Quick Access, Reference for Writers
5th Edition
Published on 24. August 2006
Book
Paperback/Softback
576 pages
978-0-13-195226-3 (ISBN)
Description
For Freshman-level writing courses, such as Freshman Composition, English Composition, First-Year Writing, Expository Writing, or any course where students need help with the writing.
Now in its fifth edition, Quick Access is written by trusted authors Lynn Troyka and Doug Hesse. Quick Access is a brief, spiral-bound, tabbed (12 tabs) handbook, published in full color. Quick Access is also accompanied by a valuable supplements and media package, including an interactive eBook, a personal writing plan, tutoring, and tools on the Web.
The Troyka/Hesse family of handbooks provides the most balanced coverage of writing process, grammar, research, and topics important to today's students. Both respected teachers and authors, Troyka and Hesse give practical advice to students about the writing they will do in composition courses, in other classes, and in the world beyond. Offering instructors a full range of choices in handbooks, the Troyka/Hesse family of handbooks is available in a variety of formats, including web-based and customized options, so instructors can select the handbook that best fits their course needs.
There are many roads to good writing. Choose the most balanced handbook in the most useful format for you and your students.
Part of the MyCompLab Series
Student edition now availble with MyCompLab and e-book, at no additional cost. Providing more opportunities for practice, assessment and instruction than any similar site, MyCompLab is a dynamic online resource for the Composition course. It offers market-leading tools for improving grammar, writing and research skills with comprehensive results tracking so students and instructors can gauge student progress. Easy to use and easy to integrate into the classroom, MyCompLab engages students as it builds confidence and helps them to be better writers and researchers. MyCompLab is an incredible value for your students - we'll provide them with pre-paid access when they purchase a new Prentice Hall English textbook. Visit MyCompLab at www.mycomplab.com
Now in its fifth edition, Quick Access is written by trusted authors Lynn Troyka and Doug Hesse. Quick Access is a brief, spiral-bound, tabbed (12 tabs) handbook, published in full color. Quick Access is also accompanied by a valuable supplements and media package, including an interactive eBook, a personal writing plan, tutoring, and tools on the Web.
The Troyka/Hesse family of handbooks provides the most balanced coverage of writing process, grammar, research, and topics important to today's students. Both respected teachers and authors, Troyka and Hesse give practical advice to students about the writing they will do in composition courses, in other classes, and in the world beyond. Offering instructors a full range of choices in handbooks, the Troyka/Hesse family of handbooks is available in a variety of formats, including web-based and customized options, so instructors can select the handbook that best fits their course needs.
There are many roads to good writing. Choose the most balanced handbook in the most useful format for you and your students.
Part of the MyCompLab Series
Student edition now availble with MyCompLab and e-book, at no additional cost. Providing more opportunities for practice, assessment and instruction than any similar site, MyCompLab is a dynamic online resource for the Composition course. It offers market-leading tools for improving grammar, writing and research skills with comprehensive results tracking so students and instructors can gauge student progress. Easy to use and easy to integrate into the classroom, MyCompLab engages students as it builds confidence and helps them to be better writers and researchers. MyCompLab is an incredible value for your students - we'll provide them with pre-paid access when they purchase a new Prentice Hall English textbook. Visit MyCompLab at www.mycomplab.com
Reviews / Votes
"This is the best of the brief handbooks available."Dr. Harryette Brown Dallas County Community College
"The strengths of this text are good language level and tone, nice examples of different
types of writing, logical fallacies, essay structure, etc...Strong section on argument, which can be
less than appealing to teach and read about. Your coverage is interesting and useful"
Lisa McRaven Ozarks Technical Community College
"The "Writing to Connect with the World" section reminds students that the need for good
writing continues afterschool...The greatest strength is the ease of use and narrative that
doesn't "talk down" to students."
Ruth Gerick University of Texas Arlington
"I think the handbook is one of the best on the market, which is why NHC adopted it. Strong
examples and in such an engaging format is what makes Quick Access a superior resource."
Joyce Boatright North Harris College
"The acknowledgement of changes in the arena of writing to include more info about the web
and about writing that employs images-this is realistic and useful for today's classes...I plan
to adopt."
Diana Grumbles Southern Methodist University
"The coverage of plagiarism is, in my opinion, excellent."
Joel B. Henderson Chattanooga State Technical Community College
"I think this is the best writing handbook on the market for clear, straightforward, and accurate
demonstration of the writing process. "
Ruth Gerick
University of Texas Arlington
"Quick Access seems to be much more detailed and could better stand alone [than my current
text]. It is very easy to use and takes good consideration of nonnative speaker populations."
Kimberly Strain University of Minnesota
"The ESL Notes add helpful information, expanding the explanation for those who do not speak
English as their first language."
Dorothy Minor Tulsa Community College
"The section on working in the disciplines would almost sell me this book on its own."
Lisa McRaven Ozarks Technical Community College
"I think this text's inclusion of the research checklist, numerous examples, and screen shots - assists in student understanding and sets this text apart from its competitors."
