IMechE Engineers' Databook

Foreword - the Institution of Mechanical Engineers ix; Preface xiii; Introduction - the Role of Technical Standards xiv; Web Sites: Quick Reference xv; Section 1:- Important Regulations and Directives 1; 1.1 The Pressure Equipment Directive: SI 2001: 1999 1; 1.2 The Pressure Systems Regulations: SI 128 3; 1.3 Health and Safety at work 4; 1.4 The European Machinery Directive 5; 1.5 Inspection terms and bodies: EN 45004: 1995 6; 1.6 UKAS accreditation marks 8; Section 2:- Units 10; 2.1 The Greek alphabet 10; 2.2 Units systems 10; 2.3 Units and conversions 13; 2.4 Consistency of units 24; 2.5 Dimensional analysis 27; 2.6 Essential engineering mathematics 30; Section 3:- Engineering Design - Process and Principles 34; 3.1 Engineering problem-solving 34; 3.2 Problem types and methodologies 34; 3.3 Design principles 36; 3.4 The engineering design process 37; 3.5 Design as a systematic activity (the 'Pugh' method) 38; 3.6 The innovation model 40; 3.7 Creativity tools 41; 3.8 The Product Design Specification (PDS) 42; 3.9 Useful reference sources 43; Section 4:- Basic Mechanical Design 45; 4.1 Engineering abbreviations 45; 4.2 Datums and tolerances - principles 47; 4.3 Toleranced dimensions 48; 4.4 General tolerances 49; 4.5 Holes 50; 4.6 Screw threads 51; 4.7 Limits and fits 52; 4.8 Surface finish 55; Section 5:- Motion 57; 5.1 Making sense of equilibrium 57; 5.2 Motion equations 58; 5.3 Newton's laws of motion 59; 5.4 Simple harmonic motion (SHM) 59; 5.5 Understanding acceleration 60; 5.6 Dynamic balancing 61; 5.7 Vibration 63; 5.8 Machine vibration 63; 5.9 Machinery noise 65; Section 6:- Deformable Body Mechanics 69; 6.1 Quick reference - mechanical notation 69; 6.2 Engineering structures - so where are all the pin joints? 71; 6.3 Simple stress and strain 72; 6.4 Simple elastic bending 73; 6.5 Slope and deflection of beams 76; 6.6 Torsion 78; 6.7 Thin cylinders 81; 6.8 Cylindrical vessels with hemispherical ends 81; 6.9 Thick cylinders 82; 6.10 Buckling of struts 83; 6.11 Flat circular plates 84; 6.12 Stress concentration factors 85; Section 7:- Material Failure 90; 7.1 How materials fail 90; 7.2 LEFM method 91; 7.3 Multi-axis stress states 92; 7.4 Fatigue 93; 7.5 Factors of safety 95; 7.6 United States practice 96; Section 8:- Thermodynamics and Cycles 98; 8.1 Quick reference: symbols - thermodynamics 98; 8.2 Basic thermodynamic laws 99; 8.3 Entropy 101; 8.4 Enthalpy 101; 8.5 Other definitions 102; 8.6 Cycles 102; 8.7 The steam cycle 104; 8.8 Properties of steam 104; 8.9 Reference information 107; 8.10 The gas turbine (GT) cycle 107; Section 9:- Basic Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics 109; 9.1 Basic properties 109; 9.2 Flow equations 111; 9.3 Flow regimes 117; 9.4 Boundary layers 120; 9.5 Isentropic flow 122; 9.6 Compressible one-dimensional flow 122; 9.7 Normal shock waves 123; 9.8 Axisymmetric flows 126; 9.9 Drag coefficients 126; 9.10 General airfoil theory 128; 9.11 Airfoil coefficients 129; 9.12 Pressure distributions 131; 9.13 Aerodynamic centre