SAP S/4HANA Administration
1st Edition
Published on 30. November 2023
Book
Hardback
1113 pages
978-1-4932-2392-3 (ISBN)
Description
Manage and maintain your SAP S/4HANA system! Understand the architecture of the ABAP platform, from its technical requirements to your options for configuration. Set up the system landscape, administer the client and database, and maintain your instances. Put proper security in place using authorizations, user profiles, encryption, and more. From archiving to virtual systems, this is the A-to-Z guide you need to perform all essential administration tasks in SAP S/4HANA.
Highlights include:
1) ABAP platform
2) System landscape
3) Clients
4) Instances
5) Users and authorizations
6) Security
7) Monitoring
8) Performance tuning
9) Database administration
10) Data archiving and transfer
11) Frontend components
More details
Persons
Author
Mark Mergaerts is a principal technical consultant working for Logos Consulting, a Belgian consulting company that focuses exclusively on SAP technology (BC). Before that, he worked for SAP Belgium between 1995 and 2011, giving him almost 20 years of SAP BC experience. His activities concentrate on system administration, database management, performance, upgrades (he has been upgrading SAP since the days of release 2.1), and platform and Unicode migrations. He is the co-author with Bert Vanstechelman of the SAP OS/DB Migration Project Guide and mySAP ERP Upgrade Project Guide and of the SAP NetWeaver Application Server Upgrade Guide, the first edition of the present book. Mark lives near Antwerp, Belgium, and is married with two adult children.
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Bert Vanstechelman is founder of and principal technical consultant at Logos Consulting, and has more than 20 years of experience in SAP Basis consulting, running all kinds of SAP versions in combination with all possible databases and operating systems supported by SAP. He specializes in platform migrations, SAP release upgrades, and Unicode conversions. Bert is a member of the board of advisors of the SAP Professional Journal. He is also the co-author with Mark Mergaerts of the following SAP PRESS books: the SAP OS/DB Migration Project Guide, the mySAP ERP Upgrade Project Guide, and the SAP NetWeaver Application Server Upgrade Guide. Bert lives near Bruges, Belgium, and is married with three children.
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Content
... Preface ... 25
... Who Is This Book For? ... 25
... How Is This Book Organized? ... 26
... Acknowledgments ... 29
1 ... The Future of the Basis Administrator ... 31
1.1 ... SAP S/4HANA: On-Premise and in the Cloud ... 32
1.2 ... RISE with SAP ... 33
1.3 ... Summary ... 36
2 ... Overview of the ABAP Platform ... 37
2.1 ... Components of the ABAP Platform ... 38
2.2 ... Client/Server Architecture ... 42
2.3 ... Presentation Layer ... 43
2.4 ... Application Layer ... 53
2.5 ... Database Layer ... 60
2.6 ... SAP S/4HANA and the Internet ... 66
2.7 ... Summary ... 70
3 ... Architecture ... 71
3.1 ... Component Overview ... 71
3.2 ... Dialog Processing ... 75
3.3 ... Background Processing ... 78
3.4 ... Updating ... 106
3.5 ... Lock Management ... 121
3.6 ... Output Management ... 131
3.7 ... Internet and Communication ... 165
3.8 ... Summary ... 196
