The Formation of European Policy in Post-Franco Spain

This work argues that knowledge-based claims about the politics of European integration provide the basis on which interests shaped by the idea of Europe are translated into policy. This formula has been derived from an explanatory case study of the foreign policy of post-Franco Spain. Following the transition to democracy, Spanish leaders were united in their agreement that economic modernization and democratic consolidation could come only through participation in the process of European integration. However, this was accompanied by uncertainty of how best to secure Spain's interests in Europe. Historical debates about Spain's position in Europe have frequently been heated, with the Spanish view of Europe based on Spain's isolation. This isolation was accentuated in the 20th century, by Spain's non-combatant status in both World Wars and came to a head under the first half of the Franco dictatorship. Franco's desire to involve Spain more fully in European affairs could not overcome the widespread revulsion of Europe's leaders to the Franquist regime.
The restoration of democratic government in Spain after Franco's death opened the doors to full participation in European institutions, but it also raised the questions of how to undertake integration without compromising Spanish defense and economic interests.