Climate Variability and Human Interference
Description
This book presents a focused analysis of how climate variability and human interference reshape runoff behavior in the monsoon-influenced South Koel River Basin of Eastern India. Employing geospatial techniques, SWAT-based hydrological simulation, and statistical analyses, it provides an empirical understanding of how rainfall and land use and land cover dynamics influence hydrologic processes and runoff alteration in the basin.
The study analyzes temporal variations in rainfall and runoff using methods such as the Buishand U and Range tests, Standard Normal Homogeneity, Pettitt, Mann-Kendall, Modified Mann-Kendall, and Sequential Mann-Kendall tests. It distinguishes the impacts of climate variability and land use/land cover (LULC) change through simulation-based attribution. Additionally, it evaluates the sensitivity of LULC components - forest, agriculture, and built-up areas - on runoff using one-way ANCOVA, while assessing upstream-downstream hydrologic connectivity and its implications for the Brahmani-Baitarani deltaic system through changes in flow, sediment, and nutrient fluxes.
Concluding with key scientific insights and management recommendations, the volume highlights basin-specific vulnerabilities and offers a decision-support framework for sustainable water governance. It serves as a valuable reference for geographers, hydrologists, environmental scientists, policy planners, and postgraduate researchers engaged in studies of climate, land use and land cover, and runoff interactions.
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Persons
Subrata Mondal is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Geography at A.B.N. Seal College, Cooch Behar, India. His research focuses on hydrologic analysis and environmental hazard assessment, and he has published several papers in peer-reviewed journals.
Rupak K. Paul is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Geography & Applied Geography, University of North Bengal, India, with expertise in GIS-based hydrologic analysis. He has guided doctoral candidates and authored several publications in land use hydrology.
Content
Introduction.- Outlines the importance of studying hydrologic impacts of climate variability and human activity, setting the stage with an overview of global and regional concerns.- State-of-the art-review - presents a comprehensive global review on the general topic of the proposed book that should be closed by identification of the research gap and the scope of the current study to fill all or part of the identified research gap.- Study Area and Research Methodology - Describes the geographical, climatic, and socio-economic context of the South Koel River Basin. Presents data sources, model framework (SWAT), and analytical tools used.- Step Change and Trend Analysis of Rainfall and Runoff - Examines historical changes in rainfall and runoff using Mann-Kendall trend test and Pettitt's test, identifying significant shifts over time.- Quantifying Climate vs. Human Influence on Runoff - Uses simulation-based methods to separate and compare the impacts of climate variability and land use changes on runoff.- Runoff Sensitivity to LULC Change - Evaluates how forest degradation and agricultural expansion affect runoff using land cover sensitivity scenarios and percentage change models.- Major Findings and Implications - Summarizes key findings, providing scientific insights into runoff alteration mechanisms and basin-specific vulnerabilities.- Policy Recommendations and Future Research Directions - Suggests actionable strategies for integrated water resource management and identifies gaps for further research.