Introduction to the Human Body
10th Edition
Published on 3. April 2015
Book
Hardback
640 pages
978-1-118-58318-0 (ISBN)
Description
Introduction to the Human Body 10th Edition offers a balanced introduction to the human body, especially developed to meet the needs of the one-semester A&P course. It provides an effective blend of stunning art and clearly written text to illuminate the complexities of the human body. Class-tested pedagogy is woven into the narrative and illustrations to ensure that students gain a solid understanding of the material.
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Other editions
New editions
Gerard J. Tortora | Bryan H. Derrickson
Introduction to the Human Body
Book
10/2017
11th Edition
Wiley
€255.51
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Previous edition
Gerard J. Tortora | Bryan H. Derrickson
Introduction to the Human Body 9E
Book
11/2011
Wiley
€151.03
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Persons
Gerard J. Tortora is Professor of Biology at Bergen Community College in Paramus, New Jersey. He teaches human anatomy and physiology as well as microbiology. He received his bachelor's degree in biology from Fairleigh Dickinson University and his master's degree in science education from Montclair State College. He is active in professional organizations such as the Human Anatomy and Physiology Society, the American Society of Microbiology, American Association for the Advancement of Science, National Education Association, and the Metropolitan Association of College and University Biologists.
Bryan Derrickson is Professor of Biology at Valencia Community College in Orlando, Florida, where he teaches human anatomy and physiology. He received his bachelor's degree in biology from Morehouse College and his Ph.D. in Cell Biology from Duke University. He is a member of the Human Anatomy and Physiology Society and the National Association of Biology Teachers.
Bryan Derrickson is Professor of Biology at Valencia Community College in Orlando, Florida, where he teaches human anatomy and physiology. He received his bachelor's degree in biology from Morehouse College and his Ph.D. in Cell Biology from Duke University. He is a member of the Human Anatomy and Physiology Society and the National Association of Biology Teachers.
Content
1 Organization of the Human Body 1
1.1 Anatomy and Physiology Defined 1
1.2 Levels of Organization and Body Systems 1
1.3 Life Processes 6
1.4 Homeostasis: Maintaining Limits 6
1.5 Aging and Homeostasis 9
1.6 Anatomical Terms 10
1.7 Body Cavities 15
2 Introductory Chemistry 22
2.1 Introduction to Chemistry 22
2.2 Chemical Compounds and Life Processes 29
3 Cells 41
3.1 A Generalized View of the Cell 41
3.2 The Plasma Membrane 41
3.3 Transport Across the Plasma Membrane 43
3.4 Cytoplasm 49
3.5 Nucleus 54
3.6 Gene Action: Protein Synthesis 56
3.7 Somatic Cell Division 59
3.8 Cellular Diversity 61
3.9 Aging and Cells 61
4 Tissues 68
4.1 Types of Tissues 68
4.2 Epithelial Tissue 68
4.3 Connective Tissue 77
4.4 Membranes 85
4.5 Muscular Tissue 87
4.6 Nervous Tissue 87
4.7 Tissue Repair: Restoring Homeostasis 87
4.8 Aging and Tissues 87
5 The Integumentary System 92
5.1 Skin 92
5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin 96
5.3 Functions of the Skin 99
5.4 Aging and the Integumentary System 100
6 The Skeletal System 107
6.1 Functions of Bone and the Skeletal System 107
6.2 Types of Bones 107
6.3 Structure of Bone 108
6.4 Bone Formation 111
6.5 Exercise and Bone Tissue 116
6.6 Divisions of the Skeletal System 117
6.7 Skull and Hyoid Bone 118
