Dynamics of Cellular Motility
Published on 1. January 2000
Book
Hardback
300 pages
978-0-7190-2426-9 (ISBN)
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Description
This work offers new ideas and theories to account for oscillatory contraction in muscle and the various modes of flagellar and ciliary movements. The author has developed theoretical models to interpret most of the dynamic behaviour systems. The book is intended for the use of students and specialists in biology, physics, chemistry and mathematics, as cellular motility is a subject of interdisciplinary interest. Chapter 1 gives basic examples of temporal and spatial orders. The problems of these orders are not restricted to biology, but also apply to mechanics and chemistry. Part 1 deals with the mechanical properties of vertebrate skeletal muscle and insect flight muscle. Chapter 2 describes experimental observations. Oscillatory contractions have been observed, not only in heart muscle, but also in skeletal and insect flight muscle. Common molecular mechanism for oscillation might exist in various types of muscle. Experimental results are outlined. Chapter 3 goes on to discuss some of the mathematical models for muscle contractions. Instead of giving a detailed explanation of each model, essential features are summarized.
The analogy between the muscle system and the nerve system is discussed, based on this simplified model behaviour. Part 2 sketches in the self-organization of flagellar and ciliary bending patterns. Chapter 4 continues with the definition of flagella and cilia, describing their internal structure. Functional as well as structural hierarchy is discussed. Chapter 5 discusses fluid dynamical principles of ciliary and flagellar motion. The fundamental equation which governs the behaviour of a thin filament through a viscous medium is derived. Chapter 6 then discusses the molecular mechanism underlying bend initiation and propagation. Using computer simulations, the one-dimensional array of excitable units, not only exhibits symmetric beating patterns typical of flagella, but also demonstrates asymmetric beating patterns typical of cilia. Chapter 7 develops simplified models for flagellar motility, to examine whether the excitable mechanism that was studied in Chapter 6 generates bend propagation of small amplitudes.
The analogy between the muscle system and the nerve system is discussed, based on this simplified model behaviour. Part 2 sketches in the self-organization of flagellar and ciliary bending patterns. Chapter 4 continues with the definition of flagella and cilia, describing their internal structure. Functional as well as structural hierarchy is discussed. Chapter 5 discusses fluid dynamical principles of ciliary and flagellar motion. The fundamental equation which governs the behaviour of a thin filament through a viscous medium is derived. Chapter 6 then discusses the molecular mechanism underlying bend initiation and propagation. Using computer simulations, the one-dimensional array of excitable units, not only exhibits symmetric beating patterns typical of flagella, but also demonstrates asymmetric beating patterns typical of cilia. Chapter 7 develops simplified models for flagellar motility, to examine whether the excitable mechanism that was studied in Chapter 6 generates bend propagation of small amplitudes.
More details
Series
Language
English
Place of publication
Manchester
United Kingdom
Target group
College/higher education
Professional and scholarly
Illustrations
200 illustrations
Dimensions
Height: 216 mm
Width: 134 mm
ISBN-13
978-0-7190-2426-9 (9780719024269)
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Schweitzer Classification
Content
Introduction: temporal order; spatial order. Part 1 Oscillatory contraction in muscle: muscle structure and function - introduction; muscle structure; mechano-chemical cycle of myosin cross-bridge; mechanical properties; advanced experiments on insect flight muscle; models of muscle contraction - the Huxley (1957) two-state model, models for stretch activation, the two-state models with reverse rate constants, three-state model for oscillatory contraction; interpretation of stretch activation, simplified model of muscle contraction. Part 2 Nonlinear dynamic phenomena in flagella and cilia: hierarchy in structure and function - introduction, internal structure and physiological function; how do individual flagella and cilia move?; functional mechanisms; dynamics of individual flagella and cilia; dynamics of groups of flagella and cilia; models of cilia and flagella exhibiting regular behaviour - introduction, fluid dynamics of micro-organism propulsion; theoretical models for cilia and flagella; molecular mechanism for excitability and oscillations - theoretical background, experimental background, model development; dynamics of a short flagellar segment; dynamics of a long flagellum; simulations of asymmetric bending waves; simplified models for flagellar dynamics - the simplified excitable dynein model, dynamics of a segment model, bend propagation at zero external viscosity, bend propagation at non-zero external viscosity; simplified models for ciliary dynamics - introduction, dynamic properties of the opposed dyneins, ciliary dynamics, ciliary dynamics under the influence of fluid flow; large-amplitude oscillations and bend propagation - dynein substructure and function, regulation of flagellar oscillations, brief outline of the previous model, a segment model for large-amplitude motion, largle-amplitude sliding motion; bend propagation without curvature control, essence of the model behaviour; from simple to complex dynamical behaviours in mechano-chemical cycles - hyperoscillations, bursting and chaos - mechano-chemical hyperoscillations, the model, excitability and oscillations in the dynein-tubulin system, onset and offset of hyperoscillations; complex dynamical behaviours.