Joel B. Henderson Chattanooga State Technical Community College
More details
Edition
5th edition
Language
English
Place of publication
United States
Publishing group
Pearson Education (US)
Target group
Professional and scholarly
Dimensions
Height: 210 mm
Width: 140 mm
Weight
735 gr
ISBN-13
978-0-13-195226-3 (9780131952263)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Classification
Other editions
New editions
Lynn Quitman Troyka | Doug Hesse
Quick Access Reference for Writers
Book
05/2009
6th Edition
Pearson
€71.98
Article exhausted; check for reprint
Persons
LYNN QUITMAN TROYKA, Professor of Writing, at the City University of New York (CUNY), has taught at Queensborough Community College and in the graduate Language and Literacy program at City College. Former editor of the Journal of Basic Writing, her writing and research appears in major journals and various scholarly collections. She conducts workshops in the teaching of writing. Lynn is co-author of Quick Access Reference for Writers, Fifth Edition, Prentice Hall (2007), QA Compact, First Edition, Prentice Hall (2007), Canadian editions of her Simon & Schuster Handbook for Writers and Quick Access Reference for Writers, Structured Reading, Seventh Edition, Prentice Hall (2007), and Steps in Composition, Eighth Edition, Prentice Hall (2004). Dr. Troyka received the 2001 CCCC Exemplar Award, the highest CCCC award for scholarship, teaching, and service; the Rhetorician of the Year Award; and the TYCA Pickett Award for Service. She is a past chair of the Conference on College Composition and Communication (CCCC); the Two-Year College Association (TYCA) of the National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE); the College Section of NCTE; and the Writing Division of the Modern Language Association. "This information," says Dr. Troyka, "tells what I've done, not who I am. I am a teacher. Teaching is my life's work, and I love it."
DOUG HESSE, Professor of English and Director of Writing at the University of Denver as of fall 2006, previously held several positions at Illinois State University, including Director of the Honors Program, Director of Writing Programs, and Director of the Center for the Advancement of Teaching. Dr. Hesse earned his Ph.D. from the University of Iowa. In addition to teaching at Illinois State, he's also taught at the University of Findlay, Miami University (as Wiepking Distinguished Visiting Professor), and Michigan Tech. Dr. Hesse has had numerous national leadership roles in the teaching of writing. He is past Chair of the Conference on College Composition and Communication (CCCC), the nation's largest professional association of college writing instructors. A past president, as well, of the Council of Writing Program Administrators (WPA), Hesse edited that organization's journal, Writing Program Administration. He is a member of the National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) Executive Committee and the Modern Language Association (MLA) Division on Teaching as a Profession Executive Committee. He is the author of 45 articles and book chapters, in such journals as College Composition and Communication, College English, JAC, Rhetoric Review, the Journal of Teaching Writing, and others, and in such books as Essays on the Essay; Writing Theory and Critical Theory; The Writing Program Administrator's Sourcebook; Literary Nonfiction; The Private, the Public, and the Published; Passions, Pedagogies, and 21st Century Technologies; and others. He is also co-author, with LynnTroyka, of the Quick Access Reference for Writers, Fifth Edition, Prentice Hall (2007) and Quick Access Compact, First Edition, Prentice Hall (2007). Illinois State University named him Outstanding University Researcher. "Of all these accomplishments," says Dr. Hesse, "the one that matters most to me is being named Distinguished Humanities Teacher at Illinois State. That one came from my students and suggests that, in however small a way, I've mattered in their educations and lives."
DOUG HESSE, Professor of English and Director of Writing at the University of Denver as of fall 2006, previously held several positions at Illinois State University, including Director of the Honors Program, Director of Writing Programs, and Director of the Center for the Advancement of Teaching. Dr. Hesse earned his Ph.D. from the University of Iowa. In addition to teaching at Illinois State, he's also taught at the University of Findlay, Miami University (as Wiepking Distinguished Visiting Professor), and Michigan Tech. Dr. Hesse has had numerous national leadership roles in the teaching of writing. He is past Chair of the Conference on College Composition and Communication (CCCC), the nation's largest professional association of college writing instructors. A past president, as well, of the Council of Writing Program Administrators (WPA), Hesse edited that organization's journal, Writing Program Administration. He is a member of the National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) Executive Committee and the Modern Language Association (MLA) Division on Teaching as a Profession Executive Committee. He is the author of 45 articles and book chapters, in such journals as College Composition and Communication, College English, JAC, Rhetoric Review, the Journal of Teaching Writing, and others, and in such books as Essays on the Essay; Writing Theory and Critical Theory; The Writing Program Administrator's Sourcebook; Literary Nonfiction; The Private, the Public, and the Published; Passions, Pedagogies, and 21st Century Technologies; and others. He is also co-author, with LynnTroyka, of the Quick Access Reference for Writers, Fifth Edition, Prentice Hall (2007) and Quick Access Compact, First Edition, Prentice Hall (2007). Illinois State University named him Outstanding University Researcher. "Of all these accomplishments," says Dr. Hesse, "the one that matters most to me is being named Distinguished Humanities Teacher at Illinois State. That one came from my students and suggests that, in however small a way, I've mattered in their educations and lives."