6.8 Vertebral Column 127
6.9 Thorax 134
6.10 Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle 134
6.11 Upper Limb 135
6.12 Pelvic (Hip) Girdle 139
6.13 Lower Limb 141
6.14 Comparison of Female and Male Skeletons 146
6.15 Aging and the Skeletal System 147
7 Joints 154
7.1 Classification of Joints 154
7.2 Fibrous Joints 155
7.3 Cartilaginous Joints 156
7.4 Synovial Joints 156
7.5 Types of Movements at Synovial Joints 158
7.6 Types of Synovial Joints 162
7.7 Aging and Joints 166
8 The Muscular System 170
8.1 Overview of Muscular Tissue 170
8.2 Skeletal Muscle Tissue 171
8.3 Contraction and Relaxation of Skeletal Muscle 174
8.4 Metabolism of Skeletal Muscle Tissue 179
8.5 Control of Muscle Tension 180
8.6 Exercise and Skeletal Muscle Tissue 182
8.7 Cardiac Muscle Tissue 182
8.8 Smooth Muscle Tissue 183
8.9 Aging and Muscular Tissue 185
8.10 How Skeletal Muscles Produce Movement 185
8.11 Principal Skeletal Muscles 186
9 Nervous Tissue 220
9.1 Overview of the Nervous System 220
9.2 Histology of Nervous Tissue 222
9.3 Action Potentials 226
9.4 Synaptic Transmission 230
10 Central Nervous System, Spinal Nerves, and Cranial Nerves 236
10.1 Spinal Cord Structure 236
10.2 Spinal Nerves 237
10.3 Spinal Cord Functions 240
10.4 Brain 242
10.5 Cranial Nerves 255
10.6 Aging and the Nervous System 256
11 Autonomic Nervous System 261
11.1 Comparison of Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems 261
11.2 Structure of the Autonomic Nervous System 263
11.3 Functions of the Autonomic Nervous System 267
12 Somatic Senses and Special Senses 271
12.1 Overview of Sensations 271
12.2 Somatic Senses 272
12.3 Special Senses 275
12.4 Olfaction: Sense of Smell 275
12.5 Gustation: Sense of Taste 277
12.6 Vision 279
12.7 Hearing and Equilibrium 286
13 The Endocrine System 299
13.1 Introduction 299
13.2 Hormone Action 301
13.3 Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland 302
13.4 Thyroid Gland 307
13.5 Parathyroid Glands 309
13.6 Pancreatic Islets 310
13.7 Adrenal Glands 314
13.8 Ovaries and Testes 316
13.9 Pineal Gland 317
13.10 Other Hormones 317
13.11 The Stress Response 318
13.12 Aging and the Endocrine System 319
14 The Cardiovascular System: Blood 326
14.1 Functions of Blood 326
14.2 Components of Whole Blood 326
14.3 Hemostasis 333
14.4 Blood Groups and Blood Types 336
15 The Cardiovascular System: Heart 342
15.1 Structure and Organization of the Heart 342
15.2 Blood Flow and Blood Supply of the Heart 348
15.3 Conduction System of the Heart 350
15.4 Electrocardiogram 351
15.5 The Cardiac Cycle 351
15.6 Cardiac Output 353
15.7 Exercise and the Heart 355
16 The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation 360
16.1 Blood Vessel Structure and Function 360
16.2 Blood Flow Through Blood Vessels 364
16.3 Circulatory Routes 367
16.4 Checking Circulation 384
16.5 Aging and the Cardiovascular System 385
17 The Lymphatic System and Immunity 391
17.1 Lymphatic System 391
17.2 Innate Immunity 396
17.3 Adaptive Immunity 399
17.4 Aging and the Immune System 407
18 The Respiratory System 415
18.1 Organs of the Respiratory System 415
18.2 Pulmonary Ventilation 421
18.3 Exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide 426
18.4 Transport of Respiratory Gases 428
18.5 Control of Breathing 430
18.6 Exercise and the Respiratory System 433
18.7 Aging and the Respiratory System 433
19 The Digestive System 440
19.1 Overview of the Digestive System 440
19.2 Layers of the GI Tract and the Omentum 441
19.3 Mouth 443
19.4 Pharynx and Esophagus 446
19.5 Stomach 447
19.6 Pancreas 450
19.7 Liver and Gallbladder 451
19.8 Small Intestine 453