4 ... Technical Requirements and Operations ... 197
4.1 ... Product Availability Matrix ... 198
4.2 ... SAP S/4HANA Application Layer on Linux and UNIX ... 202
4.3 ... SAP S/4HANA Application Layer on Microsoft Windows ... 212
4.4 ... SAP HANA Database Layer ... 219
4.5 ... Starting, Stopping, and Monitoring Instances on Linux and UNIX ... 226
4.6 ... Starting, Stopping, and Monitoring Instances on Microsoft Windows ... 231
4.7 ... Starting, Stopping, and Monitoring SAP HANA ... 235
4.8 ... Troubleshooting SAP S/4HANA Instances ... 244
4.9 ... Troubleshooting the SAP HANA Database System ... 250
4.10 ... Summary ... 260
5 ... Client Administration ... 263
5.1 ... Data Types ... 264
5.2 ... Clients in an SAP System ... 265
5.3 ... How the System Keeps Clients Apart ... 266
5.4 ... Creating Clients ... 268
5.5 ... Logical Systems ... 274
5.6 ... Copying Clients ... 276
5.7 ... Client Transport ... 283
5.8 ... Working with Table Snapshots ... 289
5.9 ... Deleting a Client ... 292
5.10 ... Transport-Based Copy ... 292
5.11 ... Special Operations for Clients ... 294
5.12 ... Cleaning Up Logs ... 298
5.13 ... Table Logging ... 299
5.14 ... Summary ... 302
6 ... Change Management and Transports in the System Landscape ... 305
6.1 ... Key Terms ... 306
6.2 ... Development Objects ... 307
6.3 ... Change Requests ... 312
6.4 ... Transactions for Managing Change Requests ... 322
6.5 ... Preparing the Transport System ... 328
6.6 ... Transport Management System ... 335
6.7 ... Special Transport Topics ... 351
6.8 ... Summary ... 361
7 ... Maintaining Instances ... 363
7.1 ... Parameters and Profile Maintenance ... 364
7.2 ... Display and Maintain Parameters Online ... 377
7.3 ... Operation Modes ... 381
7.4 ... Dynamic Work Processes ... 389
7.5 ... User Load-Balancing ... 392
7.6 ... RFC Server Groups ... 397
7.7 ... Summary ... 400
8 ... Users and Authorizations ... 401
8.1 ... Users in SAP ... 401
8.2 ... Managing Users ... 403
8.3 ... Mass User Changes ... 411
8.4 ... Password and Login Security ... 414
8.5 ... Authorization Concept ... 419
8.6 ... Managing Roles ... 427
8.7 ... Authorization Profiles ... 446
8.8 ... User Information Management System ... 447
8.9 ... Central User Administration ... 449
8.10 ... Summary ... 458
9 ... Security ... 461
9.1 ... Authentication and Single Sign-On ... 462
9.2 ... Securing Communication ... 488
9.3 ... SAP Web Dispatcher ... 501
9.4 ... Restricting Access ... 517
9.5 ... Protecting Data ... 530
9.6 ... Auditing ... 544
9.7 ... Summary ... 558
10 ... Monitoring Activities ... 559
10.1 ... Application Servers and Work Processes ... 559
10.2 ... Message Server ... 568
10.3 ... Gateway Monitor ... 573
10.4 ... Developer Traces ... 576
10.5 ... System Messages ... 580
10.6 ... User Overview ... 583
10.7 ... System Log ... 584
10.8 ... Runtime Errors ... 586
10.9 ... Host Monitoring ... 589
10.10 ... Summary ... 593
11 ... Performance and Tuning ... 595
11.1 ... Dialog Steps and Response Time ... 596
11.2 ... Statistical Records ... 604
11.3 ... Monitoring the Workload with Transaction ST03 ... 606
11.4 ... Working with Statistical Records: Transaction STATS ... 626
11.5 ... Database Monitors ... 639
11.6 ... Monitoring the Servers ... 645
11.7 ... Memory Management ... 648
11.8 ... Table Buffering ... 659
11.9 ... Summary ... 671
