
The Biliary System
Second Edition
Morgan and Claypool Life Sciences (Publisher)
2nd Edition
Published on 15. December 2016
Book
Paperback/Softback
178 pages
978-1-61504-737-6 (ISBN)
Description
The liver is a vital organ involved in numerous metabolic processes such as cholesterol and bile acid metabolism, biliary lipid secretion, and bile formation. Cholesterol balance across the liver has a crucial effect on influencing plasma total and LDL cholesterol levels and biliary cholesterol concentrations. Cholesterol and bile acid biosyntheses are primarily modulated by negative feedback regulatory mechanisms through the sterol regulatory element-binding protein isoform 2 (SREBP-2) and the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) pathways, respectively. The conversion of cholesterol to bile acids in the liver can balance the fecal excretion of bile acids, which is an important route for the removal of cholesterol from the body. Bile formation begins in the bile canaliculi, and maintenance of the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids results in a continuous secretion of bile. Hepatic secretion of biliary lipids is determined mainly by a group of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters that are located on the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes, which are regulated by various nuclear receptors. Bile acids promote bile flow by their osmotic effects. Also, they are essential for the intestinal absorption of cholesterol, fatty acids, and fat-soluble vitamins and play an important role in aiding the digestion of dietary fat. Bile acids function as signaling molecules and anti-inflammatory agents to regulate lipid, glucose, and energy metabolism by rapidly activating nuclear receptors and cell signaling pathways. This eBook summarizes the progress in the molecular and cellular mechanisms of cholesterol and bile acid metabolism and the physical-chemistry of biliary lipids, with emphasis on biliary lipid metabolism that is regulated by nuclear receptors in the hepatobiliary system.
More details
Series
Edition
2nd Revised edition
Language
English
Place of publication
San Rafael, CA
United States
Publishing group
Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Edition type
Revised edition
Dimensions
Height: 235 mm
Width: 191 mm
Thickness: 10 mm
Weight
363 gr
ISBN-13
978-1-61504-737-6 (9781615047376)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Classification
Persons
Saint Louis University School of Medicine
Content
- Introduction
- Anatomy of the Liver, Biliary Tract, and Gallbladder
- Physical Chemistry of Bile
- Hepatic Cholesterol Metabolism
- Physical Chemistry and Hepatic Metabolism of Bile Acids
- The Enterohepatic Circulation of Bile Acids
- Hepatic Secretion of Biliary Lipids and Bile Formation
- Cholesterol Crystallization and Gallstone Formation
- Summary
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Author Biographies
- Anatomy of the Liver, Biliary Tract, and Gallbladder
- Physical Chemistry of Bile
- Hepatic Cholesterol Metabolism
- Physical Chemistry and Hepatic Metabolism of Bile Acids
- The Enterohepatic Circulation of Bile Acids
- Hepatic Secretion of Biliary Lipids and Bile Formation
- Cholesterol Crystallization and Gallstone Formation
- Summary
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Author Biographies