Power of Events The
An Introduction to Complex Event Processing in Distributed Enterprise Systems (paperback)
Published on 20. January 2014
Book
Paperback/Softback
400 pages
978-0-321-95183-0 (ISBN)
Description
As global information systems become ever more powerful, complex, and intertwined, companies need new approaches to extracting information, transforming it into intelligence, and acting on it. David Luckham introduces a breakthrough solution that offers compelling benefits at every level and scale of the enterprise: Complex Event Processing (CEP). Luckham first identifies key challenges faced by today's enterprise information systems, and demonstrates the "event-driven" nature of management in the electronic enterprise. He then introduces CEP, showing how it can harness the power of events to automate management without compromising managers' control. Luckham illuminates fundamental concepts such as events, causality, event hierarchies, event patterns, and rules; then shows how these concepts can be used to solve key enterprise management problems. In Part III, he presents a realistic description of what it takes to build CEP applications that scale to real world problems, introducing the new RAPIDE event pattern language. The book concludes with detailed case studies that show Luckham's CEP tools at work in the enterprise.
More details
Person
David Luckham is Professor Emeritus at Stanford University, where he directs the Program Analysis and Verification Project. He played a significant role in the founding of Rational Software in 1981, supplying both the Ada compiler from which the company's first products were developed and serving as a member of the initial software development team. Dr. Luckham is an acknowledged leader in high-level, multiprocessing programming languages; annotation languages; and event-based simulation systems for both hardware and software architectures. He has published more than one hundred technical articles, two of them winning ACM/IEEE Best Paper Awards, as well as three books on the design of Specification Languages and their application to software testing and verification, and hardware simulation.
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Content
Preface.
Acknowledgments.
I. A SIMPLE INTRODUCTION TO COMPLEX EVENT PROCESSING.
1. The Global Information Society and the Need for New Technology.
Distributed Information Systems Everywhere.
The Global Communication Spaghetti Pot.
Event Causality.
Electronic Archeology: Layers upon Layers.
A Layered Enterprise System.
Vertical Causality: Tracking Events up and down the Layers.
Event Aggregation: Making High-Level Sense out of Low-Level Events.
The Gathering Storm of New Activities on the Web.
Global Electronic Trade.
Agile Systems.
Cyber Warfare and the Open Electronic Society.
Summary: Staying ahead of Chaos.
2. Managing the Electronic Enterprise in the Global Event Cloud.
How the Global Event Cloud Forms.
The Open Enterprise.
The Global Event Cloud.
The Electronic Enterprise.
Operating in the Global Event Cloud.
Going Beyond Workflow.
Parallel and Asynchronous Processes.
On-the-Fly Process Evolution.
Exceptions Must Be First-Class Citizens in Process Design.
Summary: Managing the Electronic Enterprise.
3. Viewing the Electronic Enterprise-Keeping the Human in Control.
Today's Event Monitoring Is Too Primitive.
System Monitoring Focuses on the Network Layer.
Network-Level Monitoring Doesn't Even Solve Network Problems.
An Example of Causal Tracking.
Information Gaps.
Examples of Information Gaps.
Problem-Relevant Information.
Viewing Enterprise Systems.
Creating and Coordinating Multiple Views.
Hierarchical Viewing.
An Example of Hierarchical Viewing.
Summary: Viewing the Electronic Enterprise.
4. Designing the Electronic Enterprise.
Process Architectures.
Roles of Architecture in the Process Lifecycle.
Constituents of Process Architectures.
Annotations.
Architectural Structure.
Interface Communication Architectures.
Architecture Diagrams.
Behavior Specification.
Design Constraints.
Examples of Informal Annotations.
Dynamic Process Architectures.
Diagrams for Dynamic Architectures?
Layered Architectures and Plug-and-Play.
Abstraction Principle.
Summary: Technology to Support Process Architecture.
5. Events, Timing, and Causality.
What Events Are.
How Events Are Created.
Time, Causality, and Aggregation.
The Cause-Time Axiom.
Genetic Parameters in Events.
Timestamps.