Content
THINKING, READING, AND WRITING CRITICALLY
1 Thinking Like a Writer
1a Why writing is important
1b Thinking like a writer
1c Situation, purpose, and audience
1d Critical thinking
1e Steps in critical thinking
2 Reading Critically
2a Critical reading
2b Steps in critical reading
Determining literal meaning
Making inferences
Making evaluations
2c Close and active reading
2d Systematic reading
Preview
Read
Review
2e Connecting critical reading to writing
3 Distinguishing Between Summary and Synthesis
3a Summarizing
3b Synthesizing
Synthesizing multiple sources
Synthesizing one source
4 Viewing Images Critically
4a Viewing images with a critical eye
5 Writing and Technology
5a Computers and writers
Creating documents
Finding sources
Managing your work
Communicating with others
5b Computers and forms of writing
WRITING PROCESS
6 Getting Started
6a The writing process
6b The purposes for writing
Informing a reader
Persuading a reader
6c The writer's "audience"
Writing for a peer-response group
Writing for an instructor
Writing for a supervisor
6d The writer's tone
6e The writing topic
Selecting your own topic
Narrowing or broadening an assigned topic
6f The "writing situation"
6g Finding ideas
Keeping a journal
Free writing
Chatting
Brainstorming
Asking and answering questions
Clustering
6h Thesis statements
6i Outlining
7 Drafting
7a Writing a first draft
7b Overcoming writer's block
8 Revising, Editing, and Proofreading
8a Revising strategies
8b Using my thesis statement and essay title to revise
8c Editing strategies
8d Proofreading strategies
9 Composing Paragraphs
9a Understanding paragraphs
9b Introductory paragraphs
9c Topic sentences
Starting with a topic sentence
Ending with a topic sentence
Implying a topic sentence
9d Supporting details
9e Coherent paragraphs
Using transitional expressions
Using deliberate repetition and parallelism
9f Body paragraphs
Composing a narration
Composing a description
Describing a process
Composing an example or illustration
Composing a definition
Composing a comparison and contrast
Composing an analysis
Composing a classification
Composing an analogy
Explaining cause and effect
9g Concluding paragraphs
10 Writing to Inform
10a Informative essays
10b Student's informative essay
11 Writing To Argue
11a Understanding argument
11b Choosing a topic and developing a claim
11c Supporting an argument
11d Types of appeals
11e Considering my audience
11f Structuring an argument
11g Logical fallacies
11h Revising argument essays
11i Student's argument essay
WRITING ACROSS THE CURRICULUM
12 An Overview of Writing Across the Curriculum
12a Writing across the curriculum
13 Writing About The Humanities
13a What the humanities are
13b Types of sources
13c Types of papers
Summaries
Syntheses
Responses
Narratives
Interpretations
Critiques
Analyses
13d Documentation styles
14 Writing about Literature
14a What literature is
14b Writing about literature
14c Writing strategies
14d Types of papers
Writing a personal response
Writing an interpretation
Writing a formal analysis
Writing a cultural analysis
14e Rules for writing about literature
Using correct verb tenses
Using your own ideas and using secondary sources
14f Documentation styles
14g Student's literature essay
Working on the assignment
Learning about the poet, Yusef Komunyakaa
Student's essay about literature
15 Writing in the Social Sciences
15a What the social sciences are
15b Types of sources
Surveys and questionnaires
Observations
Interviews
Experiments
15c Purposes and practices
15d Types of papers
Case studies
Research reports
Research papers (or reviews of the literature)
15e Documentation styles
16 Writing for the Natural Sciences
16a What the natural sciences are
16b Purposes and practices
16c Types of papers
Science reports
Science reviews
16d Documentation style
17 Writing Under Pressure
17a Practicing under strict time limits
17b Preparing for essay exams
18 Making Oral Presentations and Using Multimedia
18a What oral presentations are
18b Focusing on purpose
18c Adapting for my listening audience
18d Organizing a presentation
Introducing yourself and your topic
Following your road map
Wrapping up your presentation
18e Appropriate language and tone
18f Incorporating multimedia
Using traditional visual aids
Using electronic media
Planning for multimedia in your presentation
18g Presentation styles
Memorizing your presentation
Reading your presentation
Mapping your presentation
18h Effective voice
18i Nonverbal communication
18j Overcoming stage fright
18k Collaborative presentations
WRITING TO CONNECT WITH THE WORLD
19 Writing for Work
19a Workplace writing purposes
19b Features of work-related correspondence
19c Work-related e-mail
19d Netiquette
19e Memos
19f Business letters
19g Other business documents
Formatting and writing a proposal
19h Resumes
19i Job application letters
20 Public Writing
20a What public writing is
20b Public reports
20c Public letters
20d Other public writing
20e Blogs
21 Designing Documents
21a About document design
21b Basic design principles
21c Designing with text
Highlighting text
Justifying
Indentation
21d Headings
21e Visuals
Charts, graphs, and tables
Images
21f Page layout
Using white space
22 Writing for the Web
22a Web sites and Web pages
22b The Web writing process
22c Web site content
22d Web site structure
22e Web page design
22f Web writing software
22g Images in Web pages
22h Editing and testing usability
22i Displaying Web pages
Finding space on the Web
Uploading image or sound files
22j Maintaining Web sites
RESEARCH
23 Starting a Research Project
23a What research writing is
23b Choosing a research topic
23c What a research question is
