Cognition, Evolution and Behavior

Cognition, Evolution and the Study of Behavior; 1.1: Cognition and Consciousness; 1.2: Kinds of Explanation of Behavior; 1.3: Approaches to Comparative Cognition; 1.4: Testing Adaptive/Evolutionary Explanations; 1.5: Evolution and Cognition; 1.6: Summary; 2: Perception and Attention; 2.1: Specialized Sensory Systems; 2.2: How Can We Find Out What Animals Perceive?; 2.3: Some Psychophisical Principles; 2.4: Signal Detection Theory; 2.5: Perception and Evolution; 2.6: Perceiving Objects; 2.7: Attention; 2.8: Summary; 3: Learning: A Framework and Its Application to Pavlovian Conditioning; 3.1: General Processes and Adaptive Specializations; 3.2: A Framework for Thinking About Learning; 3.3: When Will Learning Evolve?; 3.4: Pavlovian Conditioning; 3.5: Varieties of Associative Learning; 3.6: Summary; 4: Simple Recognition Learning; 4.1: Habituation; 4.2: Perceptual Learning; 4.3: Imprinting; 4.4: Recognition and Altruism; 5: Discrimination and Classification; 5.1: Introduction: Three Examples; 5.2: Untrained Responses to Natural Stimuli; 5.3: Classifying Complex Natural Stimuli; 5.4: Discrimination Learning; 5.5: Category Discrimination and Concepts; 5.6: Summary and Conclusions; 6: Memory; 6.1: The Issues; 6.2: Methods for Studying Memory in Animals; 6.3: Conditions for Memory; 6.4: Species Differences in Memory; 6.5: Contents of Memory; 6.6: Summary and Conclusions; 7: Getting Around; 7.1: Mechanisms for Spatial Orientation; 7.2: How is Spatial Information Integrated? Modularity and Averaging; 7.3: Do Animals Have Cognitive Maps?; 7.4: Acquiring Spatial Knowledge: The Conditions for Learning; 7.5: Summary and Conclusions; 8: Timing and Counting; 8.1: Circadian Rhythms; 8.2: Characteristics of Interval Timing; 8.3: Theories of Interval Timing; 8.4: Do Animals Count?; 8.5: Summary; 9: Foraging and Measuring Rate; 9.1: Introduction; 9.2: How Individuals Choose Patches; 9.3: Choosing Patches With a Group; 9.4: Leaving Depleting Patches; 9.5: Choosing Prey; 9.6: Assessing Risk; 9.7: Summary; 10: Learning From Others; 10.1: The Behavioral Ecology of Social Learning; 10.2: Mechanisms for Social Learning; 10.3: Vocal Imitation: Bird Song Learning; 10.4: Tool Use and Teaching; 10.5: Putting It All Together; 11: Cognitive Ethology and the Evolution of Mind; 11.1: Cognitive Ethology; 11.2: Intentions, Intentionality, and the Intentional Stance; 11.3: Monkey in the Mirror; 11.4: Theory of Mind; 11.5: The Social Theory of Intellect and Evolutionary Psychology; 11.6: Whither Cognitive Ethology; 12: Communication and Language; 12.1: Approaches to Studying Communication; 12.2: Some Natural Communication Systems; 12.3: Trying to Teach Human Language to Other Species; 12.4: Overview; 13: Summing Up and Looking Ahead; 13.1: Modularity and the Animal Mind; 13.2: How Does Cognition Evolve?; 13.3: Anthropomorphism and Representational Explanations; 13.4: Synthesizing the Ecological and Anthropocentric Program