Computer Organization, Design, and Architecture, Fourth Edition

Introduction
Computer System Organization
Computer Evolution
Organization vs. Design vs. Architecture
Performance Evaluation
Number Systems and Codes
Number Systems
Conversion
Arithmetic
Sign-Magnitude System
Complement Number System
Floating-Point Numbers
Binary Codes
Data Storage and Register Transfer
Representation of Numbers, Arrays, and Records
Combinational Logic
Basic Operations and Terminology
Boolean Algebra (Switching Algebra)
Minimization of Boolean Functions
Primitive Hardware Blocks
Functional Analysis of Combinational Circuits
Synthesis of Combinational Circuits
Some Popular Combinational Circuits
Integrated Circuits
Loading and Timing
Synchronous Sequential Circuits
Flip-Flops
Timing Characteristics of Flip-Flops
Flip-Flop ICS
Analysis of Synchronous Sequential Circuits
Design of Synchronous Sequential Circuits
Registers
Register Transfer Logic
Register Transfer Schemes
Register Transfer Languages
Designing Sequential Circuits with Integrated Circuits
Programmable Logic
A Simple Computer: Organization and Programming
A Simple Computer
ASC Assembler
Program Loading
Subroutines
Macros
Linkers and Loaders
A Simple Computer: Hardware Design
Program Execution
Data, Instruction, and Address Flow
Bus Structure
Arithmetic and Logic Unit
Input/Output
Control Unit
Console
Microprogrammed Control Unit
Input/Output
General I/O Model
The I/O Function
Interrupts
Direct Memory Access
Bus Architecture
Channels
I/O Processors (IOP)
Serial I/O
Common I/O Devices
Examples
Processor and Instruction Set Architectures
Types of Computer Systems
Operand (Data) Types and Formats
Registers
Instruction Set
Addressing Modes
Instruction Set Orthoganality
RISC vs. CISC
Example Systems
Memory and Storage
Types of Memory
Memory System Parameters
Memory Hierarchy
Memory Devices and Organizations
Memory System Design Using ICS
Speed Enhancement
Size Enhancement
Address Extension
Example Systems
Arithmetic/Logic Unit Enhancement
Logical and Fixed-Point Binary Operations
Decimal Arithmetic
Pipelining
ALU with Multiple Functional Units
Example Systems
Control Unit Enhancement
Speed Enhancement
Hardwired vs. Microprogrammed Control Units
Pipeline Performance Issues
Example Systems
Advanced Architectures
MISD
SIMD
MIMD
Cache Coherence
Data-Flow Architectures
Systolic Architectures
Example Systems
Embedded Systems
Characteristics
Software Architectures
Operating System (OS)
Example Systems
Computer Networks and Distributed Processing
Computer Networks
Distributed Processing
Grid Computing
Performance Evaluation
Performance Measures
Cost Factor
Benchmarks
Code Optimization
Appendix A: Details of Representative Integrated Circuits
Gates, Decoders, and Other ICS Useful in Combinational Circuit Design
Flip-Flops, Registers, and Other ICS Useful in Sequential Circuit Design
Memory ICS
Appendix B: Stack Implementation
INDEX
A Summary, References, and Problems appear at the end of each chapter.