Introduction to Criminal Justice
Description
Introduction to Criminal Justice: Systems, Diversity, and Change, Fourth Edition, introduces your students to criminal justice by weaving four true criminal case studies throughout the book, capturing students’ attention with memorable stories that illustrate the real-life pathways and outcomes of criminal behavior and victimization.
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Persons
Callie Marie Rennison is the Director of Equity, and Title IX Coordinator at the University of Colorado Denver | Anschutz Medical Campus. In addition, she is a full professor, and former Associate Dean of Faculty Affairs in the School of Public Affairs, University of Colorado Denver. She earned a PhD in 1997 in political science from the University of Houston, University Park. Her areas of research interest include investigating the nature, extent, and consequences of violent victimization, with an emphasis on research methodology, quantitative analysis, and measurement. Much of this research focuses on violence against women, violence against minority groups such as African Americans and Hispanics, crime data, and victim interaction with the criminal justice system. Callie recently served on a National Academies committee examining domestic sex trafficking of minors in the United States. Her research has appeared in numerous journals, including the Journal of Quantitative Criminology, Justice Quarterly, Violence and Victims, and Violence Against Women. Callie has taught a variety of graduate and undergraduate courses, including statistics, research methods, murder in America, crime and the media, and introduction to criminal justice.
Callie was awarded the School of Public Affairs Research and Creative Activities Award in 2013, the Teaching Award in 2011, and the Service Award in 2015. In 2016, she was awarded the American Society of Criminology's Bonnie S. Fisher Victimology Career Award to recognize significant contributions in the area of Victimology over her lifetime.
Content
Thank You
About the Authors
Part I: Foundations
Chapter 1. An Introduction to Crime and the Criminal Justice System
Introduction: Making Our Way Through the Criminal Justice System
What Is the Criminal Justice System?
How Does the Criminal Justice System Work?
What Is Crime?
Crime Definitions Change Over Time
The Criminal Justice System: Purpose and Perspectives
Criminal Justice and Public Policy
Crime and the Media
Criminal Justice Versus Criminology
Chapter Wrap-Up
Key Points
Key Terms
Review Questions
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 2. The Nature and Extent of Crime
Introduction: Why and How Is Crime Measured?
FBI Measurement of Crime
Bureau of Justice Statistics Measurement of Crime
Violent and Property Crime Rates and Trends
Measuring Cybercrime, Terrorism, and White-Collar Crime
Fear and Risk of Victimization
Theory in Criminal Justice
Chapter Wrap-Up
Key Points
Key Terms
Review Questions
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 3. Criminal Justice and the Law
Introduction: The Development of Law
History of Law
The Role and Purpose of Law
Sources of Criminal Law
Types of Law
Legal Definitions
Criminal Defenses
Evolving Standards and Practices
The Rights of Victims
Chapter Wrap-Up
Key Points
Key Terms
Review Questions
Critical Thinking Matters
Part II: Law Enforcement
Chapter 4. The History of Policing
Introduction: Policing as a Dynamic Entity
Early English Policing
Colonial America and Policing
Advancing Professionalism in Policing: 20th-Century Reform
Diversity in Policing
Unrest in Policing (1960s and 1970s)
Chapter Wrap-Up
Key Points
Key Terms
Review Questions
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 5. On the Streets: Organization, Responsibilities, and Challenges
Introduction: Contemporary Policing
The Police Organization
The Police Role
Who Are the Police?
Community Policing
Intelligence-Led/Evidence-Based Policing
21st-Century Policing
Controversial Issues in Policing
Chapter Wrap-Up
Key Points
Key Terms
Review Questions
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 6. Police and the Rule of Law
Introduction: The Importance of Justice, Law, and Order
Police and the Courts
Due Process and Police Activities
Technology
Warrant Requirements and Serving Warrants
Custodial Interrogation
Chapter Wrap-Up
Key Points
Key Terms
Review Questions
Critical Thinking Matters
Part III: Courts
Chapter 7. The Courts and Judiciary
Introduction: The Court Process
Federal and State Court Systems
Court Congestion and the Consequences
Specialized and Problem-Solving Courts
The Judiciary
Diversity in the Judiciary
Court Administration and Management
Chapter Wrap-Up
Key Points
Key Terms
Review Questions
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 8. The Prosecution, Defense, and Pretrial Activities
Introduction: Actors and Procedures in the Courtroom
The Prosecutor
The Defense Attorney
After the Arrest: Charging the Defendant
Bail and Pretrial Events
Plea Bargains
Discovery, Motions, and Scheduling
Jury Selection
Diversity and Pretrial Events
Technology in the Courtroom
Chapter Wrap-Up
Key Points
Key Terms
Review Questions
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 9. The Criminal Trial and Sentencing
Introduction: The Criminal Trial and Sentencing
Reaching a Verdict
Sentencing
A Special Criminal Trial: Capital Cases
Victims of Crime and the Criminal Trial
Chapter Wrap-Up
Key Points
Key Terms
Review Questions
Critical Thinking Matters
Part IV: Corrections
Chapter 10. Correctional Responses in the Community
Introduction: Corrections in the Community
The History of Corrections in the Community in the United States
Contemporary Use of Corrections in the Community
Goals of Correctional Responses in the Community
Types of Correctional Responses in the Community
Effectiveness of Corrections in the Community
Probation Officers
Diversity in Community Corrections
Technology and Community Corrections
Chapter Wrap-Up
Key Points
Key Terms
Review Questions
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 11. Institutional Corrections
Introduction: Institutional Corrections
Historical Perspectives in Institutional Corrections
Current Perspectives in Institutional Corrections
Contemporary Jails and Lockups
Contemporary Prisons
Diversity in Jails and Prisons
Technology and Institutional Corrections
Chapter Wrap-Up
Key Points
Key Terms
Review Questions
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 12. Prison Life and Life After Prison
Introduction: Living in Prison
Classification Systems and Solitary Confinement
Prison Violence
Prison Challenges
Life After Prison: Parole and Reentry
Chapter Wrap-Up
Key Points
Key Terms
Review Questions
Critical Thinking Matters
Part V: Beyond The Basics
Chapter 13. The Juvenile Justice System
Introduction: The Juvenile Justice System
Juvenile Justice: A Brief History
Establishing Juvenile Rights
The Contemporary Juvenile Justice System
Steps in the Juvenile Justice System
Chapter Wrap-Up
Key Points
Key Terms
Review Questions
Critical Thinking Matters
Chapter 14. Exploring Specialized and Topical Issues
Introduction: Overview of Specialized and Topical Issues
Terrorism and Homeland Security
Domestic Human and Sex Trafficking
The #MeToo Movement
Hate Crimes and Bias-Motivated Crimes
Violence Against College Students
Forensic Science
CSI Effect
Chapter Wrap-Up
Key Points
Key Terms
Review Questions
Critical Thinking Matters
Appendix: The Bill of Rights
Glossary
Notes
Index