Debris Flow
Mechanics, Prediction and Countermeasures
1st Edition
Published on 3. May 2007
Book
Hardback
448 pages
978-0-415-43552-9 (ISBN)
Description
Comprehensive account, treating both theoretical and applied aspects of debris flow. The text begins with a discussion of fundamental mechanical aspects, such as flow characteristics, type classification, mechanics, occurrence and development, fully-developed flow and deposition processes. The second part of the book sheds light on the application of theory in relation to computer-simulated reproductions of real disasters. Attention is paid to debris flow controlling structures, design effectiveness and performance, soft countermeasure problems, such as identification of debris flow prone ravines and the prediction of occurrence by the concept of precipitation threshold. The qualitative and fundamental character of this book makes it an excellent textbook for graduate courses in debris flow and it is recommended reading for professionals in engineering, geosciences and water resources who are concerned with mechanics and countermeasures of debris flow. Keywords: stony debris flow, viscous debris flo, landslide induced debris flow, hazard zone mapping, grid type sabo dam.
Reviews / Votes
''... a welcome compilation of recently published data. Both the publisher and the author are to be congratulated on this very fine volume. I strongly recommend it to advanced students, professional geologists and to those dealing with practical aspects of debris flows, such as civil engineers and researchers engaged in land management.'' J. of Sedimentary Research, 29 Sept.07More details
Language
English
Place of publication
London
United Kingdom
Target group
College/higher education
Professional and scholarly
Illustrations
374 s/w Abbildungen, 19 s/w Tabellen, 35 s/w Photographien bzw. Rasterbilder, 339 s/w Zeichnungen
339 Line drawings, black and white; 35 Halftones, black and white; 19 Tables, black and white; 374 Illustrations, black and white
Dimensions
Height: 254 mm
Width: 178 mm
Weight
953 gr
ISBN-13
978-0-415-43552-9 (9780415435529)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Classification
Other editions
New editions
Book
03/2014
2nd Edition
CRC Press
€235.40
Article not available at the moment
Person
Tamotsu Takahashi is Professor Emeritus at the University of Kyoto and at the Department of Sediment Research of the China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research in Beijing. In addition to his academic positions, he is the Director of the Association for Disaster Prevention Research in Kyoto. Professor Takahashi began his career in flood dynamics research, and increasingly focused on debris flow and flood hazards. He has been honoured with several awards from the Japan Society of Civil Engineers and the Japan Society of Erosion Control Engineering. In 1991, an earlier book entitled 'Debris Flow', by Tamotsu Takahashi, in the book series of the International Association of Hydraulic Engineering and Research, was published by Balkema Publishers, now a part of the Taylor & Francis Group.
Content
Preface
Chapter 1 What is debris flow?
Various sediment moving phenomena
Definition of debris flow
Classification and characteristics of debris flows
Stony type debris flow
Turbulent muddy type debris flow
Viscous debris flow
The significance of the mechanical classification of debris flows
Classifications on the other points of view
Chapter 2 Models for mechanics of flow
2.1 Models for solids and fluid mixture as the multi-phase flow
2.2 Single-phase continuum models
2.2.1 Visco-plastic fluid model
2.2.2 Dilatant fluid model
2.3 Two-phase continuum models (Mixture theory)
2.3.1 Stress equilibrium equations
2.3.2 Coulomb mixture theory (Quasi-static debris flows)
2.4 Theory for subaerial rapid granular flows
2.4.1 Particle collision stress
2.4.2 Kinetic stress
2.4.3 Skeletal stresses
2.4.4 Constitutive relations
2.4.5 Application of the theory to dry granular flow
2.4.6 Comparison with other constitutive relations for inertial range
2.5 Role of interstitial fluid in inertial debris flows
2.6 The mechanism of immature and turbulent muddy debris flows
2.6.1 Immature debris flow
2.6.2 Turbulent muddy debris flow
2.7 Generalized theory for inertial debris flows
2.7.1 Theoretical considerations
2.7.2 Verification by experimental data
2.7.3 Approximate solution for solids concentration and resistance to flow
2.8 Newtonian fluid model for viscous debris flow
2.8.1 Theoretical considerations
2.8.2 Verification by experiments