23d Planning a research project
23e What a research log is
24 Developing a Search Strategy
24a Search strategies
24b Sources
24c Field research
Observing and surveying
Interviewing an expert
24d Documentation styles
24e Working bibliographies
24f Annotated bibliographies
24g Content notes
25 Finding and Evaluating Library-Based Sources
25a Finding library-based resources
25b Using databases
Using keywords
Using guided searches
Using Boolean expressions
25c Finding books
25d Finding periodicals
Locating the articles themselves
25e Using reference works
General reference works
Specialized reference works
25f Finding sources outside the library
25g Finding government documents
25h Evaluating sources
26 Researching the Web Wisely
26a Reasons to use the Web "wisely"
26b Searching the Web
26c Using keywords
26d Using subject directories
26e Evaluating Web sources
26f Information from Web sources
27 Using Sources and Avoiding Plagiarism
27a What plagiarism is
27b Avoiding plagiarism
27c Avoid plagiarism with Internet sources
27d What not to document
27e Integrating sources
27f Using quotations effectively
Making quotations fit smoothly with your sentences
Using brackets to add words
Using ellipsis to delete words
Integrating author names, source titles, and other information
27g Good paraphrases
27h Good summaries
27i Verbs for weaving source material
28 Drafting and Revising a Research Paper
28a Writing process and research papers
28b Drafting a research paper
28c Revising a research paper
MLA DOCUMENTATION
29 MLA In-Text Citations
29a What MLA documentation style is
29b What MLA parenthetical documentation is
29c MLA guidelines for in-text citations
29d MLA guidelines for commentary or bibliographic notes
30 MLA Works Cited List
30a MLA guidelines for a Works Cited list
30b MLA guidelines for sources in a Works Cited list
31 A Student's MLA-STYLE Research Paper
31a MLA format guidelines for research papers
General instructions-MLA
Order of parts-MLA
Name-and-page number lines for all pages-MLA
First page-MLA
Set-off quotations-MLA
Notes-MLA
Works Cited list-MLA
31b A student's MLA-style research paper
MLA IN-TEXT CITATIONS DIRECTORY
MLA WORKS CITED LIST DIRECTORY
APA, CM, AND CSE DOCUMENTATION
32 APA In-Text Citations
32a What APA documentation style is
32b What APA parenthetical in-text citations are
Formatting long quotations
Multiple citations in one paragraph
32c APA guidelines for in-text citations
32d APA guidelines for writing an abstract
32e APA guidelines for content notes
33 APA References List
33a APA guidelines for a References list
33b APA guidelines for sources in a References list
34 A Student's APA-Style Paper
34a APA format guidelines for research papers
General instructions-APA
Order of parts-APA
Title-and-page number line for all pages-APA
Title page-APA
Abstract-APA
Set-off quotations-APA
References list-APA
Notes-APA
34b A student's APA-style research paper
35 CM-Style Documentation
35a What CM style documentation is
The full bibliographic note system in CM style
The abbreviated bibliographic note system, plus bibliography, in CM style
35b CM guidelines for bibliographic notes
CM-Style Directory
36 CSE-Style Documentation
36a What CSE style documentation is
36b CSE guidelines for sources in a list of references
CSE-Style Directory
APA IN-TEXT CITATIONS DIRECTORY
APA REFERENCES LIST DIRECTORY
GRAMMAR BASICS
37 Parts of Speech and Parts of Sentences
Parts of Speech
37a Nouns
37b Pronouns
37c Verbs
37d Verbals
37e Adjectives
37f Adverbs
37g Prepositions
37h Conjunctions
37i Interjections
Parts of Sentences
37j Subjects and predicates
37k Direct and indirect objects
37l Complements, modifiers, and appositives
Recognizing complements
Recognizing modifiers
Recognizing appositives
37m Phrases
37n Clauses
Recognizing independent clauses
Recognizing dependent clauses
37o Sentence types
38 Verbs
38a How verbs function
38b Forms of main verbs
Regular verbs
Irregular verbs
-s form of verbs
38c Auxiliary verbs
38d Using lie or lay
38e Verb tenses
Simple present tense
Tense sequence
38f Indicative, imperative, and subjunctive moods
if, as if, as though, and unless clauses
that clauses
38g "Voice" in verbs
39 Subject-Verb Agreement
39a What subject-verb agreement is
39b Ignoring words between a subject and its verb
one of the
36c Verbs when and connect subjects
each and every
36d Verbs when or connects subjects
36e Verbs with indefinite pronouns
36f Verbs with who, which, and that
36g Verbs with one of the . . . who
36h Other complicated cases
Inverted word order
Expletive constructions
Subject complements
Collective nouns
"Amount" subjects
Singular subjects in plural form
Titles, terms, and plurals representing a single unit
40 Pronouns: Agreement, Reference, and Case
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
40a What pronoun-antecedent agreement is
40b Pronouns when and connects antecedents
40c Pronouns when or connects antecedents
40d Pronouns when antecedents are indefinite pronouns
40e Pronouns when antecedents are collective pronouns
Pronoun Reference
40f Avoiding unclear pronoun reference
40g Pronouns with it, that, this, and which
40h Using you for direct address
40i Using who, which, and that
Pronoun Case
40j Pronoun case
40k Personal pronouns
40l Selecting the correct case
40m Case when and connects pronouns
40n Matching case in appositives
40o Subjective case after linking verbs
40p Using who, whoever, whom, and whomever
40q Case after than and as
40r Case with infinitives and -ing words
40s Case for -self pronouns
41 Adjectives and Adverbs
41a Differences between adjectives and adverbs
41b Using adverbs and not adjectives as modifiers
41c Double negatives
