Methods in Physical Chemistry

Volume 1

PART I: Gas Phase

MANIPULATING THE MOTION OF COMPLEX MOLECULES: DEFLECTION, FOCUSING, AND DECELERATION OF MOLECULAR BEAMS FOR QUANTUM-STATE ANDCONFORMER SELECTION
Introduction: Controlled Molecules
Experimental Methods
Experimental Details
Selected Applications
Conclusions and Perspectives

LASER IONIZATION SPECTROSCOPY
Introduction
Basic Principles
Experimental Methods
Case Studies
Conclusions and Perspectives
Supplementary Material

MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR ION CHEMISTRY AND LINKS FROM THE GAS PHASE TO 'REAL' PROCESSES
Introduction
Key Experimental Methods
Ion Structures
Ion Energetics
Reactions of Neutral Molecules Studied by Mass Spectrometry
Ion Catalysis
Summary and Perspectives

PART II: Condensed-Phase

SOLID STATE NMR: A VERSATILE TOOL IN SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
Introduction
Basic Principles
Experimental Techniques
Selected Applications
Conclusion
Supplementary Material

EPR - ESR - EMR, AN ONGOING SUCCESS STORY
Introduction
Basic Principles
Experimental Methods
Case Studies
Conclusions and Perspectives
Supplementary Material

BROADBAND CONDUCTIVITY SPECTROSCOPY FOR STUDYING THE DYNAMICS OF MOBILE IONS IN MATERIALS WITH DISORDERED STRUCTURES
Introduction: 'Microscopy in Time' in Disordered Ionic Materials
Experimental Techniques: Spanning More Than 17 Decades in Frequency
Linear Response Theory: Current Density and Conductivity
Conductivity Spectra: Universal Properties Detected
'First' Universality: Spectra and Modeling
'Second' Universality: Spectra and Modeling

X-RAY ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY - THE METHOD AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Introduction

Basic Principles - the EXAFS Equation
Experimental Methods
Case Studies
Conclusion

DIFFRACTION METHODS: STRUCTURE DETERMINATION AND PHASE ANALYSIS OF SOLIDS
Introduction: Diffraction - What for?
Basic Principles of the Elastic Interaction of Radiation and Periodic Arrays of Atoms
Methods and Their Applications
Summary: Diffractometry-Where To?

SMALL-ANGLE X-RAY AND NEUTRON SCATTERING - TWO COMPLEMENTARY METHODS TO STUDY SOFT MATTER STRUCTURE
Introduction
Basic Theory of Small-Angle Scattering
X-Rays and Neutrons
Selected Applications
Conclusions

PERTURBED GAMMA TO GAMMA ANGULAR CORRELATION
Introduction
Basic Principles
Case Studies
Conclusions and Perspectives

MÖSSBAUER SPECTROSCOPY
Introduction
Basic Principles
Experimental Methods
Case Studies and Selected Applications
Outlook

ELECTRON ENERGY LOSS SPECTROSCOPY AS AN EXPERIMENTAL PROBE FOR THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND ELECTRONIC SITUATION OF SOLIDS
Introduction
Basics of EELS
Selected Applications of EELS
Outlook

Volume 2

PART III: Interfaces

RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY: PRINCIPLES, BENEFITS, AND APPLICATIONS
Introduction
Basic Principles: Raman Scattering
Experimental Methods
Applications of Raman Spectroscopy
Conclusion

DIFFUSE REFLECTANCE INFRARED FOURIER TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY: AN IN SITU METHOD FOR THE STUDY OF THE NATURE AND DYNAMICS OF SURFACE INTERMEDIATES
Introduction
Basic Principles
Experimental Set-Up
Application Examples
Summary

PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY: ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITION, CHEMICAL BONDING, AND ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF SURFACES AND INTERFACES
Introduction
Experimental Procedure
Case Studies: XPS
Case Studies: UPS
Conclusions and Perspectives
Supplementary Material

PHOTOELECTRON MICROSCOPY: IMAGING TOOLS FOR THE STUDY OF SURFACE REACTIONS WITH TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL RESOLUTION
Introduction
Basic Principles: Photoelectron-Based Analytical Techniques
Experimental Methods
Case Studies (Selected Applications)
Conclusions and Perspectives
Supplementary Material

SECONDARY ION MASS SPECTROMETRY - A POWERFUL TOOL FOR STUDYING ELEMENTAL DISTRIBUTIONS OVER VARIOUS LENGTH SCALES
Introduction
Basic Principles
Experimental Methods
Case Studies
Conclusions and Perspectives
Supplementary Material

APPLICATION OF THE QUARTZ MICROBALANCE IN ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Introduction
Basic Principles
Experimental Methods
Case Studies
Conclusions and Perspectives
Supplementary Material

THE SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE IN ELECTROCHEMISTRY: AN ATOMISTIC VIEW OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Introduction
Basic Principles
Experimental Methods
Case Studies
Conclusion and Perspectives
Supplementary Material

LOW-ENERGY ELECTRON DIFFRACTION: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY OF SURFACES AND INTERFACES
Introduction
Basic Principles
Experiment
Applications
Conclusions and Perspectives

PART IV: Biomolecules and Materials

FEMTOSECOND VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPIES AND APPLICATIONS TO HYDROGEN-BOND DYNAMICS IN CONDENSED PHASES
Introduction
Vibrational Pump - Probe Spectroscopy
Applications
Summary

THZ TECHNOLOGY AND THZ SPECTROSCOPY: MODELING AND EXPERIMENTS TO STUDY SOLVATION DYNAMICS OF BIOMOLECULES
THz Technology
THz Spectroscopy
THz Spectroscopy of Solvated Probes
Biomolecule Solvation and Terahertz Dynamics: Important Concepts
Precise Measurements of the THz Absorption Coefficient
THz Spectroscopy of Solvated Proteins
KITA: Kinetic THz Absorption Spectroscopy
Further Application of THz Absorption Spectroscopy

SINGLE-MOLECULE FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY: THE ULTIMATE LIMIT OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY IN THE CONDENSED PHASE
Introduction
Basic Principles
Methods
Single Quantum Systems: Anti-Bunching, Blinking, Anisotropy
Conclusions and Perspectives
Related Fields of Research

SCANNING PROBE METHODS: FROM MICROSCOPY TO SENSING
Introduction
Basic Principles and Experimental Techniques
Applications
Summary and Conclusion

SUPERCONDUCTING QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE MAGNETOMETRY
Introduction
Basic Principles
Experimental Magnetometrical Methods
Selected Applications
Supplementary Material

TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
Introduction
Components of a TEM Instrument
Specimen Preparation
Electron Diffraction
Image Contrast
High Resolution Imaging
Summary