Chapter 3 Initiation and development of debris flow
Initiation and development of debris flow due to gully bed erosion
The formation of incipient debris flow by the effects of surface water runoff
The development of stony debris flow on sediment bed
Verification of the theory by experiments
Landslide-induced debris flow
Model for the transformation into debris flow
Mathematical model for the one-dimensional motion of an earth block
Numerical simulation of earth block and debris flow motions across three-dimensional terrain
Debris flow and flood flow induced by collapse of natural dam
Formative conditions and shapes of natural dam
Failure in entire channel width and the resulting debris flow
Prediction of debris flow/flood flow induced by the overflow in partial width
Chapter 4 Characteristics of fully developed flow
Translation of debris flow surge and the shape of the snout
The case of stony type debris flow
The case of viscous type debris flow
Boulder accumulation at the forefront of stony debris flow
Various concepts for the mechanism
The theory of Takahashi (1980)
Competence to transport large boulders
The cause of intermittency
Debris flow around bend
Routing of debris flow in the transferring reach
Kinematic wave method
Dynamic wave method
Chapter 5 Processes and geomorphology of deposition
One-dimensional stoppage/depositing processes of stony debris flow
The arrival distance at the abrupt change in channel slope
Topography of deposit formed at an abrupt slope change
Numerical simulation of depositing process
One-dimensional depositing process of turbulent muddy debris flow
Formation of debris flow fan
Description of the experimental results for stony debris flow and empirical presentations of the feature of debris flow fan
Numerical simulation of fan formation process and its verification
Numerical simulation of fan formation by turbulent debris flow
Particle size distribution in the fan formed by stony debris flow
General situations found in the field and experimental data
Mathematical model for particle size distributions
Erosion and deformation of debris flow fan
Experiments for the process of erosion
Model and its verification for the fan comprised of uniform material
Model and its verification for the fan comprised of heterogeneous material
Chapter 6 Debris flow disasters and their reproduction by computer simulations
The rain storm disasters at Okuetsu
Outline of the disaster
The natural dam formation and the damages done by backwater
Processes of destruction of the natural dam and damages downstream
Horadani debris flow disasters
Outline of the disaster
Hydrograph estimation of the debris flow
Reproduction of debris flow depositing area on the fan
Collapse of the tailings dam at Stava, Northern Italy
Outline of the disasters
Reproduction of the debris flow in the Stava River and its verification
Disasters caused by the eruption of Nevado del Ruiz Volcano
Outline of the disasters
Reproduction of the phenomena
Sediment disasters in Venezuela
Outline of the disasters
Debris flow routing under an arbitrary rainfall condition
Reproduction of debris flow hydrograph and others in the Camuri Grande River
Reproduction of sediment flooding on the Camuri Grande fan
Debris flow disasters at Atsumari, Hougawachi, Minamata City
Outline of the disasters
Reproduction of the processes of debris flow
Chapter 7 Countermeasures for debris flow disasters
Methods to prevent from debris flow generation
Hillside works
Drainage works
Groundsill and bed girdle
Debris flow control by closed type check dam
Sediment depositing process behind check (sabo) dam
Erosion process of the deposit behind sabo dam
Effects of sediment control by sabo dam to downstream
Debris flow control by open-type sabo dams
Kinds and sediment checking mechanism of open-type sabo dams
Blocking model of grid-type dam
Model for debris flow controlling by grid-type dabo dam
Determination of the optimum spacing and the optimum position to install
Making debris flow harmless by channel works and training walls
Design of countermeasures on the fan of the Camuri Grande River
Management of debris flow by training dike
Design debris flows for the countermeasure planning
Method based on the previous data
Prediction of total sediment runoff by field investigation
Theoretical prediction of debris flow scale
Debris flow prone ravines and hazardous area
Debris flow prone ravine
Hazardous zone by debris flow
Prediction of debris flow occurrence by rainfall
References
Notations
Index
Chapter 1 What is debris flow?
