The Unknown Black Book

Editor's Preface The Destruction of the Jews in the German-occupied Territories of the Soviet Union by Yitzhak Arad; The History and Fate of The Black Book and The Unknown Black Book by Ilya Altman; Note on the Translation Introduction: The War and the Final Solution on the Russian Front by Joshua Rubenstein I. Ukraine 1. Life in occupied Kiev: The recollections of Ida S. Belozovskaya; 2. A list of members of the Jewish intelligentsia, with their families, who perished at Babi Yar. Compiled by A. Kagan, January 15, 1945; 3. Nineteen months in a coffin: The story of the midwife Sofia Borisovna Eisenstein-Dolgusheva; 4. A stranger from the other world: The story of the artist Felix Zinovievich Giterman; 5. How I was saved from Hitler: The recollections of the teacher Emilia Borisovna Kotlova. From letters to Ilya Ehrenburg, 1945; 6. A Forced Labor Camp: The recollections of Stepan Yakimovich Shenfeld, [1943]; Kharkov; 7. The Story of One Individual Who Was Saved from the Kharkov Ghetto: The recollections of the engineer S. S. Krivoruchko; 8. Pages from Dante: From the diary of Kharkov resident N. F. Belonozhko. Prepared by Vladimir Lidin, [1941-42]; 9. The Destruction of the Jews of Kharkov: The recollections of Nina Mogilevskaya, wife of a laborer and race car driver. Recorded by S. Golivanivsky; 10. Why did it happen to us? The recollections of Dr. Lidia Maximovna Slipchenko (Kozman), [1944]; 11. The Story of Anna Morgulis from Odessa. Recorded by R. A. Davis.; Translated by M. Bregman, [1944]; 12. In prison for concealing Jews: The testimony of nurse Alexandra Yakovlevna Volovtseva, May 10, 1944. From the files of the Extraordinary State Commission for the Investigation of Atrocities Committed on Soviet Territory by the German-Fascist Invaders and their Accomplices (ChGK); 13. To avenge my children: A letter from Tatiana Rekochinskaya to her brother, Abram, on active duty in the army, (1944); 14. My life in a fascist prison: The recollections and verses of the schoolboy Lev Rozhetsky, April 4-August 16, 1944; 15. In occupied Odessa and Transnistria: The recollections of Dr. Israel Borisovich Adesman and the list he compiled of Odessa doctors who perished. Recorded by his wife, Rakhil Iosifovna Goldental, [1944]; 16. The camp at Bogdanovka: The testimony of Filipp Borisovich Klinov, Pavel Ivanovich Stonoga, Karp Korneevich Sheremet, and Vera Pavlovna Kabanets, May 1-2, 1944. From the archives of the Extraordinary State Commission; 17. Resistance: A report on the activities of an underground group in Odessa, [1944]; 18. The escape of twenty-five Jewish girls from the Tulchin ghetto:; Reminiscences of the partisan fighter Golda Wasserman, [1944]; 19. Mama, save me! A letter from Blyuma Isaakovna Bronfin, Khmelnik, Vinnitsa region, to Ilya Ehrenburg, (1944); 20. Avenge us! Farewell inscriptions on the walls of the synagogue in Kovel, Volynsk district. Letter from Sergeant S. N. Grutman to Ilya Ehrenburg, December 2, 1944; 21. The fate of the Jews of the small town of Edinitsa, Khotinsky district, Chernovitz region. From a letter by Rakhil Fradis-Milner to Rakhil Kovnator, September 25, 1944; 22. The boy from Berdichev: The story of Chaim Roitman; 23. At the family grave: The fate of the Jews of the town of Chudnov, Zhitomir region. Recorded by P. Zozulya, February 15-16, 1944; 24. Tragedy in the town of Slavuta, Kamenets-Podol Region: The stories of Dr. Voitseshchuk, the Catholic priest Milevsky, the teacher Vysotskaya, the worker Fyodorova, and the metalworker Enin. Recorded by Major Z. G. Ostrovsky, February 14, 1944; 25. Tanks were crushing people: Atrocities against the Jews, the civilian population, and prisoners of war in the city of Debaltsevo. The stories of M.Yu. Katz and Nikulin. Recorded by A. Murovsky; 26. Local Petlura supporters slaughtered all of the Jews in the town of Medvedino, Kiev region. Letter