RF Systems, Components and Circuits Handbook

Introduction to Communication Systems: Background Information and Terminology. Introduction to Communication Services and Systems. Other Types of Communication Systems Not Covered by the ITU Frequency Allocations. Introduction to Radar, Navigation, Radio Astronomy, and Electron-Warfare Systems: Radar Frequency Bands. Civilian Radar Applications. Military Radar Applications. Radar Cross Section Test Ranges. Infrared and Optical Laser Radars. Navigation Systems. Radio Astronomy Service. Electronic Warfare Systems (EW). Radio Frequency Propagation: Antennas. Electromagnetic Waves, Fields, and Power Density. RF Electric Field Waveforms and Vector Diagrams. Free Space Path Loss. Excess Path Loss and Atmospheric Attenuation. Atmospheric Refraction. Diffraction of Radio Waves. Multipath. Ionospheric Propagation. Ground Wave Propagation. Scatter Propagation. Fiber-Optic Cable Propagation. RF Noise and Link Analysis: RF Noise and Signal-to-Noise Ratio Concepts. Noise Power, Noise Temperature, and Noise Figure of Systems. Multiple Stage Systems with Noise. Types of Noise. Signal-to-Noise Improvement for a Radar by Use of Integration. Required Signal-to-Noise Ratio. Communication System Link Analysis. Performance Calculations for Radar Systems with ECM. Performance Calculations for Communication Systems with ECM. RF Modulation: Amplitude Modulation. Frequency Modulation (FM). Phase Shift Keying. Pulse Modulation. Pulse Code Modulation. Modulation for Telemetry. Time-Division Multiplex. Modulation for Radar. Emission Designations. Example Bandwidth Requirements and Emission Designations. Building Blocks for RF Systems: Transmission Lines and Related Devices. Wave Guides and Related Devices. Antennas and Related Devices. RF Filters. Amplifiers. Oscillators and Frequency Synthesizers. Frequency Multipliers. Mixers. Modulators. Detectors and Demodulators. Signal Processing. DC Power Supplies. Example Communication Systems: LF Communication Systems. MF Communication Systems. HF Communication Systems. VHF Communication Systems. Microwave Communication Systems. Tropospheric Scatter Relay Communication Systems. Satellite Relay Communication Systems. Radar Systems: Radar Cross Section of Targets. Radar Clutter. Radar Measurements. CW Radar Systems. MTI and Pulse Doppler Radars. Signal Processing for MTI Radars. Tracking Radars. Transmission Lines and Transmission Line Circuits: Two-Wire Transmission Lines. Coax Transmission Lines. Coax Cable Connectors. Microstrip Transmission Lines. Stripline Transmission Lines. Transmission Line Characteristics. The Smith Chart. Impedance Matching Calculations Using the Smith Chart. Coax Terminations. Coax Directional Couplers. Baluns. Two-Wire Transmission Line Impedance Transformer. Stripline Circuits. Ferrite Circulators and Isolators. Coax Electromechanical Switches. Stripline PIN Diode Switches. Spark Gap Switch for Lightning Protection. Waveguides and Cavity Resonators: Introduction to Waveguides and Cavity Resonators. Rectangular Waveguides. Higher Modes in Rectangular Waveguides. Generation and Filtering of Different Modes in a Waveguide. Characteristic Wave Impedance for Waveguides. Other Types of Waveguides. Waveguide Hardware. Waveguide Hybrid Junctions. Waveguide Impedance Matching. Waveguide Resistive Loads and Attenuators. Waveguide Directional Couplers. Waveguide Ferrite Isolators, Circulators, and Switches. Waveguide Mixers, Detectors, and Diode Mounts. Gas-Tube Switches. Duplexers. Cavity Resonators. Antennas: Monopole Antennas. Dipole Antennas. Yagi-Uda Antennas. Sleeve Antennas. Loop Antennas. Helical Antennas. Spiral Antennas. Log Periodic Antennas. Slot Antennas. Notch Antennas. Horn Antennas. Lens Antennas. Array Antennas. Planar Antennas. Ways to Scan Arrays. Flat Plate Reflector Type Antennas. Parabolic Reflector Antennas. Resistors, Inductors, Capacitors, and RLC Circuits: Conductors and Skin Effect. RF Resistors. Inductors and Inductive Reactance. RF Chokes. Capacitors and Capacitive Reactance. Series Resonant RLC Circuits. Parallel Resonant RLC Circuits. Complex Resonant Circuits. The Smith Chart and Its Application to Circuit Analysis. Thevenin and Norton Equivalent Circuits. S-Parameters. Impedance Matching Using LC Circuits. Impedance Matching Design Using the Smith Chart. LC Filters. Magnetic Transformer Devices and Circuits: Conventional Low-Frequency Transformers. Magnetic Core Materials for RF Transformers. Tuned Transformers. High-Frequency Wideband Conventional RF Transformers. Transmission-Line Transformers. Piezoelectric, High Q Dielectric, and YIG Devices and Circuits: Quartz Crystal Resonators for Oscillators. Ceramic Filters. Monolithic Crystal Filters. Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Delay Lines. SAW Delay Line Oscillators. Bulk Acoustic Wave (BAW) Devices. Dielectric Resonant Oscillators. YIG Resonators and Filters. Semiconductor Diodes and Circuits: Semiconductor Materials. Semiconductor Diode Devices. Transistors and Transistor Circuits: Bipolar Junction Transistors and Circuits. Field-Effect Transistors and Circuits. Comparison of FET and BJT Amplifiers. Manufacturer's Data Sheets for Transistors. DC Bias Circuits. Distortion with BJT and FET Amplifiers. Stability with BJT and FET Amplifiers. Coupling and Impedance Matching. Design Methods with S-Parameters. Intermediate Frequency (IF) Amplifiers. Front-End RF Amplifiers. MOSFET Power Amplifiers. Microwave Bipolar Junction Pulsed Power Transistors and Amplifiers. High Power Grid-Type Vacuum Tubes and Circuits: Triode, Tetrode, and Pentode Vacuum Tubes. Grid-Type Vacuum Tube Amplifiers and Modulated Amplifiers. the Use of Cavities as Resonators for High Frequency Triodes and Tetrodes. Microwave Tubes and Circuits: Comparison of Microwave Power Devices. Descriptions, Principles of Operation, and Applications for Microwave Tubes. Circuit Configurations for Microwave Tubes.