Various sediment moving phenomena
Definition of debris flow
Classification and characteristics of debris flows
Stony type debris flow
Turbulent muddy type debris flow
Viscous debris flow
The significance of the mechanical classification of debris flows
Classifications on the other points of view
Chapter 2 Models for mechanics of flow
2.1 Models for solids and fluid mixture as the multi-phase flow
2.2 Single-phase continuum models
2.2.1 Visco-plastic fluid model
2.2.2 Dilatant fluid model
2.3 Two-phase continuum models (Mixture theory)
2.3.1 Stress equilibrium equations
2.3.2 Coulomb mixture theory (Quasi-static debris flows)
2.4 Theory for subaerial rapid granular flows
2.4.1 Particle collision stress
2.4.2 Kinetic stress
2.4.3 Skeletal stresses
2.4.4 Constitutive relations
2.4.5 Application of the theory to dry granular flow
2.4.6 Comparison with other constitutive relations for inertial range
2.5 Role of interstitial fluid in inertial debris flows
2.6 The mechanism of immature and turbulent muddy debris flows
2.6.1 Immature debris flow
2.6.2 Turbulent muddy debris flow
2.7 Generalized theory for inertial debris flows
2.7.1 Theoretical considerations
2.7.2 Verification by experimental data
2.7.3 Approximate solution for solids concentration and resistance to flow
2.8 Newtonian fluid model for viscous debris flow
2.8.1 Theoretical considerations
2.8.2 Verification by experiments
Chapter 3 Initiation and development of debris flow
Initiation and development of debris flow due to gully bed erosion
The formation of incipient debris flow by the effects of surface water runoff
The development of stony debris flow on sediment bed
Verification of the theory by experiments
Landslide-induced debris flow
Model for the transformation into debris flow
Mathematical model for the one-dimensional motion of an earth block
Numerical simulation of earth block and debris flow motions across three-dimensional terrain
Debris flow and flood flow induced by collapse of natural dam
Formative conditions and shapes of natural dam
Failure in entire channel width and the resulting debris flow
Prediction of debris flow/flood flow induced by the overflow in partial width
Chapter 4 Characteristics of fully developed flow
Translation of debris flow surge and the shape of the snout
The case of stony type debris flow
The case of viscous type debris flow
Boulder accumulation at the forefront of stony debris flow
Various concepts for the mechanism
The theory of Takahashi (1980)
Competence to transport large boulders
The cause of intermittency
Debris flow around bend
Routing of debris flow in the transferring reach
Kinematic wave method
Dynamic wave method
Chapter 5 Processes and geomorphology of deposition
One-dimensional stoppage/depositing processes of stony debris flow
The arrival distance at the abrupt change in channel slope
Topography of deposit formed at an abrupt slope change
Numerical simulation of depositing process
One-dimensional depositing process of turbulent muddy debris flow
Formation of debris flow fan
Description of the experimental results for stony debris flow and empirical presentations of the feature of debris flow fan
Numerical simulation of fan formation process and its verification
Numerical simulation of fan formation by turbulent debris flow
Particle size distribution in the fan formed by stony debris flow
General situations found in the field and experimental data
Mathematical model for particle size distributions
Erosion and deformation of debris flow fan
Experiments for the process of erosion
Model and its verification for the fan comprised of uniform material
Model and its verification for the fan comprised of heterogeneous material
Chapter 6 Debris flow disasters and their reproduction by computer simulations
The rain storm disasters at Okuetsu
Outline of the disaster
The natural dam formation and the damages done by backwater
Processes of destruction of the natural dam and damages downstream
Horadani debris flow disasters
Outline of the disaster
Hydrograph estimation of the debris flow
Reproduction of debris flow depositing area on the fan
Collapse of the tailings dam at Stava, Northern Italy
Outline of the disasters
Reproduction of the debris flow in the Stava River and its verification
Disasters caused by the eruption of Nevado del Ruiz Volcano
Outline of the disasters
Reproduction of the phenomena
Sediment disasters in Venezuela
Outline of the disasters
Debris flow routing under an arbitrary rainfall condition
Reproduction of debris flow hydrograph and others in the Camuri Grande River
Reproduction of sediment flooding on the Camuri Grande fan
Debris flow disasters at Atsumari, Hougawachi, Minamata City
Outline of the disasters
Reproduction of the processes of debris flow
Chapter 7 Countermeasures for debris flow disasters
Methods to prevent from debris flow generation
Hillside works
Drainage works
Groundsill and bed girdle
Debris flow control by closed type check dam
Sediment depositing process behind check (sabo) dam
Erosion process of the deposit behind sabo dam
Effects of sediment control by sabo dam to downstream
Debris flow control by open-type sabo dams
Kinds and sediment checking mechanism of open-type sabo dams
Blocking model of grid-type dam
Model for debris flow controlling by grid-type dabo dam
Determination of the optimum spacing and the optimum position to install
Making debris flow harmless by channel works and training walls
Design of countermeasures on the fan of the Camuri Grande River
Management of debris flow by training dike
Design debris flows for the countermeasure planning
Method based on the previous data
Prediction of total sediment runoff by field investigation
Theoretical prediction of debris flow scale
Debris flow prone ravines and hazardous area
Debris flow prone ravine
Hazardous zone by debris flow
Prediction of debris flow occurrence by rainfall
References
Notations
Index