from A. M. Karmayan to Ilya Ehrenburg, November [1944]; 27. In the town of Pyatigora, Kiev Region: The recollections of Raisa Zelenkova; 28. In the city of Shpola and its environs: Stories of local inhabitants recorded by a teacher named Kruglyak, [1944]; 29. In Uman: The recollections of Manya Feingold, 1944; 30. What I went through in fascist captivity: A letter from 9-year-old Boris Gershenzon from Uman to the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee, [1944]; 31. The story of the partisan Raisa Dudnik, who escaped from Uman. Recorded by Miriam Zheleznova, [1944]; 32. Do not consider me a stranger: A letter from Olga Suprun of Zolotonosha to the family of her husband, Boris Yudkovsky, January 12, 1944; 33. He is my husband: Letters from Nadezhda Tereshchenko of Kirovograd to Major A.A. Rozen, [1944]; 34. Fate: The recollections of the wife of the engineer F. Krepak of Dniepropetrovsk, 1944; 35. The rescue of Jews by local inhabitants of Starozhentsky, Chernovitsk Region: Accounts of survivors recorded by I.G. Kon. Translated by D. Manevich, 1944; 36. The rescue of a Jewish family in the Novo-Zlatopolsk district, Zaporozhe region: An account by Leah Tsviling. Recorded by Dmitri Stonov, 1944; 37. The fraternal grave of ten orphans in the steppe. Recorded by N. G. Kon. Translated by D. Manevich, [1944]; 38. The shooting of Hungarian Jews in Sumy: The recollections of the student Tatyana Taranova, [1944]; 39. Liquidation of the Ternopol ghetto: Testimony of the German non-commissioned officer P. Traugot, [1942]; 40. The destruction of the Jews of Mariupol: The diary of the student Sarra Gleikh,; [1941]; 41. An execution in Mariupol: A letter from Samuil Aronovich Belous. Prepared by S. Golovanivsky II. Belorussia 42. In the Minsk ghetto: From the notes of the partisan Mikhail Grichanik. Prepared by A. Margulis, [1944]; 43. Five pogroms in Minsk: Accounts of Perla Aginskaya, Malka Kofman, Darya Lyusik, and Raisa Gelfond. Recorded by Major A. Krasov, [1944]; 44. An account by Professor Prilezhaev about the fate of the Jews in the Minsk Ghetto. Recorded by M. Grubiyan; 45. The liquidation of the Minsk Ghetto: An account by Abram Mashkeleyson. Recorded by A. Idin. Translated by D. Manevich, [1944]; 46. They were dealing in children: Accounts of Maria Gotovtseva, Marfa Orlova, and Fenya Lepeshko. Recorded by A. Verbitsky; 47. Minsk Hell: The recollections of the teacher Sofia Ozerskaya; 48. The recollections of Dr. Cecilia Mikhailovna Shapiro. Recorded by A.V. Veysbrod, September 20, 1944; 49. A meeting in Minsk: Accounts of Tamara Gershakovich, Captain Lifshitz, and Sofia Disner. Recorded by L. Katzovich; 50. The camp and ghetto in Minsk: A letter from the frontline soldier M. Lokshin to Ilya Ehrenburg, [February 1945]; 51. A prisoner in the Minsk camp: The recollections of Red Army soldier Yefim Leynov, March 14, 1943; 52. The gassing of the inhabitants of Minsk in mobile gas vans and the shooting of Minsk Jews. Stenogram of the interrogation of a German officer named Julius Raihof, July 21, 1944. From the documents of the Extraordinary State Commission; 53. Shootings, gallows, human torches: Accounts of the inhabitants of the town of Starye Dorogi. Recorded by M. Grubiyan. Translated by D. Manevich; 54. Extermination of the Jews in western Belorussia: An account by L. Shaus. Translated by D. Manevich; 55. Reports by partisans from the town of Slutsk. Recorded by M. Grubiyan. Translated by D. Manevich; 56. In the town of Lyubavich. Recorded by M. Grubiyan. Translated by M. Bregman, [1944]; 57. In Chausy: An account by the local resident Larisa Grigorievna Gmenko. Recorded by S. Bank; 58. The death of a heroic schoolteacher in Chausy. Recorded by M. Grubiyan; 59. The Germans in Mozyr. Recorded by M. Grubiyan. Translated by M. Bregman; 60. Liquidation of the Jews in Mstislav. Recorded by F. Krasotkin, January 2, 1944; 61. Nazi