Foundations of Structural Geology
Published on 25. February 2012
Book
Paperback/Softback
148 pages
978-94-011-6578-5 (ISBN)
Description
In the Preface to the first edition of this book, nitions and explanations of a number of import published in 1983, I explained my reasons for ant stratigraphic and structural concepts that writing the book as follows. need to be understood in the early stages of 'There are already a number of excellent books learning structural geology from geological covering the various aspects of Structural Geo maps. It must be stressed, however, that geolo logy. Among these are works by Hobbs, Means gical map interpretation must be carried out as a and Williams, Jaeger and Cook, Price, Ramsay, complement to any theoretical treatment of the and Turner and Weiss, all of which I have used subject, in order to appreciate structure in three extensively in preparing this book and have listed dimensions. therein as further reading. However, these text I have also made numerous corrections and improvements to the text and also to the illus books are rather advanced for many students commencing the study of geology, and for many trations, many of which have been replaced. In years I have been aware of the lack of a suitable doing this, I have incorporated many helpful elementary book which I could recommend to suggestions from colleagues and reviewers. In beginners.
More details
Edition
Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1989
Language
English
Place of publication
Dordrecht
Netherlands
Target group
Professional and scholarly
Research
Illustrations
Illustrations, black and white
Dimensions
Height: 24.4 cm
Width: 17 cm
Weight
294 gr
ISBN-13
978-94-011-6578-5 (9789401165785)
DOI
10.1007/978-94-011-6576-1
Schweitzer Classification
Other editions
Additional editions
R. G. Park
Foundations of Structural Geology
Book
04/1993
Kluwer Academic Publishers
€85.55
Article exhausted; check different version
Content
1: Morphology-how to describe and classify structures.- 1 Faults and fractures.- 1.1 Rock fractures.- 1.2 Fault geometry and nomenclature.- 1.3 Rocks produced by faulting (fault rocks).- 1.4 Features associated with fault planes.- 1.5 Fault associations.- 1.6 Joints.- 2 Folds.- 2.1 Meaning and significance of folds.- 2.2 Basic fold geometry and nomenclature.- 2.3 Fold orientation.- 2.4 Classification of folds.- 2.5 Description of fold systems.- 2.6 Folds in three dimensions.- 2.7 Relationship between faults, folds and ductile shears.- 3 Foliation, lineation and fabric.- 3.1 Foliation.- 3.2 Lineation.- 3.3 Boudinage.- 3.4 Fabric.- 4 Igneous bodies.- 4.1 The significance of igneous bodies in structural geology.- 4.2 Structures found within igneous bodies.- 4.3 Structural classification of igneous bodies.- 2: Deformation-how structures are formed.- 5 Stress.- 5.1 Force and stress.- 5.2 Normal stress and shear stress.- 5.3 Stress at a 'point'-the stress components.- 5.4 Principal stresses and the stress axial cross.- 5.5 Stresses acting on a given plane.- 5.6 Hydrostatic and deviatoric stresses.- 5.7 Stress fields and stress trajectories.- 6 Strain.- 6.1 Nature of strain.- 6.2 Measurement of strain.- 6.3 Principal strain axes and the strain ellipsoid.- 6.4 Pure shear and simple shear (distortion and rotation).- 6.5 Special types of homogeneous strain.- 6.6 Volume change during deformation.- 6.7 Graphical representation of homogeneous strain.- 6.8 Progressive deformation and finite strain.- 6.9 Relationship between stress and strain.- 7 Stress and strain in materials.- 7.1 Ideal elastic and viscous strain.- 7.2 Viscoelastic, elastoviscous and plastic behaviour.- 7.3 Brittle and ductile behaviour.- 7.4 The effects of variation in stress.- 7.5 Interrelationship of stress, strain and time.- 7.6 The effect of confining pressure.- 7.7 The effect of temperature.- 7.8 The effect of pore-fluid pressure.- 7.9 The effect of strain-rate.- 7.10 Summary: physical controls on strain behaviour.- 7.11 Mechanisms of rock deformation.- 8 Determination of strain in rocks.- 8.1 Finding the principal strain axes.- 8.2 Use of initially spherical objects.- 8.3 Use of deformed conglomerates.- 8.4 Use of bilaterally symmetrical fossils.- 8.5 Strain determination in three dimensions.- 8.6 Use of fold sets.- 8.7 Two-dimensional strain from 'balanced sections'.- 8.8 Bulk homogeneous strain.- 8.9 Superimposition of strains.- 9 Faulting.- 9.1 Shear stress and brittle failure.- 9.2 Fault orientation in relation to stress and strain axes.- 9.3 Faulting and earthquakes.- 9.4 Thrust systems.- 9.5 Extensional fault systems.- 9.6 Strike-slip fault systems.- 9.7 Shear zones.- 10 Folding.- 10.1 Folding mechanisms and fold geometry.- 10.2 Classification of folds based on layer shape.- 10.3 Buckling.- 10.4 Oblique shear or flow folding.- 10.5 Kinking and formation of chevron folds.- 10.6 Conditions controlling the fold mechanism.- 11 Emplacement of igneous intrusions.- 11.1 Dilational emplacement of dykes and sills.- 11.2 Emplacement of cone-sheets and radial dykes.- 11.3 Mode of emplacement of large intrusions.- 12 Gravity-controlled structures.- 12.1 The effect of topographic relief.- 12.2 Gravity sliding of sheets or nappes.- 12.3 Salt domes and diapirs.- 12.4 Mantled gneiss domes.- 12.5 Large-scale structures.- 3: Geotectonics-major Earth structure.- 13 Major Earth structure.- 13.1 Continents and oceans.- 13.2 Mountain ranges, ocean ridges and trenches.- 13.3 Present-day tectonic activity.- 13.4 Stable and unstable tectonic zones.- 14 Plate tectonics.- 14.1 Historical context.- 14.2 The concept of lithosphere plates.- 14.3 Nature of plate boundaries.- 14.4 Geometry of plate motion.- 14.5 Driving mechanism for plate motion.- 15 Geological structure and plate tectonics.- 15.1 Recognition of inactive plate boundaries.- 15.2 Structure of constructive boundaries.- 15.3 Structure of conservative boundaries.- 15.4 Structure of subduction zones.- 15.5 Continental collision zones.- 15.6 The Caledonian orogenic belt in Britain.- 15.7 Orogenies in the Precambrian.