41d Adjectives or adverbs after linking verbs
bad and badly
good and well
41e Comparative and superlative forms
Regular forms
Irregular forms
41f Nouns as modifiers
TIPS FOR MULTILINGUAL WRITERS
Message from Lynn Troyka and Doug Hesse to Multilingual Writers
42 Singulars and Plurals
42a Count and noncount nouns
42b Determiners with singular and plural nouns
42c Nouns used as adjectives
43 Articles
43a Singular count nouns
43b Count and noncount nouns
Plural count nouns
Noncount nouns
Plural and noncount nouns
43c Using the with proper nouns
44 Word Order
44a Standard and inverted word orders
44b Placing adjectives
44c Placing adverbs
45 Prepositions
45a Using In, at, and on with time and place
45b Phrasal verbs
45c Passive voice
45d Expressions
46 Gerunds and Infinitives
46a Gerund objects
After go
After be + complement + preposition
46b Infinitive objects
After be + some complements
Unmarked infinitive objects
46c Using stop, remember, or forget
46d Sense verbs
46e Choosing between -ing and -ed adjectives
47 Modal Auxiliary Verbs
47a How modals differ from be, do, and have
47b Expressing ability, necessity, advisability, or probability
Ability
Necessity
Advisability
Probability
46c Expressing preference, plan, or past habit
Preferences
Plan or obligation
Past habit
SENTENCES AND WORDS
48 Sentence Fragments
48a What a sentence fragment is
48b Recognizing fragments
48c Correcting fragments that start with a subordinating word
48d Correcting phrase fragments
48e Correcting fragments in a compound predicate
48f Intentional fragments
49 Comma Splices and Run-on Sentences
49a What comma splices and run-ons are
49b Correcting comma splices and run-ons
Using punctuation
Using a coordinating conjunction
Revising an independent clause into a dependent clause
50 Problems with Sentence Shifts
50a Consistent person and number
50b Consistent subject, voice, and mood
50c Consistent verb tense
50d Consistent direct and indirect discourse
50e Sentences with mixed parts
Avoiding mixed clauses
Avoiding mixed constructions
Avoiding faulty predication
50f Ellipticals and comparisons
51 Misplaced Modifiers
51a Misplaced modifiers
51b Squinting modifiers
51c Split infinitives
51d Modifiers that disrupt a sentence
51e Dangling modifiers
52 Conciseness
52a Writing concisely
52b Avoiding redundancies
52c Avoiding wordy sentence structures
Avoiding expletive constructions
Using the passive voice
52d Combining sentence elements
52e Verbs and conciseness
53 Coordination and Subordination
53a Coordination: Expressing equivalent ideas
53b Coordination: Avoiding problems
53c Subordination: Expressing nonequivalent ideas
53d Subordination: Avoiding problems
54 Sentence Style
54a Understanding parallelism
54b Avoiding faulty parallelism
54c Parallelism with conjunctions
54d Strengthening a message with parallelism
54e Understanding sentence variety
Revising strings of short sentences
Revising for a mix of sentence lengths
54f Emphatic sentence subjects
54g Adding modifiers
54h Inverting standard word order
55 Usage Glossary
56 Word Meanings and Word Impact
56a Words and meanings
56b Exact words
Denotation and connotation
Specific and concrete language
56c Increasing vocabulary
56d Suitable language
Appropriate language
Levels of formality
Edited American English
Slang, colloquialisms, and regionalisms 56e Figurative language
56f Cliches
56g The effect of tone in writing
Slanted language
Pretentious language
Jargon
Euphemisms
57 Using Inclusive Language
57a Gender in English
57b Gender-neutral language
58 Spelling
58a Plurals
58b Suffixes
58c The ie, ei rule
58d Homonyms and other frequently confused words
58e Other spelling errors
PUNCTUATION AND MECHANICS
59 Commas
59a When to use commas
59b With introductory words
59c Before coordinating conjunctions
59d With a series
59e Between adjectives
59f With nonrestrictive and restrictive elements
Nonrestrictive and restrictive clauses
Nonrestrictive and restrictive phrases
Nonrestrictive and restrictive appositives
59g With quoted words
59h Other word groups to set off
59i In dates, names, addresses, letter format, and numbers
59j Preventing misreadings
59k Avoiding comma errors
60 Semicolons
60a Instead of periods
60b Instead of commas
61 Colons
61a Lists, appositives, or quotations
61b Between sentences
61c Conventional formats
62 Apostrophes
62a Possessive nouns
62b Possessive indefinite pronouns
62c Possessive pronouns: hers, his, its, ours, yours, and theirs
62d Verbs that end in -s
62e Contractions
62f Letters, numerals, symbols, and terms
63 Quotation Marks
63a Short direct quotations
Double quotation marks (" ")
Single quotation marks (` ')
63b Long direct quotations
63c Spoken words
63d Titles
63e Terms, translations, and irony
63f When quotation marks are wrong
63g With other punctuation
64 Periods, Question Marks, and Exclamation Points
64a Periods
64b Question marks
64c Exclamation points
65 Other Punctuation Marks
65a Dashes
65b Parentheses
To add information
With numbers or letters
With other punctuation
65c Brackets
65d Ellipsis points
In prose quotations
In quotations from poetry
65e Slashes
66 Hyphens
66a End of a line
66b Prefixes and suffixes
66c Compound words
66d Spelled-out numbers
67 Capitals
67a "First" words
67b Quotations
67c Nouns and adjectives
68 Italics (Underlining)
68a Italics versus quotation marks
68b For emphasis
69 Abbreviations
69a Times and amounts
69b People's names
69c Jr., Sr., II, III, 2nd, and 3rd
69d Names of countries, organizations, and government agencies
69e Addresses
69f Using etc. and other Latin abbreviations
70 Numbers
70a Spelled-out numbers
70b Dates, addresses, times, and other numbers
GLOSSARY
QUICK BOX INDEX
