 Section 7 Perioperative Critical Care 375 Paul Wicker 82 Critical Care Nurses and Practitioners Roles 377 83 Management of the Critically Ill Surgical Patient 380 84 Malignant Hyperthermia 383 85 Inadvertent Hypothermia 386 86 Congestive Heart Failure 391 87 Venous Thromboembolism 397 88 Latex Allergy 402 89 Pressure Ulcers 406 90 Managing Diabetes in Perioperative Patients 412 91 Smoking, Alcohol and Drug Abuse 416 92 Perioperative Care of Elderly Patients 419 93 Anaemia, Coagulopathy and Bleeding 423 94 Care of Morbidly Obese Patients 426 References and Further Reading 431 Index 443