Metabonomics in Toxicity Assessment

AN OVERVIEW OF METABONOMICS, J.C. Lindon, E. Holmes, and J.K. NicholsonIntroductionThe Metabolic ContinuumBiomarkersBrief Overview of Metabonomic TechniquesSummaryOVERVIEW OF BIOMARKERS, J. TimbrellIntroductionBiomarkers of ExposureBiomarkers of ResponseBiomarkers of SusceptibilityNMR SPECTROSCOPY: PRINCIPLES AND INSTRUMENTATION, M.D. Reily and J.C. LindonIntroductionPrinciples of NMR SpectroscopyOperational MethodsRealization of NMR Spectroscopy in a Metabonomics LaboratoryConclusionsNMR SPECTROSCOPY OF BIOFLUIDS, J.C. Lindon, J.K. Nicholson, and E. HolmesIntroductionPracticalities of 1D 1H NMR Spectroscpopy of BiofluidsTechniques for Resonance Assignment in NMR Spectra of Biofluids1H NMR Spectroscopy of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)1H NMR Spectroscopy of Blood Plasma and Whole Blood1H NMR Spectroscopy of Human and Animal Urine1H NMR Spectroscopy of Seminal Fluids1H NMR Spectroscopy of BileNMR Spectroscopy of Miscellaneous Body FluidsNMR Studies of Dynamic InteractionsConcluding Remarks1H MAGIC ANGLE SPINNING NMR SPECTROSCOPY OF TISSUES, J.L. Griffin, J.K. Nicholson, E. Holmes, and J.C. LindonIntroductionMagic-Angle-Spinning (MAS) NMR Spectroscopy: Principles and PracticeApplications of 1H MAS NMR Spectroscopy to MetabonomicsFuture Directions and Challenges for 1H MAS NMR SpectroscopyTHE APPLICATION OF METABONOMICS AS AN EARLY IN VIVO TOXICITY SCREEN, G.J. Stevens, A.J. Deese, and D.G. RobertsonIntroductionExperimental ConsiderationsExamplesScreening ModelsConclusionSTRATEGIES AND TECHNIQUES FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF ENDOGENOUS AND XENOBIOTIC METABOLITES DETECTED IN METABONOMIC STUDIES, J. Shockcor and I.D. WilsonIntroductionXenobiotic and Endogenous Metabolite Identification Directly from BiofluidsLow Resolution, Off-Line Techniques for the Isolation of UnknownsDirect On-Line Methods of Identifying UnknownsMiniaturizationConclusionsMULTI- AND MEGAVARIATE DATA ANALYSIS: FINDING AND USING REGULARITIES IN METABONOMICS DATA, L. Eriksson, E. Johansson, H. Antti, and E. HolmesIntroductionData-Analytical MethodsResults for Example Data Set I-A Metabonomic Investigation of PhospholipidosisResults for Example Data Set II-Defining the Dynamic Sequence of Biochemical Events Following the Onset of ToxicityDiscussionConcluding RemarksUSE OF METABONOMICS TO STUDY TARGET ORGAN TOXICITY, C.E. Thomas, E. Holmes, and D.G. RobertsonIntroductionHepatic ToxicityRenal ToxicityVascular ToxicityPHYSIOLOGICAL VARIATION IN LABORATORY ANIMALS AND HUMANS, M.E. Bollard, E.G. Stanley, Y. Wang, J.C. Lindon, J.K. Nicholson, and E. HolmesIntroductionPhysiological Variation in Laboratory AnimalsPhysiological Variation in HumansENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS OF METABONOMIC PROFILING, J.G. BundyDifferences to Clinical StudiesCharacterization of Baseline Data by NMR SpectroscopyToxicological and Related StudiesConclusions and Future Impl