Neuroprosthetics: from Basic Research to Clinical Applications

1: Natural control of movement and posture.- Feedforword postural control during movement.- Is the center of gravity controlled during movement?.- Basic neurophysiology and FES.- Correlation analysis as a tool for defining strategies of movement.- Plasticity of primary motor areas of the brain after stroke - a motor cortex stimulation study.- Locomotor capacity of spinal cord in paraplegic patients.- Stretch reflex variations during gait.- Modulation of the Hoffmann reflex of soleus during the walking cycle in stroke patients and associated control of ankle joint movement.- 2: Contraction and fatigue of stimulated muscles.- Muscle recruitment with surface and implanted electrodes.- The effect of contractile activity on the damaged skeletal muscle and the application on paraplegic locomotion.- A dynamic model of electrically stimulated knee muscles in healthy and paraplegics.- A model for an artificially activated musculoskeletal system.- Physiologically based multi-input model of muscle activation.- Novel stimulation strategies for the recruitment of paralysed muscle.- Towards an optimized muscle controller.- The function of neuromuscular junction in upper motor neuron weakness.- Fatigue indices in electrically stimulated quadriceps muscle with surface electrodes.- Muscle fatigue facing continuous and intermittent simulation and recovery from fatigue.- Fatigue of intermittently stimulated human quadriceps: influence of knee angular velocity.- 3: Control strategies in FES.- A comprehensive FES control system for mobility restoration in paraplegics.- Control of the first generation CALIES implants.- Description of the CALTES external controller.- Design of a multisensor closed-loop neurostimulator. Part A: Communication unit with wireless data link and digital signal processor.- Design of a multisensor closed-loop neurostimulator. Part B: Input and output stage.- A modular system for controlled FES and therapy of paralyses.- Optimized experimental control of FES-induced swing phase of paraplegic gait.- Development of control strategies for FES- supported closed-loop standing-up.- Unsupported standing of paraplegics by stimulation of the plantarflexors: some results from the wobbler apparatus.- Biomechanical simulation of the lower extremity for the development of control strategies for FES.- Biomechanical modelling in artificial control of FES assisted mobility.- Inverse models for control of movements.- Neural networks for the control of posture and locomotion.- Self tuning control in FES with compensation of nonlinear recruitment characteristics by artificial neural networks.- 4: Biomechanics applied to neuroprosthetics.- Biomechanical simulation and animation of the lower extremity for the design of neural prostheses.- Optimal trajectory generation for a paralegic patient raising from a chair by means of FES.- Crutch assisted FES gait and upright stability assessment.- Sensor staircase for the measurement of ground reaction loads: preliminary results.- Modeling of joint-rotations during line tracking arm movements.- 5: Artificial and natural sensors.- 3D movement analysis using accelerometry - theoretical concepts.- Restoration of lateral hand grasp using natural sensors.- Extraction of slip information from digital nerve signals in man.- Characterization of the ENG activity from a digital nerve for feedback control in grasp neuroprostheses.- Selective intraneural sensing for neuroprosthetics.- Myoelectric signals from paretic wrist extensor controlling electrical stimulation of the same muscle.- Study of methods for decomposition of superimposed signals with application to electromyograms.- 6: Spasticity: pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment.- Which spinal cord neurophysiologic mechanisms are responsible for spasticity?.- Biomechanical and neurophysiological implications on spasticity assessment.- A new biomechanical approach to pendulum test for spasticity evaluation.- A comparison of clinical and biomechanical assessments of spinal spasticity.- Parameters controlling antispastic electical stimulation: clinical application and theoretical considerations.- Clinical considerations on spasticity and FES.- Pharmacologic management of spasticity.- Management of spasticity - Southport experience.- 7: Orthotics and hybrid systems.- Powered hip orthosis.- On the improvement provided by hip transversal rotation on paralegic gait walking with reciprocating orthosis.- Mechanical orthoses and FES for patients with complete thoracic lesions.- Hybrid FES/reciprocating gait orthosis design.- Hybrid system for upright mobility with unlockable orthotic knee for knee bending during swing phase.- 8: Clinical application of surface FES for motor functions.- Multichannel electrical stimulation in hemiparatic patients.- Multi-channel FES therapy in rehabilitation of gait in stroke patients.- Restoration of gait by FES in stroke and spinal cord injury patients.- Long term electrically induced cycling in SCI. A pilot study.- Preliminary results of muscle strength, indurance and metabolism in the wrist extensors of tetraplegics following 12 weeks of electrically induced training.- 9: Implanted systems and neuroprosthetics for autonomic functions.- Biomechanical basis of the choice of the stimulated muscles for CALIES program.- Dual channel implantable stimulator system for selective stimulation of ankle dorsal flexors and evertors.- Lumbar anterior root stimulator for lower limb control in paraplegia.- Initial results with a lumbar/sacral anterior root stimulator implant.- Augmentation of pulmonary ventilation by electrical stimulation of abdominal muscles..- Functional recovery of respiration: phrenic nerve stimulation.- Modelling and evaluation of a nerve cuff electrode.