12 ... SAP HANA Database Administration ... 673
12.1 ... Introduction to SAP HANA ... 673
12.2 ... DBA Cockpit for SAP HANA ... 689
12.3 ... SAP HANA Cockpit ... 701
12.4 ... SAP HANA Studio ... 722
12.5 ... Command-Line Tools ... 733
12.6 ... Summary ... 744
13 ... Development ... 745
13.1 ... Development Tools ... 746
13.2 ... Developing a Simple Program ... 748
13.3 ... Changing SAP Code ... 765
13.4 ... Creating and Changing Dictionary Objects ... 767
13.5 ... Performance Analysis Tools ... 778
13.6 ... Summary ... 798
14 ... Data Archiving ... 801
14.1 ... Archive Development Kit ... 802
14.2 ... Archiving Objects ... 803
14.3 ... Storage Options ... 805
14.4 ... Preparation Activities ... 810
14.5 ... Executing Archiving Runs ... 814
14.6 ... Access Options for Archived Data ... 826
14.7 ... Summary ... 832
15 ... Data Distribution and Transfer ... 833
15.1 ... Destinations ... 834
15.2 ... Server Groups and Parallel Processing ... 842
15.3 ... Transactional RFCs ... 847
15.4 ... Queued and Background RFCs ... 848
15.5 ... Application Link Enabling ... 863
15.6 ... Data Transfer ... 874
15.7 ... Summary ... 877
16 ... Frontend Components ... 879
16.1 ... SAP GUI ... 879
16.2 ... SAP Fiori and SAP Fiori Launchpad ... 903
16.3 ... Summary ... 925
17 ... Installations and System Copies ... 927
17.1 ... Software Logistics Toolset ... 927
17.2 ... Software Provisioning Manger ... 929
17.3 ... Installing an SAP S/4HANA System ... 936
17.4 ... Copying an SAP S/4HANA System ... 973
17.5 ... Deleting an SAP S/4HANA System ... 993
17.6 ... Summary ... 996
18 ... Support Packages and Add-ons ... 997
18.1 ... Release and Maintenance Strategy ... 998
18.2 ... Software Update Manager ... 1000
18.3 ... Maintenance Planner ... 1003
18.4 ... Preparing the Update ... 1010
18.5 ... Performing the Update ... 1017
18.6 ... Patching with Transaction SPAM ... 1039
18.7 ... Installing Add-Ons ... 1045
18.8 ... Summary ... 1050
19 ... Services and Support ... 1051
19.1 ... SAP Support Portal and SAP ONE Support Launchpad ... 1051
19.2 ... SAP for ME ... 1052
19.3 ... SAP Notes and Knowledge Base Articles ... 1054
19.4 ... Report an Incident ... 1056
19.5 ... View Incidents ... 1058
19.6 ... Software Downloads ... 1059
19.7 ... Manage Users ... 1060
19.8 ... Request License Keys ... 1061
19.9 ... Manage Remote Connections ... 1062
19.10 ... Additional Sources ... 1066
19.11 ... Summary ... 1068
20 ... A Day in the Life of an SAP System Administrator ... 1069
20.1 ... Daily Tasks ... 1070
20.2 ... Weekly Tasks ... 1072
20.3 ... Monthly Tasks ... 1073
20.4 ... Summary ... 1074
21 ... Installing Your Own System ... 1075
21.1 ... SAP Cloud Appliance Library ... 1076
21.2 ... SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP Developer Edition ... 1085
21.3 ... Summary ... 1092
... Appendices ... 1093
A ... References and Further Reading ... 1093
B ... The Authors ... 1097
... Index ... 1099
... Who Is This Book For? ... 25
... How Is This Book Organized? ... 26
... Acknowledgments ... 29
1 ... The Future of the Basis Administrator ... 31
1.1 ... SAP S/4HANA: On-Premise and in the Cloud ... 32
1.2 ... RISE with SAP ... 33
1.3 ... Summary ... 36
2 ... Overview of the ABAP Platform ... 37
2.1 ... Components of the ABAP Platform ... 38
2.2 ... Client/Server Architecture ... 42
2.3 ... Presentation Layer ... 43
