The Image Processing Handbook

Part 1 Acquiring images: human reliance on images for information; using video cameras to acquire images; electronics and bandwidth limitations; high resolution imaging; colour imaging; multiple images; imaging requirements. Part 2 Correcting imaging defects: noisy images; neighbourhood averaging; neighbourhood ranking; other neighbourhood noise reduction methods; maximum entropy; contrast expansion; non-uniform illumination; fitting a background function; rank levelling; non-planar views; computer graphics; geometrical distortion; alignment. Part 3 Image enhancement (processing in the spatial domain): contrast manipulation; histogram equalization; Laplacian; derivatives; the Sobel and Kirsch operators; rank operations; texture; fractal analysis; implementation notes; image math; subtracting images; multiplication and division. Part 4 Processing images in frequency space: some necessary mathematical preliminaries; measuring images in the frequency domain; filtering images; convolution and correlation; conclusion; for further reading. Part 5 Segmentation and thresholding: thresholding; multi-band images; two-dimensional thresholds; multiband thresholding; thresholding from texture; multiple thresholding criteria; textural orientation; accuracy and reproducibility; including position information; selective histograms; boundary lines; contours; image representation; other segmentation methods; the general classification problem. Part 6 Processing binary images: Boolean operations; combining Boolean operations; masks; from Pixels to features; Boolean logic with features; erosion and dilation; opening and closing; isotropy; measurements using erosion and dilation; extension to grey scale images; the coefficient and depth parameters; examples of use; the cluster; skeletonization; boundary lines and thickening; Euclidean distance map; watershed segmentation; ultimate eroded points; fractal dimension measurement; medial axis transform; cluster analysis. Part 7 Tomography: basics of reconstruction; algebraic reconstruction methods; maximum entropy; defects in reconstructed images; imaging geometrics; three-dimensional tomography; high resolution tomography. Part 8 3D imaging: sources of 3D data; serial sections; optical sectioning; sequential removal; stereo; 3D data sets; slicing the data set; arbitrary section planes; the use of colour; volumetric display; stereo viewing; special display hardware; emission; reflection; surfaces; multiply connected surfaces; image processing in 3D; measurements on 3D images; conclusions.