19.9 Large Intestine 458
19.10 Phases of Digestion 461
19.11 Aging and the Digestive System 462
20 Nutrition and Metabolism 469
20.1 Nutrients 469
20.2 Metabolism 474
20.3 Metabolism and Body Heat 480
21 The Urinary System 485
21.1 Overview of the Urinary System 485
21.2 Structure of the Kidneys 487
21.3 Functions of the Nephron 490
21.4 Transportation, Storage, and Elimination of Urine 496
21.5 Aging and the Urinary System 498
22 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance 503
22.1 Fluid Compartments and Fluid Balance 503
22.2 Electrolytes in Body Fluids 507
22.3 Acid-Base Balance 510
22.4 Aging and Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance 512
23 The Reproductive Systems 515
23.1 Male Reproductive System 515
23.2 Female Reproductive System 523
23.3 The Female Reproductive Cycle 530
23.4 Birth Control Methods and Abortion 533
23.5 Aging and the Reproductive Systems 536
24 Development and Inheritance 544
24.1 Embryonic Period 544
24.2 Fetal Period 552
24.3 Maternal Changes During Pregnancy 552
24.4 Exercise and Pregnancy 555
24.5 Labor and Delivery 555
24.6 Lactation 556
24.7 Inheritance 557
Answers A-1
Glossary G-1
Credits C-1
Index I-1
1.1 Anatomy and Physiology Defined 1
1.2 Levels of Organization and Body Systems 1
1.3 Life Processes 6
1.4 Homeostasis: Maintaining Limits 6
1.5 Aging and Homeostasis 9
1.6 Anatomical Terms 10
1.7 Body Cavities 15
2 Introductory Chemistry 22
2.1 Introduction to Chemistry 22
2.2 Chemical Compounds and Life Processes 29
3 Cells 41
3.1 A Generalized View of the Cell 41
3.2 The Plasma Membrane 41
3.3 Transport Across the Plasma Membrane 43
3.4 Cytoplasm 49
3.5 Nucleus 54
3.6 Gene Action: Protein Synthesis 56
3.7 Somatic Cell Division 59
3.8 Cellular Diversity 61
3.9 Aging and Cells 61
4 Tissues 68
4.1 Types of Tissues 68
4.2 Epithelial Tissue 68
4.3 Connective Tissue 77
4.4 Membranes 85
4.5 Muscular Tissue 87
4.6 Nervous Tissue 87
4.7 Tissue Repair: Restoring Homeostasis 87
4.8 Aging and Tissues 87
5 The Integumentary System 92
5.1 Skin 92
5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin 96
5.3 Functions of the Skin 99
5.4 Aging and the Integumentary System 100
6 The Skeletal System 107
6.1 Functions of Bone and the Skeletal System 107
6.2 Types of Bones 107
6.3 Structure of Bone 108
6.4 Bone Formation 111
6.5 Exercise and Bone Tissue 116
6.6 Divisions of the Skeletal System 117
6.7 Skull and Hyoid Bone 118
6.8 Vertebral Column 127
6.9 Thorax 134
6.10 Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle 134
6.11 Upper Limb 135
6.12 Pelvic (Hip) Girdle 139
6.13 Lower Limb 141
6.14 Comparison of Female and Male Skeletons 146
6.15 Aging and the Skeletal System 147
7 Joints 154
7.1 Classification of Joints 154
7.2 Fibrous Joints 155
7.3 Cartilaginous Joints 156
7.4 Synovial Joints 156
7.5 Types of Movements at Synovial Joints 158
7.6 Types of Synovial Joints 162
7.7 Aging and Joints 166
8 The Muscular System 170
8.1 Overview of Muscular Tissue 170
8.2 Skeletal Muscle Tissue 171
8.3 Contraction and Relaxation of Skeletal Muscle 174
8.4 Metabolism of Skeletal Muscle Tissue 179
8.5 Control of Muscle Tension 180
8.6 Exercise and Skeletal Muscle Tissue 182
8.7 Cardiac Muscle Tissue 182
8.8 Smooth Muscle Tissue 183
8.9 Aging and Muscular Tissue 185
8.10 How Skeletal Muscles Produce Movement 185
8.11 Principal Skeletal Muscles 186
9 Nervous Tissue 220
9.1 Overview of the Nervous System 220
9.2 Histology of Nervous Tissue 222
9.3 Action Potentials 226
9.4 Synaptic Transmission 230
10 Central Nervous System, Spinal Nerves, and Cranial Nerves 236
10.1 Spinal Cord Structure 236
