Introduction to Internal Combustion Engines

Fundamental operating principles; early internal combustion engine development, characteristics of internal combusion engines, additional types of internal combustion engine, prospects for internal combustion engines, thermodynamic principles; introduction and definitions of efficience, ideal air standard cycles, comparison between thermodynamic and mechanical cycles, additional performance parameters for internal combustion engines, fuel-air cycle, computer models, combustion and fuels; combustion chemistry and fuel chemistry, combustion thermodynamics, dissociation, combustion in spark ignition engines, combustion in compression ignition engines, fuels and additives, engine emissions, combustion modelling, spark ignition engines; combustion chambers, catalysts and emissions from spark ignition engines, mixture preparation, electronic control engines, compression ignition engines; direct injection (DI) systems, indirect injection (IDI) systems, cold starting of compression ignition engines, fuel injection equipment, diesel engine emissions, induction and exhaust processes; valve gear, flow characteristics of poppet valves, valve timing, unsteady compressible fluid flow, manifold, silencing, two stroke engines; two stroke gas flow performance parameters, scavenging systems, scavenge modelling, experimental techniques for evaluating scavenge and results for port flow co-efficients, engine performance and technology, in-cylinder motion; flow measurement techniques, turbulence, turbocharging; radial flow and axial flow machines, turbocharging the compression ignition engine, turbocharging the spark ignition engine, engine modelling; zero-dimensional modelling, application of modelling to a turbocharged medium speed diesel engine, mechanical design considerations; the disposition and number of the cylinders, cylinder block and head materials, the piston and rings, the connecting-rod, crankshaft, camshaft and valves, lubrication and bearings, advanced design concepts, heat transfer in internal combustion engines; engine cooling, liquid coolant systems, experimental facilities; quasi-steady engine instrumentation, experimental accuracy, measurement of exhaust emissions, computer based combustion analysis, advanced test systems, case studies; Jaguar V12 HE engine, Chrysler 2.2 litre spark ignition engine, Ford 2.5 litre DI diesel engine. Appendices: the use of SI units; answers to numerical problems; engine specifications; stratified charge engines; engine tuning.