Causal Vectors.
Time.
Causality and Posets.
Causal Event Executions-Real-Time Posets.
Orderly Observation.
Observation and Uncertainty.
Summary.
6. Event Patterns, Rules, and Constraints.
Common Kinds of Pattern Searching.
Event Patterns.
A Strawman Pattern Language.
Pattern Matching.
Writing Patterns in STRAW-EPL.
Event Pattern Rules.
Constraints.
Summary.
7. Complex Events and Event Hierarchies.
Aggregation and Complex Events.
Creating Complex Events.
Event Abstraction Hierarchies.
Viewing a Fabrication Line.
Building Personalized Concept Abstraction Hierarchies.
Viewing Network Activity.
Viewing Stock-Trading Activity.
Summary.
II. BUILDING SOLUTIONS WITH CEP.
8. The RAPIDE Pattern Language.
Event Pattern Languages-Basic Requirements.
Features of Rapide.
Types.
Predefined Types.
Structured Types.
Event Types.
Execution Types.
Subtyping of Executions.
Attributes of Events.
Basic Event Patterns.
Placeholders and Pattern Matching.
Matching Basic Event Patterns.
Placeholder Bindings.
Notation to Aid in Writing Patterns.
Relational Operators and Complex Patterns.
Relational Operators.
Guarded Patterns.
Content-Based Pattern Matching.
Context-Based Pattern Matching.
Temporal Operators.
Repetitive Patterns.
Pattern Macros.
Summary.
9. CEP Rules and Agents.
Overview.
Event Pattern Rules.
Definition of Event Pattern Rules.
Rule Bodies.
Context and Visibility Laws.
Semantics of Event Pattern Rules.
Examples of Rules.
Event Processing Agents.
Definition of EPAs.
Semantics of EPAs.
Event Pattern Filters.
Definition of Filters.
Semantics of Filters.
Action Name Filters.
Content Filters
Context Filters.
Event Pattern Maps.
Definition of Maps.
Semantics of Maps.
Event Pattern Constraints.
Definition of Constraints.
Semantics of Constraints.
Examples of Constraints.
Other Classes of EPAs.
Summary.
10. Event Processing Networks.
Common Structures of EPNs.
Flexibility of Event Processing Networks.
Connecting Event Processing Agents.
Basic Connections.
Guarded Connections.
Multiple Basic Connections.
Dynamic Event Processing Networks.
Class Connections.
Creation and Termination Rules.
Connection Generators.
Architectures and Event Processing Networks.
Architecture Classes.
Semantics of Architecture Classes.
Examples of EPNs and Architectures.
Case Study: EPNs for Network Viewing.
Visual Tools for Constructing EPNs.
Security.
Scalability.
Summary.
11. Causal Models and Causal Maps.
Causality between Events, Revisited.
Why We Need Causal Models.
What Causal Models Are.
Defining a Causal Model and a Causal Map.
Using Pattern Pairs to Specify Causal Models.
Using Causal Rules.
Resolving Ambiguities.
Causal Maps.
A Small Example of a Causal Map.
A Second Example of a Causal Map.
Developing Accurate Causal Models.
Summary.
12. Case Study: Viewing Collaboration between Business Processes.
A Collaborative Business Agreement.
An Interface Communication Architecture.
Causal Model.
Causal Map.
Examples of Causal Rules.
Examples of Constraints.
Analysis of Examples of Posets.
Constraint Checking Becomes Part of the Collaboration.
13. Implementing Event Abstraction Hierarchies.
The Accessible Information Gap.
Event Abstraction Hierarchies, Revisited.
Induced Causality.
Abstraction Effect on Constraints.
Modifiability.
Bridging the Information Gaps.
Steps to Apply a Hierarchy to a Target System.
A Hierarchy for a Fabrication Process.
Personal Views.
Implementation.
Diagnostics.
14. Case Study: Viewing a Financial Trading System.
A Small Stock-Trading System.
The Information Gap for STS.
An Event Abstraction Hierarchy for STS.
Building the Event Abstraction Hierarchy.
