One-dimensional Metals

Part 1 Introduction: dimensionality; approaching one-dimensionality from outside and from inside; dimensionality of carbon-solids; peculiarities of one-dimensional systems. Part 2 One-dimensional substances: A15 compounds; krogmann salts; Alchemists' gold; bechgaard salts and other charge transfer compounds; polysulfurnitride 35; phthalocyanines and other macrocycles; transition metal chalcogenides and halides; conducting polymers; halogen-bridged mixed-valence transition metal complexes. Part 3 One-dimensional solid state physics: crystal lattice and translation symmetry; reciprocal lattice, reciprocal space; electrons and phonons in a crystal, dispersion relations; nearly free electron model, energy bands, energy gap, density of states. Part 4 Electron-phonon coupling, peierls transition. Part 5 Conducting polymers - solitons and polarons: general remarks on conducting polymers; conjugated double bonds; conjugational defects; solitons; generation of solitons; non-degenerate ground state polymers - polarons; fractional charges; soliton lifetime. Part 6 Conducting polymers - conductivity: general remarks on conductivity; measuring conductivities; conductivity in one-dimension - localization; conductivity and solitons; experimental data; hopping conductivity; conductivity of highly conducting polymers. Part 7 Superconductivity: basic phenomena; measuring superconductivity; applications of superconductivity; superconductivity and one-dimensionality; organic superconductors; one-dimensional organic superconductors; two-dimensional organic superconductors; three-dimensional organic superconductors; future prospects. Part 8 Charge density waves: coulomb interaction, 4kF charge density waves, spin peierls wave, spin density waves; phonon dispersion relation, phase and amplitude mode in charge density wave excitations; electronic structure, Peierls-Frohlich mechanism of superconductivity; pinning, commensurability, solitons; field induced spin density waves, quantized hall effect. Part 9 Molecular electronics: miniaturization; one-dimensional and organic materials for molecular electronics; early and radical concepts; molecular materials for electronics; biocomputing; selected experiments. Part 10 Applications: superconductivity and high conductivity; electromagnetic shielding; field smoothening in cables; capacitors; through-hole electroplating; loudspeakers; antistatic protective bags; other electrostatic dissipation applications; conducting polymers for welding of plastics; polymer batteries; electrochemical polymer actuators; electrochromic displays, "Smart Windows"; electrochemical sensors; solar cells; gas separating membranes; corrosion protection; field effect transistors; light emitting devices; outlook.