2.4 ... Application Layer ... 53
2.5 ... Database Layer ... 60
2.6 ... SAP S/4HANA and the Internet ... 66
2.7 ... Summary ... 70
3 ... Architecture ... 71
3.1 ... Component Overview ... 71
3.2 ... Dialog Processing ... 75
3.3 ... Background Processing ... 78
3.4 ... Updating ... 106
3.5 ... Lock Management ... 121
3.6 ... Output Management ... 131
3.7 ... Internet and Communication ... 165
3.8 ... Summary ... 196
4 ... Technical Requirements and Operations ... 197
4.1 ... Product Availability Matrix ... 198
4.2 ... SAP S/4HANA Application Layer on Linux and UNIX ... 202
4.3 ... SAP S/4HANA Application Layer on Microsoft Windows ... 212
4.4 ... SAP HANA Database Layer ... 219
4.5 ... Starting, Stopping, and Monitoring Instances on Linux and UNIX ... 226
4.6 ... Starting, Stopping, and Monitoring Instances on Microsoft Windows ... 231
4.7 ... Starting, Stopping, and Monitoring SAP HANA ... 235
4.8 ... Troubleshooting SAP S/4HANA Instances ... 244
4.9 ... Troubleshooting the SAP HANA Database System ... 250
4.10 ... Summary ... 260
5 ... Client Administration ... 263
5.1 ... Data Types ... 264
5.2 ... Clients in an SAP System ... 265
5.3 ... How the System Keeps Clients Apart ... 266
5.4 ... Creating Clients ... 268
5.5 ... Logical Systems ... 274
5.6 ... Copying Clients ... 276
5.7 ... Client Transport ... 283
5.8 ... Working with Table Snapshots ... 289
5.9 ... Deleting a Client ... 292
5.10 ... Transport-Based Copy ... 292
5.11 ... Special Operations for Clients ... 294
5.12 ... Cleaning Up Logs ... 298
5.13 ... Table Logging ... 299
5.14 ... Summary ... 302
6 ... Change Management and Transports in the System Landscape ... 305
6.1 ... Key Terms ... 306
6.2 ... Development Objects ... 307
6.3 ... Change Requests ... 312
6.4 ... Transactions for Managing Change Requests ... 322
6.5 ... Preparing the Transport System ... 328
6.6 ... Transport Management System ... 335
6.7 ... Special Transport Topics ... 351
6.8 ... Summary ... 361
7 ... Maintaining Instances ... 363
7.1 ... Parameters and Profile Maintenance ... 364
7.2 ... Display and Maintain Parameters Online ... 377
7.3 ... Operation Modes ... 381
7.4 ... Dynamic Work Processes ... 389
7.5 ... User Load-Balancing ... 392
7.6 ... RFC Server Groups ... 397
7.7 ... Summary ... 400
8 ... Users and Authorizations ... 401
8.1 ... Users in SAP ... 401
8.2 ... Managing Users ... 403
8.3 ... Mass User Changes ... 411
8.4 ... Password and Login Security ... 414
8.5 ... Authorization Concept ... 419
8.6 ... Managing Roles ... 427
8.7 ... Authorization Profiles ... 446
8.8 ... User Information Management System ... 447
8.9 ... Central User Administration ... 449
8.10 ... Summary ... 458
9 ... Security ... 461
9.1 ... Authentication and Single Sign-On ... 462
9.2 ... Securing Communication ... 488
9.3 ... SAP Web Dispatcher ... 501
9.4 ... Restricting Access ... 517
9.5 ... Protecting Data ... 530
9.6 ... Auditing ... 544
9.7 ... Summary ... 558
10 ... Monitoring Activities ... 559
10.1 ... Application Servers and Work Processes ... 559
10.2 ... Message Server ... 568
10.3 ... Gateway Monitor ... 573
10.4 ... Developer Traces ... 576
10.5 ... System Messages ... 580
10.6 ... User Overview ... 583
10.7 ... System Log ... 584
10.8 ... Runtime Errors ... 586
10.9 ... Host Monitoring ... 589
10.10 ... Summary ... 593