ESL INDEX
GENERAL INDEX
1 Thinking Like a Writer
1a Why writing is important
1b Thinking like a writer
1c Situation, purpose, and audience
1d Critical thinking
1e Steps in critical thinking
2 Reading Critically
2a Critical reading
2b Steps in critical reading
Determining literal meaning
Making inferences
Making evaluations
2c Close and active reading
2d Systematic reading
Preview
Read
Review
2e Connecting critical reading to writing
3 Distinguishing Between Summary and Synthesis
3a Summarizing
3b Synthesizing
Synthesizing multiple sources
Synthesizing one source
4 Viewing Images Critically
4a Viewing images with a critical eye
5 Writing and Technology
5a Computers and writers
Creating documents
Finding sources
Managing your work
Communicating with others
5b Computers and forms of writing
WRITING PROCESS
6 Getting Started
6a The writing process
6b The purposes for writing
Informing a reader
Persuading a reader
6c The writer's "audience"
Writing for a peer-response group
Writing for an instructor
Writing for a supervisor
6d The writer's tone
6e The writing topic
Selecting your own topic
Narrowing or broadening an assigned topic
6f The "writing situation"
6g Finding ideas
Keeping a journal
Free writing
Chatting
Brainstorming
Asking and answering questions
Clustering
6h Thesis statements
6i Outlining
7 Drafting
7a Writing a first draft
7b Overcoming writer's block
8 Revising, Editing, and Proofreading
8a Revising strategies
8b Using my thesis statement and essay title to revise
8c Editing strategies
8d Proofreading strategies
9 Composing Paragraphs
9a Understanding paragraphs
9b Introductory paragraphs
9c Topic sentences
Starting with a topic sentence
Ending with a topic sentence
Implying a topic sentence
9d Supporting details
9e Coherent paragraphs
Using transitional expressions
Using deliberate repetition and parallelism
9f Body paragraphs
Composing a narration
Composing a description
Describing a process
Composing an example or illustration
Composing a definition
Composing a comparison and contrast
Composing an analysis
Composing a classification
Composing an analogy
Explaining cause and effect
9g Concluding paragraphs
10 Writing to Inform
10a Informative essays
10b Student's informative essay
11 Writing To Argue
11a Understanding argument
11b Choosing a topic and developing a claim
11c Supporting an argument
11d Types of appeals
11e Considering my audience
11f Structuring an argument
11g Logical fallacies
11h Revising argument essays
11i Student's argument essay
WRITING ACROSS THE CURRICULUM
12 An Overview of Writing Across the Curriculum
12a Writing across the curriculum
13 Writing About The Humanities
13a What the humanities are
13b Types of sources
13c Types of papers
Summaries
Syntheses
Responses
Narratives
Interpretations
Critiques
Analyses
13d Documentation styles
14 Writing about Literature
14a What literature is
14b Writing about literature
14c Writing strategies
14d Types of papers
Writing a personal response
Writing an interpretation
Writing a formal analysis
Writing a cultural analysis
14e Rules for writing about literature
Using correct verb tenses
Using your own ideas and using secondary sources
14f Documentation styles
14g Student's literature essay
Working on the assignment
Learning about the poet, Yusef Komunyakaa
Student's essay about literature
15 Writing in the Social Sciences
15a What the social sciences are
15b Types of sources
Surveys and questionnaires
Observations
Interviews
Experiments
15c Purposes and practices
15d Types of papers
Case studies
Research reports
Research papers (or reviews of the literature)
15e Documentation styles
16 Writing for the Natural Sciences
16a What the natural sciences are
16b Purposes and practices
16c Types of papers
Science reports
Science reviews
16d Documentation style
17 Writing Under Pressure
17a Practicing under strict time limits
17b Preparing for essay exams
18 Making Oral Presentations and Using Multimedia
18a What oral presentations are
18b Focusing on purpose
18c Adapting for my listening audience
18d Organizing a presentation
Introducing yourself and your topic
Following your road map
Wrapping up your presentation
18e Appropriate language and tone
18f Incorporating multimedia
Using traditional visual aids
Using electronic media
Planning for multimedia in your presentation
18g Presentation styles
Memorizing your presentation
Reading your presentation
Mapping your presentation
18h Effective voice
18i Nonverbal communication
18j Overcoming stage fright
18k Collaborative presentations
WRITING TO CONNECT WITH THE WORLD
19 Writing for Work
19a Workplace writing purposes
19b Features of work-related correspondence
19c Work-related e-mail
19d Netiquette
19e Memos
19f Business letters
19g Other business documents
Formatting and writing a proposal
19h Resumes
19i Job application letters
20 Public Writing
20a What public writing is
20b Public reports
20c Public letters
20d Other public writing
20e Blogs
21 Designing Documents
21a About document design
21b Basic design principles
21c Designing with text
Highlighting text
Justifying
Indentation
21d Headings
21e Visuals
Charts, graphs, and tables
Images
21f Page layout
Using white space
22 Writing for the Web
22a Web sites and Web pages
22b The Web writing process
22c Web site content
22d Web site structure
22e Web page design
22f Web writing software
22g Images in Web pages
22h Editing and testing usability
22i Displaying Web pages
Finding space on the Web
Uploading image or sound files
22j Maintaining Web sites
RESEARCH
23 Starting a Research Project
23a What research writing is
23b Choosing a research topic
23c What a research question is
23d Planning a research project