Level 1.
Level 2.
Level 3.
Implementing Hierarchical Viewing for STS.
Three Steps toward Human Control.
Drill-Down Diagnostics.
Detecting Constraint Violations.
The Abstraction Effect.
Summary.
15. Infrastructure for Complex Event Processing.
Examples of Forms of Observed Events.
Interfacing CEP Infrastructure to Target Systems.
CEP Adapters.
CEP Runtime Infrastructure.
Infrastructure Interfaces and Components.
Functionality of the Interface.
Off-the-Shelf Infrastructure.
Event Pattern Languages.
Complex Event Pattern Matchers.
Quest for Scalability.
The Naive View of Pattern Matchers.
What Pattern Matchers Really Do.
Design Structure.
Rules Management.
Analysis Tools.
Summary.
Bibliography.
Index. 0201727897T04252002
Acknowledgments.
I. A SIMPLE INTRODUCTION TO COMPLEX EVENT PROCESSING.
1. The Global Information Society and the Need for New Technology.
Distributed Information Systems Everywhere.
The Global Communication Spaghetti Pot.
Event Causality.
Electronic Archeology: Layers upon Layers.
A Layered Enterprise System.
Vertical Causality: Tracking Events up and down the Layers.
Event Aggregation: Making High-Level Sense out of Low-Level Events.
The Gathering Storm of New Activities on the Web.
Global Electronic Trade.
Agile Systems.
Cyber Warfare and the Open Electronic Society.
Summary: Staying ahead of Chaos.
2. Managing the Electronic Enterprise in the Global Event Cloud.
How the Global Event Cloud Forms.
The Open Enterprise.
The Global Event Cloud.
The Electronic Enterprise.
Operating in the Global Event Cloud.
Going Beyond Workflow.
Parallel and Asynchronous Processes.
On-the-Fly Process Evolution.
Exceptions Must Be First-Class Citizens in Process Design.
Summary: Managing the Electronic Enterprise.
3. Viewing the Electronic Enterprise-Keeping the Human in Control.
Today's Event Monitoring Is Too Primitive.
System Monitoring Focuses on the Network Layer.
Network-Level Monitoring Doesn't Even Solve Network Problems.
An Example of Causal Tracking.
Information Gaps.
Examples of Information Gaps.
Problem-Relevant Information.
Viewing Enterprise Systems.
Creating and Coordinating Multiple Views.
Hierarchical Viewing.
An Example of Hierarchical Viewing.
Summary: Viewing the Electronic Enterprise.
4. Designing the Electronic Enterprise.
Process Architectures.
Roles of Architecture in the Process Lifecycle.
Constituents of Process Architectures.
Annotations.
Architectural Structure.
Interface Communication Architectures.
Architecture Diagrams.
Behavior Specification.
Design Constraints.
Examples of Informal Annotations.
Dynamic Process Architectures.
Diagrams for Dynamic Architectures?
Layered Architectures and Plug-and-Play.
Abstraction Principle.
Summary: Technology to Support Process Architecture.
5. Events, Timing, and Causality.
What Events Are.
How Events Are Created.
Time, Causality, and Aggregation.
The Cause-Time Axiom.
Genetic Parameters in Events.
Timestamps.
Causal Vectors.
Time.
Causality and Posets.
Causal Event Executions-Real-Time Posets.
Orderly Observation.
Observation and Uncertainty.
Summary.
6. Event Patterns, Rules, and Constraints.
Common Kinds of Pattern Searching.
Event Patterns.
A Strawman Pattern Language.
Pattern Matching.
Writing Patterns in STRAW-EPL.
Event Pattern Rules.
Constraints.
Summary.
7. Complex Events and Event Hierarchies.
Aggregation and Complex Events.
Creating Complex Events.
Event Abstraction Hierarchies.
Viewing a Fabrication Line.
Building Personalized Concept Abstraction Hierarchies.
Viewing Network Activity.
Viewing Stock-Trading Activity.
Summary.
II. BUILDING SOLUTIONS WITH CEP.
8. The RAPIDE Pattern Language.
Event Pattern Languages-Basic Requirements.
