Design of Analog Filters

PREFACE; 1. Introduction; 1.1 Fundamentals; 1.2 Types of Filters and Descriptive Terminology; 1.4 Why We Use Analog Filters; Problems; 2. Operational Amplifiers; 2.1 Operational Amplifier Models; 2.2 Op-Amp Slew Rate; 2.3 The Operational Amplifier with Resistive Feedback-Non-Inverting and Inverting Amplifiers; 2.4 Analysis Op-Amp Circuits; 2.5 Block Diagrams and Feedback; 2.6 The Voltage Follower; 2.7 Addition and Subtraction; 2.8 Applications of Op-Amp Resistor Circuits; Problems; 3. First-Order Filters: Bilinear Transfer Functions and Frequency Response; 3.1 Bilinear Transfer Functions and Its Parts; 3.2 Realization with Passive Elements; 3.3 Bode Plots; 3.4 Active Realizations; 3.5 The Effect of A(s); 3.6 Cascade Design; 3.8 And Now Design; Problems; 4. Second-Order Lowpass and Bandpass Filters; 4.1 Design Parameters - Q and W; 4.2 The Second-Order Circuits; 4.3 Frequency Response of Lowpass and Bandpass Circuits; 4.4 Integrators - The Effects of A(s); 4.5 Other Biquads; Problems; 5. Second-Order Filters with Arbitrary Transmission Zeroes; 5.1 Using Summing; 5.2 By Voltage FeedForward; 5.3 Cascade Design Revisited; Problems; 6. Lowpass Filters with Maximally Flat Magnitude; 6.1 The Ideal Lowpass Filter; 6.2 Butterworth Response; 6.3 Butterworth Pole Locations; 6.4 Lowpass Filter Specifications; 6.5 Arbitrary Transmission Zeroes; Problems; 7. Lowpass Filters with Maximally Flat Magnitude; 7.1 Lissajou Figures; 7.2 The Chebyshev Magnitude Response; 7.3 Location of Chebyshev Poles; 7.4 Comparison of Maximally Flat and Equal-Ripple Responses; 7.5 Chebyshev Filter Design; Problems; 8. Inverse Chebyshev and Cauer Filters; 8.1 The Inverse Chebyshev Response; 8.2 From Specifications to Pole and Zero Locations; 8.3 Cauer Magnitude Response; 8.4 Chebyshev Rational Functions; 8.5 Cauer Filter Design; 8.6 Comparison of the Classical Filter Responses; Problems; 9. Frequency Transmission; 9.1 Lowpass-to-Highpass Transformation; 9.2 Lowpass-to-Highpass Transformation; 9.3 Lowpass-to-Band-Elimination Transformation; 9.4 Lowpass-to-Multiple Passband Transformation; 9.5 The Foster Reactance Function; Problems; 10. Delay Filters; 10.1 Time Delay and Transfer Functions; 10.2 Bessel-Thomson Response; 10.3 Bessel Polynomials; 10.4 Further Comparisons of Responses; 10.5 Design of Bessel-Thomson Filters; 10.6 Equal-Ripple Delay Response; 10.7 Approxmating an Ideal Delay Function; 10.8 Improving High-Frequency Attenuation Generating Gain Boosts; Problems; 11. Delay Equalization; 11.1 Equalization Procedures; 11.2 Equalization with First-Order Modules; 11.3 Equalization with Second-Order Modules; 11.4 Estimating the Number of Sections Needed for Equalization; Problems; 12. Sensitivity; 12.1 Definition of Bode Sensitivity; 12.2 Second-Order Sections; 12.3 High-Order Filters; Problems; 13. LC Ladder Filters; 13.1 Some Properties of Lossless Ladders; 13.2 A Synthesis Strategy; 13.3 Tables for Other Responses; 13.4 General Ladder Design Methods; 13.5 Frequency Transformation; 13.6 Design of Passive Equalizers; Problems; 14. Ladder Simulations by Element Replacement; 14.1 The General Impedance Converter; 14.2 Optimal Design of the GIC; 14.3 Realizing Simple Ladders; 14.4 Gorski-Popiel's Embedding Technique; 14.5 Bruton's FDNR Technique; 14.6 Creativing Negative Components; Problems; 15. Operational Simulations of Ladders; 15.1 Simulation of Lowpass Ladder; 15.2 Design of General Ladders; 15.3 Bandpass Ladders; Problems; 16. Oscillators; 16.1 Unintentional Oscillators; 16.2 The Oscillator Feedback Loop; 16.3 Automatic Gain Control; 16.4 The Wein Bridge Oscillator; 16.5 The RC Phase Shift Oscillator; 16.6 The Active-Bandpass-Filter Oscillator; Problems; 17. Transconductance-C Filters; 17.1 Transconducting Cells; 17.2 Elementary Transconductor Building Blocks; 17.3 First- and Second-Order Filters; 17.4 High-Order Filters; 17.5 Automatic Tuning; Problems; 18. Switched-Capacitor Filters; 18.1 The Moss Switch; 18.2 The Switched Capacitor; 18.3 First-Order Building Blocks; 18.4 Second-Order Building Blocks; 18.5 Sampled-Data Operation; 18.6 Switched-Capacitor First- and Second-Order Sections; 18.7 The Bilinear Transformation; 18.8 Design of Switched-Capacitor Cascade Filters; 18.9 Design of Switched-Capacitor Ladder Filters; Problems; REFERENCES; APPENDICES; A1 Introduction to MATLAB; A2 Introduction to Electronics Workbench