Adaptation, Stress, and Prophylaxis
1st Edition
Published on 1. November 1983
Book
Hardback
X, 330 pages
978-3-540-12363-7 (ISBN)
Description
This book deals with one of the fundamental problems in the fields of biology and medicine, i. e. , the problem of adaptation of an organism to its environment. Essentially, adaptive responses enable animals and man to perform new tasks imposed by the environment and also to achieve timely avoidance of damage from environmental factors. Such are the roles of the defense response, adaptational reactions to high altitude and maximal loads, immunogenetic responses, etc. The author rightly views adaptive responses of the organism as reactions involving natural prophylaxis of disease, although processes of adaptation can also have detrimental consequences under certain conditions. It is, thus, understandable that problems of adaptation increasingly concern biologists, physiologists, and phy sicians. A number of important points distinguish this treatise from others in the field. Most researchers concerned with individual adaptation of human and animal organisms pay major attention to the dynamics of the gradual development of adaptation, i. e. , to gradual learning of new skills, training for endurance of new loads, or accomodation to high altitude. In the present monograph, abundant original and cited material is devoted to another problem: What is the concrete mechanism by which a nonadapted organism lacking resistance to a given factor is transformed into an adapted and resistant organism? In answering this question, the author concentrates mainly on the molecular basis of the adaptation mechanism.
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F.Z. Meerson
Adaptation, Stress, and Prophylaxis
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10/2011
Springer
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Content
1 - Basic Regularities of Phenotypic Adaptation.- Systemic Structural Trace: The Basis of Adaptation.- Interrelation Between Function and Genetic Apparatus: The Basis for Forming the Systemic Structural Trace.- Interrelationship of Cell Structures: A Parameter Determining the Functional Possibilities of the System Responsible for Adaptation.- Reversibility of Adaptation: Physiologic and Pathologic Deadaptation.- 2 - Role of Stress Reaction in Urgent and Long-term Adaptation.- Stress Mobilization and Redistribution of Resources.- Stress-enhanced Resistance to Hypoxia.- Lipotropic Effect of Stress in Biomembranes.- Antioxidant Effect of Glucocorticoids and the Influence of Synthetic Antioxidants on Urgent Adaptation to Physical Loads.- Post-stress Activation of Nucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis and Its Role in Forming Long-term Adaptation.- General Mechanism and Principal Stages of Phenotypic Adaptation.- 3 - Development of Adaptation to Hypoxia and Its Preventive Use.- Systemic Structural Trace and Principal Stages of Adaptation to Hypoxia.- 4 - Compensation, a Form of Adaptational Response of an Injured Organism.- 5 - Systemic Structural Trace: Foundation of Memory and Higher Adaptational Responses.- Relationship Between Memory and Adaptation.- Role of Emotional Stress in Forming Higher Adaptational Responses. Unity of Dynamics in Forming Conditioned Reflexes and Other Adaptational Responses.- Main Stages of the Development of Conditioned Reflex. Differences and Common Features of Higher and Simple Adaptational Responses.- Effect of Adaptation to Hypoxia on the Formation of Temporary Connections. Behavior and Brain Resistance to Harmful Factors.- 6 - Stress and Stress Damage.- Damaging Stress Situation and Pathogenesis of Stress Stomach Ulcers.- Pathogenesis of Stress and Ischemic Injuries of the Heart.- Stress: A Basic Etiologic Factor of Noninfectious Human Diseases. Its Role in the Origin of Ischemic Heart Disease and Tumors.- 7 - Adaptation to Stress Situations and Systems for Natural Prevention of Stress-induced and Ischemic Injuries.- Activation of the GABA-ergic Inhibitory System Under Stress as a Natural Mechanism for Preventing Stress-induced and Ischemic Injuries.- Blockade of Physiologic Effects of Calcium: Its Role in Preventing Ischemic and Stress Damages.- Role of the Adenine Nucleotide System and Its Product Adenosine in Preventing Energy Shortage and Limiting Adrenergic Effects.- Activation of the Prostaglandin System: A Factor for Preventing Stress and Ischemic Damages.- 8 - Antioxidant Factors in the Organism: A System of Natural Prevention of Stress-induced and Ischemic Injuries.- Antioxidant Systems and Action Mechanisms of Exogenous Antioxidants.- Antioxidant Protection of the Heart Against Hypoxia, Ischemia, and Reoxygenation.- Conclusion.- References.