11 ... Performance and Tuning ... 595
11.1 ... Dialog Steps and Response Time ... 596
11.2 ... Statistical Records ... 604
11.3 ... Monitoring the Workload with Transaction ST03 ... 606
11.4 ... Working with Statistical Records: Transaction STATS ... 626
11.5 ... Database Monitors ... 639
11.6 ... Monitoring the Servers ... 645
11.7 ... Memory Management ... 648
11.8 ... Table Buffering ... 659
11.9 ... Summary ... 671
12 ... SAP HANA Database Administration ... 673
12.1 ... Introduction to SAP HANA ... 673
12.2 ... DBA Cockpit for SAP HANA ... 689
12.3 ... SAP HANA Cockpit ... 701
12.4 ... SAP HANA Studio ... 722
12.5 ... Command-Line Tools ... 733
12.6 ... Summary ... 744
13 ... Development ... 745
13.1 ... Development Tools ... 746
13.2 ... Developing a Simple Program ... 748
13.3 ... Changing SAP Code ... 765
13.4 ... Creating and Changing Dictionary Objects ... 767
13.5 ... Performance Analysis Tools ... 778
13.6 ... Summary ... 798
14 ... Data Archiving ... 801
14.1 ... Archive Development Kit ... 802
14.2 ... Archiving Objects ... 803
14.3 ... Storage Options ... 805
14.4 ... Preparation Activities ... 810
14.5 ... Executing Archiving Runs ... 814
14.6 ... Access Options for Archived Data ... 826
14.7 ... Summary ... 832
15 ... Data Distribution and Transfer ... 833
15.1 ... Destinations ... 834
15.2 ... Server Groups and Parallel Processing ... 842
15.3 ... Transactional RFCs ... 847
15.4 ... Queued and Background RFCs ... 848
15.5 ... Application Link Enabling ... 863
15.6 ... Data Transfer ... 874
15.7 ... Summary ... 877
16 ... Frontend Components ... 879
16.1 ... SAP GUI ... 879
16.2 ... SAP Fiori and SAP Fiori Launchpad ... 903
16.3 ... Summary ... 925
17 ... Installations and System Copies ... 927
17.1 ... Software Logistics Toolset ... 927
17.2 ... Software Provisioning Manger ... 929
17.3 ... Installing an SAP S/4HANA System ... 936
17.4 ... Copying an SAP S/4HANA System ... 973
17.5 ... Deleting an SAP S/4HANA System ... 993
17.6 ... Summary ... 996
18 ... Support Packages and Add-ons ... 997
18.1 ... Release and Maintenance Strategy ... 998
18.2 ... Software Update Manager ... 1000
18.3 ... Maintenance Planner ... 1003
18.4 ... Preparing the Update ... 1010
18.5 ... Performing the Update ... 1017
18.6 ... Patching with Transaction SPAM ... 1039
18.7 ... Installing Add-Ons ... 1045
18.8 ... Summary ... 1050
19 ... Services and Support ... 1051
19.1 ... SAP Support Portal and SAP ONE Support Launchpad ... 1051
19.2 ... SAP for ME ... 1052
19.3 ... SAP Notes and Knowledge Base Articles ... 1054
19.4 ... Report an Incident ... 1056
19.5 ... View Incidents ... 1058
19.6 ... Software Downloads ... 1059
19.7 ... Manage Users ... 1060
19.8 ... Request License Keys ... 1061
19.9 ... Manage Remote Connections ... 1062
19.10 ... Additional Sources ... 1066
19.11 ... Summary ... 1068
20 ... A Day in the Life of an SAP System Administrator ... 1069
20.1 ... Daily Tasks ... 1070
20.2 ... Weekly Tasks ... 1072
20.3 ... Monthly Tasks ... 1073
20.4 ... Summary ... 1074
21 ... Installing Your Own System ... 1075
21.1 ... SAP Cloud Appliance Library ... 1076
21.2 ... SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP Developer Edition ... 1085
21.3 ... Summary ... 1092
... Appendices ... 1093
A ... References and Further Reading ... 1093
B ... The Authors ... 1097
... Index ... 1099