10.2 Spinal Nerves 237
10.3 Spinal Cord Functions 240
10.4 Brain 242
10.5 Cranial Nerves 255
10.6 Aging and the Nervous System 256
11 Autonomic Nervous System 261
11.1 Comparison of Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems 261
11.2 Structure of the Autonomic Nervous System 263
11.3 Functions of the Autonomic Nervous System 267
12 Somatic Senses and Special Senses 271
12.1 Overview of Sensations 271
12.2 Somatic Senses 272
12.3 Special Senses 275
12.4 Olfaction: Sense of Smell 275
12.5 Gustation: Sense of Taste 277
12.6 Vision 279
12.7 Hearing and Equilibrium 286
13 The Endocrine System 299
13.1 Introduction 299
13.2 Hormone Action 301
13.3 Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland 302
13.4 Thyroid Gland 307
13.5 Parathyroid Glands 309
13.6 Pancreatic Islets 310
13.7 Adrenal Glands 314
13.8 Ovaries and Testes 316
13.9 Pineal Gland 317
13.10 Other Hormones 317
13.11 The Stress Response 318
13.12 Aging and the Endocrine System 319
14 The Cardiovascular System: Blood 326
14.1 Functions of Blood 326
14.2 Components of Whole Blood 326
14.3 Hemostasis 333
14.4 Blood Groups and Blood Types 336
15 The Cardiovascular System: Heart 342
15.1 Structure and Organization of the Heart 342
15.2 Blood Flow and Blood Supply of the Heart 348
15.3 Conduction System of the Heart 350
15.4 Electrocardiogram 351
15.5 The Cardiac Cycle 351
15.6 Cardiac Output 353
15.7 Exercise and the Heart 355
16 The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation 360
16.1 Blood Vessel Structure and Function 360
16.2 Blood Flow Through Blood Vessels 364
16.3 Circulatory Routes 367
16.4 Checking Circulation 384
16.5 Aging and the Cardiovascular System 385
17 The Lymphatic System and Immunity 391
17.1 Lymphatic System 391
17.2 Innate Immunity 396
17.3 Adaptive Immunity 399
17.4 Aging and the Immune System 407
18 The Respiratory System 415
18.1 Organs of the Respiratory System 415
18.2 Pulmonary Ventilation 421
18.3 Exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide 426
18.4 Transport of Respiratory Gases 428
18.5 Control of Breathing 430
18.6 Exercise and the Respiratory System 433
18.7 Aging and the Respiratory System 433
19 The Digestive System 440
19.1 Overview of the Digestive System 440
19.2 Layers of the GI Tract and the Omentum 441
19.3 Mouth 443
19.4 Pharynx and Esophagus 446
19.5 Stomach 447
19.6 Pancreas 450
19.7 Liver and Gallbladder 451
19.8 Small Intestine 453
19.9 Large Intestine 458
19.10 Phases of Digestion 461
19.11 Aging and the Digestive System 462
20 Nutrition and Metabolism 469
20.1 Nutrients 469
20.2 Metabolism 474
20.3 Metabolism and Body Heat 480
21 The Urinary System 485
21.1 Overview of the Urinary System 485
21.2 Structure of the Kidneys 487
21.3 Functions of the Nephron 490
21.4 Transportation, Storage, and Elimination of Urine 496
21.5 Aging and the Urinary System 498
22 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance 503
22.1 Fluid Compartments and Fluid Balance 503
22.2 Electrolytes in Body Fluids 507
22.3 Acid-Base Balance 510
22.4 Aging and Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance 512
23 The Reproductive Systems 515
23.1 Male Reproductive System 515
23.2 Female Reproductive System 523
23.3 The Female Reproductive Cycle 530
23.4 Birth Control Methods and Abortion 533
23.5 Aging and the Reproductive Systems 536
24 Development and Inheritance 544
24.1 Embryonic Period 544
24.2 Fetal Period 552
24.3 Maternal Changes During Pregnancy 552
24.4 Exercise and Pregnancy 555
24.5 Labor and Delivery 555
24.6 Lactation 556
24.7 Inheritance 557
Answers A-1
Glossary G-1
Credits C-1
Index I-1