Waste Containment Systems, Waste Stabilization, and Landfills
Design and Evaluation
1st Edition
Published on 19. September 1994
Book
Hardback
608 pages
978-0-471-57536-8 (ISBN)
Description
The most comprehensive design reference available on remediation techniques, waste disposal methods and various waste containment systems. Covers several important new issues such as the regulatory structure of RCRA Subtitles C and D; subsurface flow and transport of contaminants; liner systems, leachate collection and removal systems for landfills; and seismic stability analysis of landfills. Describes new waste stabilization technologies including the process of converting non-solid toxic waste into inert solids.
More details
Language
English
Place of publication
United States
Publishing group
John Wiley & Sons Inc
Target group
Professional and scholarly
Product notice
sewn/stitched
Cloth over boards
Dimensions
Height: 235 mm
Width: 157 mm
Thickness: 40 mm
Weight
1127 gr
ISBN-13
978-0-471-57536-8 (9780471575368)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Classification
Persons
Hari D. Sharma and Sangeeta P. Lewis are the authors of Waste Containment Systems, Waste Stabilization, and Landfills: Design and Evaluation, published by Wiley.
Content
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Regulatory Framework 1
1.2 Environmental Engineering, Waste Disposal, and Containment Issues 15
2 Waste Characterization and Soil-Waste Interaction 19
2.1 Composition of Wastes 19
2.2 Chemical and Biochemical Reactions Within and Below a Waste Disposal site 37
2.3 Soil-Waste Interactions 45
2.4 Engineering Properties of Wastes 62
3 Geosynthetics in Waste Containment and Cover Systems 71
3.1 Geomembranes 71
3.2 Geotextiles 109
3.3 Geonets and Geocomposite Drainage Nets 133
3.4 Geogrids 137
3.5 Geosynthetic Clay Liners 140
3.6 Soil Geosynthetic Friction Tests 143
4 Low-Permeability Liner and Drainage Materials 158
4.1 Hydraulic Conductivity 158
4.2 Laboratory Hydraulic Conductivity Testing 171
4.3 Field Hydraulic Conductivity Testing 180
4.4 Low-Permeability Compacted Clay Liners 192
4.5 Low-Permeability Admixed (Amended) Soil Liners 209
4.6 Drainage (Soil) Materials 211
5 Containment Transport: Advection-Dispersion flow Through Low-Permeability Soils 219
5.1 Contaminant Transport in Soils 219
5.2 Determination of Parameters 232
5.3 Methods for Calculating Containment Migration 240
5.4 Significance of Diffusion in Containment Transport Through Fine-Grained Materials 252
5.5 Case Study: Field Monitoring 256
6 Sludge Solidification and Stabilization 267
6.1 Terminology and Regulatory Requirements 267
6.2 Physical and Chemical Tests for Regulatory Compliance 272
6.3 Treatment Methods 288
6.4 Solidification/Stabilization Methods 293
6.5 Construction Methods 305
6.6 Safety, Quality Control, and Closure 314
7 Vertical Barriers: Slurry Walls 321
7.1 Introduction 321
7.2 Trench-Slurry Interaction 325
7.3 Permeability, Compatibility, and Strength of the Barrier Walls 330
7.4 Construction 339
7.5 Specifications 360
7.6 Construction Quality Control and Quality Assurance 366
8 Liner Systems for Landfills and Surface Impoundments 368
8.1 Introduction 368
8.2 Lining Systems: Overview 369
8.3 Containment Lining systems 384
8.4 Cover Lining systems 420
8.5 Specifications 429
8.6 Construction Quality Assurance 436
9 Leachate Collection and Removal Systems 441
9.1 Introduction 441
9.2 LCRS Design 443
9.3 LCRS Analysis 452
9.4 Construction, Specification, and CQA 509
10 Stability Analyses and Design 515
10.1 Introduction 515
Section I: Analytical Methods 516
10.2 Limit Equilibrium Methods 516
10.3 Finite-Element Analyses 532
10.4 Seismic Stability Analyses 534
Section II: Design Applications 543
10.5 Typical Landfill Configuration 543
10.6 Excavation Slope Stability 546
10.7 Refuse Fill Stability 549
10.8 Cover System Stability 557
10.9 Seismic Stability 560
Appendix A Inspector's Checklist: Slurry Walls 565
Appendix B Settlement Analyses 568
B.1 Foundation Settlement 568
B.2 Refuse Settlement 575
Index 585
1.1 Regulatory Framework 1
1.2 Environmental Engineering, Waste Disposal, and Containment Issues 15
2 Waste Characterization and Soil-Waste Interaction 19
2.1 Composition of Wastes 19
2.2 Chemical and Biochemical Reactions Within and Below a Waste Disposal site 37
2.3 Soil-Waste Interactions 45
2.4 Engineering Properties of Wastes 62
3 Geosynthetics in Waste Containment and Cover Systems 71
3.1 Geomembranes 71
3.2 Geotextiles 109
3.3 Geonets and Geocomposite Drainage Nets 133
3.4 Geogrids 137
3.5 Geosynthetic Clay Liners 140
3.6 Soil Geosynthetic Friction Tests 143
4 Low-Permeability Liner and Drainage Materials 158
4.1 Hydraulic Conductivity 158
4.2 Laboratory Hydraulic Conductivity Testing 171
4.3 Field Hydraulic Conductivity Testing 180
4.4 Low-Permeability Compacted Clay Liners 192
4.5 Low-Permeability Admixed (Amended) Soil Liners 209
4.6 Drainage (Soil) Materials 211
5 Containment Transport: Advection-Dispersion flow Through Low-Permeability Soils 219
5.1 Contaminant Transport in Soils 219
5.2 Determination of Parameters 232
5.3 Methods for Calculating Containment Migration 240
5.4 Significance of Diffusion in Containment Transport Through Fine-Grained Materials 252
5.5 Case Study: Field Monitoring 256
6 Sludge Solidification and Stabilization 267
6.1 Terminology and Regulatory Requirements 267
6.2 Physical and Chemical Tests for Regulatory Compliance 272
6.3 Treatment Methods 288
6.4 Solidification/Stabilization Methods 293
6.5 Construction Methods 305
6.6 Safety, Quality Control, and Closure 314
7 Vertical Barriers: Slurry Walls 321
7.1 Introduction 321
7.2 Trench-Slurry Interaction 325
7.3 Permeability, Compatibility, and Strength of the Barrier Walls 330
7.4 Construction 339
7.5 Specifications 360
7.6 Construction Quality Control and Quality Assurance 366
8 Liner Systems for Landfills and Surface Impoundments 368
8.1 Introduction 368
8.2 Lining Systems: Overview 369
8.3 Containment Lining systems 384
8.4 Cover Lining systems 420
8.5 Specifications 429
8.6 Construction Quality Assurance 436
9 Leachate Collection and Removal Systems 441
9.1 Introduction 441
9.2 LCRS Design 443
9.3 LCRS Analysis 452
9.4 Construction, Specification, and CQA 509
10 Stability Analyses and Design 515
10.1 Introduction 515
Section I: Analytical Methods 516
10.2 Limit Equilibrium Methods 516
10.3 Finite-Element Analyses 532
10.4 Seismic Stability Analyses 534
Section II: Design Applications 543
10.5 Typical Landfill Configuration 543
10.6 Excavation Slope Stability 546
10.7 Refuse Fill Stability 549
10.8 Cover System Stability 557
10.9 Seismic Stability 560
Appendix A Inspector's Checklist: Slurry Walls 565
Appendix B Settlement Analyses 568
B.1 Foundation Settlement 568
B.2 Refuse Settlement 575
Index 585