Writing Arguments

I.OVERVIEW OF ARGUMENT. 1.Argument: An Introduction. What Do We Mean By Argument? The Defining Features of Argument. Argument and the Problem of Truth. A Successful Process of Argumentation: The Well-Functioning Committee. Petition to Waive the University Math Requirement, Gordon Adams. Conclusion. 2.Reading Arguments. Why Reading Arguments Is Important for Writers of Argument. Suggestions for Improving Your Reading Process. Strategies for Reading Arguments: An Overview. Strategy 1: Reading as a Believer. The Coming White Underclass, Charles Murray. Strategy 2: Reading as a Doubter. Strategy 3: Seeking Out Alternative Views and Analyzing Sources of Disagreement. 'Letter to the Editor' in Response to Charles Murray, Patricia Bucalo. 'Letter to the Editor' in Response to Charles Murray, Pamela J. Maraldo. Excerpt from New Cultural Conscience Shifts the Welfare Debate, John Leo. Wrong Way to Reform Welfare, Dorothy Gilliam. An Analysis of the Sources of Disagreement between Murray and Gilliam (A Sample Analysis Essay). Strategy 4: Evaluating the Conflicting Positions. Conclusion. 3.Writing Arguments. A Brief Description of Writers Process. Strategies For Improving Your Writing Process. Using Expressive Writing For Discovery and Exploration. Shaping Your Argument. Using Expressive Writing to Discover and Explore Ideas: Two Sets of Exploratory Tasks. II.PRINCIPLES OF ARGUMENT. 4.The Core of an Argument: A Claim with Reasons. The Rhetorical Triangle. Issue Questions as the Origins of Argument. The Difference Between a Genuine Argument and a Pseudo-argument. Frame of an Argument: A Claim Supported by Reasons. Application of this Chapters Principles to Your Own Writing. Application of this Chapters Principles to the Reading of Arguments. 5.The Logical Structure of Arguments. Overview to Logos: What Do We Mean by the 'Logical Structure' of an Argument. Adopting a Language For Describing Arguments: The Toulmin System. Using Toulmins Schema to Determine a Strategy of Support. Conclusion. 6.Evidence in Argument. Using Evidence From Personal Experience. Using Evidence from Interviews, Surveys, and Questionnaires. Using Evidence from Readings. Using Numerical Data and Statistics. What to Do When the Experts Disagree. Writing Your Own Argument: Using Evidence Persuasively. Conclusion. Choose Life, Dao Do (student). 7.Moving Your Audience: Audience-Based Reasons Ethos, and Pathos. Starting From Your Readers Beliefs: The Power of Audience-Based Reasons. Ethos and Pathos as Persuasive Appeals: An Overview. How to Create and Effective Ethos: The Appeal to Credibility. How to Create Pathos: The Appeal to Beliefs and Emotions. The InterRelatedness of Logos, Ethos, and Pathos: Where Should I Reveal My Thesis? Minneapolis Pornography Ordinance, Ellen Goodman. Our Rewrite of the Same Essay into the Classical Argument Structure. Conclusion.