atrocities in Cherikov. Recorded by M. Tsunts, November 25, 1943 III. Lithuania 62. The truth about the terror against the Jews in Lithuania during the German Occupation of 1941: An appeal to the nations of the world. From the diary of Dr. Viktor Kutorga. Translated from the German by K. Gershater; 63. Kaunas during the occupation: Accounts of local residents and the partisan, Aron Vilenchuk. Recorded by Major Z. G. Ostrovsky, [1944]; 64. The Kaunas Ghetto: The recollections of Viktor Lazerson, [1944]; 65. Extermination of the Jewish children in Kaunas: Account of Maria Ilinichna Yarmovskaya; 66. Killing the Jews in the town of Stoklishka: Accounts of Maria Yarmolinskaya and Sarra Epstein. Recorded by Major Z.G. Ostrovsky, [1944]; 67. The small town of Stoklishki: The recollections of Rasha Shuster, [1944]; 68. What happened in Telshyay to the entire Jewish population of Zhmuda: Accounts of local inhabitants Nesya Miselevich, Vecksler, and Yazhgur. Recorded by L. Yerusalimsky; 69. Slaughter in the town of Utyan: The recollections of Tsodik Yakovlevich Bleyman, [1945]; 70. Killing the Jews of Sventsyan: A letter from a local resident named Guryan to Ilya Ehrenburg, November 20, 1944; 71. A camp in Kotsyunishki: A letter from the worker Itsik Yukhnikov IV. Latvia 72. Our situation is hopeless and yet: The fate of the Jews of Libava according to the diaries of Kalman Linkimer. Prepared by Sh. Goman. Translated by M. Shambadal, June 11, [1944]; 73. The voice of Sheyna Gram: The diary of a 15-year-old girl from the town of Preyli. Foreword and translation from Yiddish by B. Gertzbach, June 22-August 8, 1941; 74. The death of 5,000 Jews in Rezekna (Rezhitsa): Account by Chaim and Yakov Izraelit. Recorded by B. Gertzbach, [1944] V. Estonia 75. In the camps of Estonia: Stenographic record of a conversation with Nisim Anolik; VI. The Crimea; 76. Stenographic record of a conversation with Simferopol resident Yevsei Yefimovich Gopshteyn. Recorded by D. Brichinsky, August 16-17, 1944; 77. Account by the bookkeeper Lev Yurovsky of Simferopol. Recorded by Lev Kvitko, [1944]; 78. The story of the Simferopol tailor Max Solomin. Recorded by Lev Kvitko, [1944]; 79. The death and rescue of Jewish children in Simferopol: The stories of Lyusa Rabin and Miriam Paver. [Recorded by Lev Kvitko], [1944]; 80. In the attic, in the Gestapo's courtyard (in the city of Feodosia). A sketch by Lazar Lagin, [1945]; 81. Alla-Roza Brazgol, A girl from Feodosia. Recorded by Lev Kvtiko; 82. The destruction of the Crimean Jewish colonies. Prepared by Lev Kvitko. From the reports of the Extraordinary State Commisson VII. Russia 83. The Germans in Essentuki: A letter from the painter, L. N. Tarabukin, and his wife, D. R. Goldshteyn, to the writer, Yu. Kalugin, [1943]; 84. The rescue of a Jewish family from the village of Khislavich, Smolensk region: A letter from B. M. Sorina to Ilya Ehrenburg; 85. Town of Novozybkov--800 victims in one day: A letter from Anastasia Mikheylitz to Kalman Ayzenshteyn concerning the fate of her family. Prepared by A Kagan. Translated by M. Bregman; 86. Nazi cannibals: An account by Eva Piletskaya, a resident of Kursk. Prepared by F. Krasotkin, January 28, 1944; 87. The death of my father: The story of Evgeniya Shendels, assistant professor, Moscow Institute of Foreign Languages; 88. The petition: A sketch by Roza Bass of Kursk; 89. They suffered through this themselves: Accounts of Hungarian Jews. Recorded by P. Balashov, December 20, 1942; 90. Murder of the Jews in the Kalinin region: From the notebook of the woman partisan I. Klavdia VIII. Prisoners of War 91. Glukhov camp: The recollections of M. Yu. Kofman, January 20, 1945; 92. In German captivity, escape, and wandering through Ukraine: A letter from Red Army soldier Alexander Shapiro, November 19, 1942; 93. Rescue from a POW camp in the village of Latonovo, Rostov region: A survivor's account