23e What a research log is
24 Developing a Search Strategy
24a Search strategies
24b Sources
24c Field research
Observing and surveying
Interviewing an expert
24d Documentation styles
24e Working bibliographies
24f Annotated bibliographies
24g Content notes
25 Finding and Evaluating Library-Based Sources
25a Finding library-based resources
25b Using databases
Using keywords
Using guided searches
Using Boolean expressions
25c Finding books
25d Finding periodicals
Locating the articles themselves
25e Using reference works
General reference works
Specialized reference works
25f Finding sources outside the library
25g Finding government documents
25h Evaluating sources
26 Researching the Web Wisely
26a Reasons to use the Web "wisely"
26b Searching the Web
26c Using keywords
26d Using subject directories
26e Evaluating Web sources
26f Information from Web sources
27 Using Sources and Avoiding Plagiarism
27a What plagiarism is
27b Avoiding plagiarism
27c Avoid plagiarism with Internet sources
27d What not to document
27e Integrating sources
27f Using quotations effectively
Making quotations fit smoothly with your sentences
Using brackets to add words
Using ellipsis to delete words
Integrating author names, source titles, and other information
27g Good paraphrases
27h Good summaries
27i Verbs for weaving source material
28 Drafting and Revising a Research Paper
28a Writing process and research papers
28b Drafting a research paper
28c Revising a research paper
MLA DOCUMENTATION
29 MLA In-Text Citations
29a What MLA documentation style is
29b What MLA parenthetical documentation is
29c MLA guidelines for in-text citations
29d MLA guidelines for commentary or bibliographic notes
30 MLA Works Cited List
30a MLA guidelines for a Works Cited list
30b MLA guidelines for sources in a Works Cited list
31 A Student's MLA-STYLE Research Paper
31a MLA format guidelines for research papers
General instructions-MLA
Order of parts-MLA
Name-and-page number lines for all pages-MLA
First page-MLA
Set-off quotations-MLA
Notes-MLA
Works Cited list-MLA
31b A student's MLA-style research paper
MLA IN-TEXT CITATIONS DIRECTORY
MLA WORKS CITED LIST DIRECTORY
APA, CM, AND CSE DOCUMENTATION
32 APA In-Text Citations
32a What APA documentation style is
32b What APA parenthetical in-text citations are
Formatting long quotations
Multiple citations in one paragraph
32c APA guidelines for in-text citations
32d APA guidelines for writing an abstract
32e APA guidelines for content notes
33 APA References List
33a APA guidelines for a References list
33b APA guidelines for sources in a References list
34 A Student's APA-Style Paper
34a APA format guidelines for research papers
General instructions-APA
Order of parts-APA
Title-and-page number line for all pages-APA
Title page-APA
Abstract-APA
Set-off quotations-APA
References list-APA
Notes-APA
34b A student's APA-style research paper
35 CM-Style Documentation
35a What CM style documentation is
The full bibliographic note system in CM style
The abbreviated bibliographic note system, plus bibliography, in CM style
35b CM guidelines for bibliographic notes
CM-Style Directory
36 CSE-Style Documentation
36a What CSE style documentation is
36b CSE guidelines for sources in a list of references
CSE-Style Directory
APA IN-TEXT CITATIONS DIRECTORY
APA REFERENCES LIST DIRECTORY
GRAMMAR BASICS
37 Parts of Speech and Parts of Sentences
Parts of Speech
37a Nouns
37b Pronouns
37c Verbs
37d Verbals
37e Adjectives
37f Adverbs
37g Prepositions
37h Conjunctions
37i Interjections
Parts of Sentences
37j Subjects and predicates
37k Direct and indirect objects
37l Complements, modifiers, and appositives
Recognizing complements
Recognizing modifiers
Recognizing appositives
37m Phrases
37n Clauses
Recognizing independent clauses
Recognizing dependent clauses
37o Sentence types
38 Verbs
38a How verbs function
38b Forms of main verbs
Regular verbs
Irregular verbs
-s form of verbs
38c Auxiliary verbs
38d Using lie or lay
38e Verb tenses
Simple present tense
Tense sequence
38f Indicative, imperative, and subjunctive moods
if, as if, as though, and unless clauses
that clauses
38g "Voice" in verbs
39 Subject-Verb Agreement
39a What subject-verb agreement is
39b Ignoring words between a subject and its verb
one of the
36c Verbs when and connect subjects
each and every
36d Verbs when or connects subjects
36e Verbs with indefinite pronouns
36f Verbs with who, which, and that
36g Verbs with one of the . . . who
36h Other complicated cases
Inverted word order
Expletive constructions
Subject complements
Collective nouns
"Amount" subjects
Singular subjects in plural form
Titles, terms, and plurals representing a single unit
40 Pronouns: Agreement, Reference, and Case
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
40a What pronoun-antecedent agreement is
40b Pronouns when and connects antecedents
40c Pronouns when or connects antecedents
40d Pronouns when antecedents are indefinite pronouns
40e Pronouns when antecedents are collective pronouns
Pronoun Reference
40f Avoiding unclear pronoun reference
40g Pronouns with it, that, this, and which
40h Using you for direct address
40i Using who, which, and that
Pronoun Case
40j Pronoun case
40k Personal pronouns
40l Selecting the correct case
40m Case when and connects pronouns
40n Matching case in appositives
40o Subjective case after linking verbs
40p Using who, whoever, whom, and whomever
40q Case after than and as
40r Case with infinitives and -ing words
40s Case for -self pronouns
41 Adjectives and Adverbs
41a Differences between adjectives and adverbs
41b Using adverbs and not adjectives as modifiers
41c Double negatives
41d Adjectives or adverbs after linking verbs