Features of Rapide.
Types.
Predefined Types.
Structured Types.
Event Types.
Execution Types.
Subtyping of Executions.
Attributes of Events.
Basic Event Patterns.
Placeholders and Pattern Matching.
Matching Basic Event Patterns.
Placeholder Bindings.
Notation to Aid in Writing Patterns.
Relational Operators and Complex Patterns.
Relational Operators.
Guarded Patterns.
Content-Based Pattern Matching.
Context-Based Pattern Matching.
Temporal Operators.
Repetitive Patterns.
Pattern Macros.
Summary.
9. CEP Rules and Agents.
Overview.
Event Pattern Rules.
Definition of Event Pattern Rules.
Rule Bodies.
Context and Visibility Laws.
Semantics of Event Pattern Rules.
Examples of Rules.
Event Processing Agents.
Definition of EPAs.
Semantics of EPAs.
Event Pattern Filters.
Definition of Filters.
Semantics of Filters.
Action Name Filters.
Content Filters
Context Filters.
Event Pattern Maps.
Definition of Maps.
Semantics of Maps.
Event Pattern Constraints.
Definition of Constraints.
Semantics of Constraints.
Examples of Constraints.
Other Classes of EPAs.
Summary.
10. Event Processing Networks.
Common Structures of EPNs.
Flexibility of Event Processing Networks.
Connecting Event Processing Agents.
Basic Connections.
Guarded Connections.
Multiple Basic Connections.
Dynamic Event Processing Networks.
Class Connections.
Creation and Termination Rules.
Connection Generators.
Architectures and Event Processing Networks.
Architecture Classes.
Semantics of Architecture Classes.
Examples of EPNs and Architectures.
Case Study: EPNs for Network Viewing.
Visual Tools for Constructing EPNs.
Security.
Scalability.
Summary.
11. Causal Models and Causal Maps.
Causality between Events, Revisited.
Why We Need Causal Models.
What Causal Models Are.
Defining a Causal Model and a Causal Map.
Using Pattern Pairs to Specify Causal Models.
Using Causal Rules.
Resolving Ambiguities.
Causal Maps.
A Small Example of a Causal Map.
A Second Example of a Causal Map.
Developing Accurate Causal Models.
Summary.
12. Case Study: Viewing Collaboration between Business Processes.
A Collaborative Business Agreement.
An Interface Communication Architecture.
Causal Model.
Causal Map.
Examples of Causal Rules.
Examples of Constraints.
Analysis of Examples of Posets.
Constraint Checking Becomes Part of the Collaboration.
13. Implementing Event Abstraction Hierarchies.
The Accessible Information Gap.
Event Abstraction Hierarchies, Revisited.
Induced Causality.
Abstraction Effect on Constraints.
Modifiability.
Bridging the Information Gaps.
Steps to Apply a Hierarchy to a Target System.
A Hierarchy for a Fabrication Process.
Personal Views.
Implementation.
Diagnostics.
14. Case Study: Viewing a Financial Trading System.
A Small Stock-Trading System.
The Information Gap for STS.
An Event Abstraction Hierarchy for STS.
Building the Event Abstraction Hierarchy.
Level 1.
Level 2.
Level 3.
Implementing Hierarchical Viewing for STS.
Three Steps toward Human Control.
Drill-Down Diagnostics.
Detecting Constraint Violations.
The Abstraction Effect.
Summary.
15. Infrastructure for Complex Event Processing.
Examples of Forms of Observed Events.
Interfacing CEP Infrastructure to Target Systems.
CEP Adapters.
CEP Runtime Infrastructure.
Infrastructure Interfaces and Components.
Functionality of the Interface.
Off-the-Shelf Infrastructure.
Event Pattern Languages.
Complex Event Pattern Matchers.
Quest for Scalability.
The Naive View of Pattern Matchers.
What Pattern Matchers Really Do.
Design Structure.
Rules Management.
Analysis Tools.
Summary.
Bibliography.
Index. 0201727897T04252002