Laser Surface Modification and Adhesion

Preface xv Part 1: Laser Surface Treatment/Modification to Enhance Adhesion 1 Nd:YAG Laser Surface Treatment of Various Materials to Enhance Adhesion 3 A. Buchman, M. Rotel and H. Dodiuk-Kenig 1.1 Introduction 4 1.2 Methodology 13 1.3 Experimental 13 1.4 Results 17 1.5 Conclusions 49 References 51 2 Effects of Excimer Laser Treatment on Self-Adhesion Strength of Some Commodity (PS, PP) and Engineering (ABS) Plastics 55 Erol Sancaktar, Hui Lu and Nongnard Sunthonpagasit 2.1 Introduction 56 2.2 Background and Literature Survey 56 2.3 Ultrasonic Welding of Thermoplastics 65 2.4 Experimental Procedures 71 2.5 Results and Discussion 74 2.6 Summary and Conclusions 94 References 97 3 Laser Surface Pre-Treatment of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastics (CFRPs) for Adhesive Bonding 103 F. Fischer, S. Kreling and K. Dilger 3.1 Introduction 103 3.2 State-of-Research 105 3.3 Materials and Methods 110 3.4 Laser Sources and Principles 112 3.5 Results 121 3.6 Summary 134 References 135 4 Laser Surface Modification of Fibers for Improving Fiber/Resin Interfacial Interactions in Composites 139 Anil N. Netravali 4.1 Introduction 140 4.2 Excimer Laser Treatment of UHMWPE Fibers 143 4.3 Excimer Laser Treatment of Vectran Fibers 154 4.4 Excimer Laser Treatment of Aramid Fibers 159 4.5 Excimer Laser Treatment of Cellulose Fibers 160 4.6 Summary 161 References 162 5 Laser Surface Modification in Dentistry: Effect on the Adhesion of Restorative Materials 167 Regina Guenka Palma-Dibb, Juliana Jendiroba Faraoni-Romano and Walter Raucci-Neto 5.1 Introduction 167 5.2 Dental Structures 173 5.3 Adhesion of Restorative Materials 180 5.4 Laser Light Interaction with the Dental Substrate 186 5.5 Dental Structure Ablation and Influence on Bond Strength of Restorative Materials 190 5.6 Summary and Prospects 196 References 196 Part 2: Other Effects/Applications of Laser Surface Treatment 6 Fundamentals of Laser-Polymer Interactions and their Relevance to Polymer Metallization 205 Piotr Rytlewski 6.1 Introduction 205 6.2 Impact of Laser Radiation on a Polymeric Material 208 6.3 Laser Selection Criteria 215 6.4 Surface Modification of Polymeric Materials Below Ablation Threshold 220 6.5 Surface Modification of Polymeric Materials Above Ablation Threshold 233 6.6 Application of Lasers to Polymer Metallization 241 6.7 Summary 251 Acknowledgement 252 References 252 7 Laser Patterning of Silanized Carbon/Polymer Bipolar Plates with Tailored Wettability for Fuel Cell Applications 263 Martin Schade, Steffen Franzka, Anja Schr"ter, Franco Cappuccio, Volker Peinecke, Angelika Heinzel and Nils Hartmann 7.1 Introduction 264 7.2 Silane-based Coatings 269 7.3 Laser Processing of Silane-based Coatings 271 7.4 Fabrication and Plasma Activation of Bipolar Plates 272 7.5 Silanization of Bipolar Plates 276 7.6 Laser Processing of Bipolar Plates 278 7.7 Summary 282 7.8 Prospects 283 Acknowledgments 283 References 284 8 Predominant and Generic Parameters Governing the Wettability Characteristics of Selected Laser-modified Engineering Materials 289 Jonathan Lawrence, David Waugh and Hao Liang 8.1 Introduction 290 8.2 Modification of Wettability Characteristics Using Laser Beams 291 8.3 Laser Wettability Characteristics Modification of Selected Ceramics 296 8.4 Laser Wettability Characteristics Modification of Selected Metals 307 8.5 Laser Wettability Characteristics Modification of a Selected Polymer 316 8.6 Summary and Conclusions 329 References 331 9 Laser Surface Engineering of Polymeric Materials and the Effects on Wettability Characteristics 337 D.G. Waugh, D. Avdic, K.J. Woodham and J. Lawrence 9.1 Introduction 337 9.2 Wettability Characteristics 338 9.3 State-of-the-Art Surface Engineering Techniques 345 9.4 Summary 366 References 367 10 Water Adhesion to Laser-Treated Surfaces 377 Athanasios Milionis, Despina Fragouli, Ilker S. Bayer and Athanassia Athanassiou 10.1 Introduction 377 10.2 Materials, Fabrication Approaches and Results 381 10.3 Applications 395 10.4 Prospects 404 10.5 Summary 406 Acknowledgement 406 References 407