bad and badly
good and well
41e Comparative and superlative forms
Regular forms
Irregular forms
41f Nouns as modifiers
TIPS FOR MULTILINGUAL WRITERS
Message from Lynn Troyka and Doug Hesse to Multilingual Writers
42 Singulars and Plurals
42a Count and noncount nouns
42b Determiners with singular and plural nouns
42c Nouns used as adjectives
43 Articles
43a Singular count nouns
43b Count and noncount nouns
Plural count nouns
Noncount nouns
Plural and noncount nouns
43c Using the with proper nouns
44 Word Order
44a Standard and inverted word orders
44b Placing adjectives
44c Placing adverbs
45 Prepositions
45a Using In, at, and on with time and place
45b Phrasal verbs
45c Passive voice
45d Expressions
46 Gerunds and Infinitives
46a Gerund objects
After go
After be + complement + preposition
46b Infinitive objects
After be + some complements
Unmarked infinitive objects
46c Using stop, remember, or forget
46d Sense verbs
46e Choosing between -ing and -ed adjectives
47 Modal Auxiliary Verbs
47a How modals differ from be, do, and have
47b Expressing ability, necessity, advisability, or probability
Ability
Necessity
Advisability
Probability
46c Expressing preference, plan, or past habit
Preferences
Plan or obligation
Past habit
SENTENCES AND WORDS
48 Sentence Fragments
48a What a sentence fragment is
48b Recognizing fragments
48c Correcting fragments that start with a subordinating word
48d Correcting phrase fragments
48e Correcting fragments in a compound predicate
48f Intentional fragments
49 Comma Splices and Run-on Sentences
49a What comma splices and run-ons are
49b Correcting comma splices and run-ons
Using punctuation
Using a coordinating conjunction
Revising an independent clause into a dependent clause
50 Problems with Sentence Shifts
50a Consistent person and number
50b Consistent subject, voice, and mood
50c Consistent verb tense
50d Consistent direct and indirect discourse
50e Sentences with mixed parts
Avoiding mixed clauses
Avoiding mixed constructions
Avoiding faulty predication
50f Ellipticals and comparisons
51 Misplaced Modifiers
51a Misplaced modifiers
51b Squinting modifiers
51c Split infinitives
51d Modifiers that disrupt a sentence
51e Dangling modifiers
52 Conciseness
52a Writing concisely
52b Avoiding redundancies
52c Avoiding wordy sentence structures
Avoiding expletive constructions
Using the passive voice
52d Combining sentence elements
52e Verbs and conciseness
53 Coordination and Subordination
53a Coordination: Expressing equivalent ideas
53b Coordination: Avoiding problems
53c Subordination: Expressing nonequivalent ideas
53d Subordination: Avoiding problems
54 Sentence Style
54a Understanding parallelism
54b Avoiding faulty parallelism
54c Parallelism with conjunctions
54d Strengthening a message with parallelism
54e Understanding sentence variety
Revising strings of short sentences
Revising for a mix of sentence lengths
54f Emphatic sentence subjects
54g Adding modifiers
54h Inverting standard word order
55 Usage Glossary
56 Word Meanings and Word Impact
56a Words and meanings
56b Exact words
Denotation and connotation
Specific and concrete language
56c Increasing vocabulary
56d Suitable language
Appropriate language
Levels of formality
Edited American English
Slang, colloquialisms, and regionalisms 56e Figurative language
56f Cliches
56g The effect of tone in writing
Slanted language
Pretentious language
Jargon
Euphemisms
57 Using Inclusive Language
57a Gender in English
57b Gender-neutral language
58 Spelling
58a Plurals
58b Suffixes
58c The ie, ei rule
58d Homonyms and other frequently confused words
58e Other spelling errors
PUNCTUATION AND MECHANICS
59 Commas
59a When to use commas
59b With introductory words
59c Before coordinating conjunctions
59d With a series
59e Between adjectives
59f With nonrestrictive and restrictive elements
Nonrestrictive and restrictive clauses
Nonrestrictive and restrictive phrases
Nonrestrictive and restrictive appositives
59g With quoted words
59h Other word groups to set off
59i In dates, names, addresses, letter format, and numbers
59j Preventing misreadings
59k Avoiding comma errors
60 Semicolons
60a Instead of periods
60b Instead of commas
61 Colons
61a Lists, appositives, or quotations
61b Between sentences
61c Conventional formats
62 Apostrophes
62a Possessive nouns
62b Possessive indefinite pronouns
62c Possessive pronouns: hers, his, its, ours, yours, and theirs
62d Verbs that end in -s
62e Contractions
62f Letters, numerals, symbols, and terms
63 Quotation Marks
63a Short direct quotations
Double quotation marks (" ")
Single quotation marks (` ')
63b Long direct quotations
63c Spoken words
63d Titles
63e Terms, translations, and irony
63f When quotation marks are wrong
63g With other punctuation
64 Periods, Question Marks, and Exclamation Points
64a Periods
64b Question marks
64c Exclamation points
65 Other Punctuation Marks
65a Dashes
65b Parentheses
To add information
With numbers or letters
With other punctuation
65c Brackets
65d Ellipsis points
In prose quotations
In quotations from poetry
65e Slashes
66 Hyphens
66a End of a line
66b Prefixes and suffixes
66c Compound words
66d Spelled-out numbers
67 Capitals
67a "First" words
67b Quotations
67c Nouns and adjectives
68 Italics (Underlining)
68a Italics versus quotation marks
68b For emphasis
69 Abbreviations
69a Times and amounts
69b People's names
69c Jr., Sr., II, III, 2nd, and 3rd
69d Names of countries, organizations, and government agencies
69e Addresses
69f Using etc. and other Latin abbreviations
70 Numbers
70a Spelled-out numbers
70b Dates, addresses, times, and other numbers
GLOSSARY
QUICK BOX INDEX
ESL INDEX
GENERAL INDEX