A History of Rome

List of Plates List of Figures List of Genealogical Tables Preface to the Third Edition Preface to the Second Edition Preface to the First Edition Abbreviations Introduction The Sources for Roman History Rome and the Mediterranean The Origins of the Roman Miracle Part I: From the Origins to the Empire: 1. Italy before Rome: The Peoples of Primitive Italy The Cultures of Primitive Italy The East's Grip on the West 2. The Formation of Rome: From Romulus to the Tarquins: Latin and Sabine Kings Etruscan Rome The Religion of Archaic Rome 3. The Young Republic: The Fifth and Fourth Centuries bc: The Birth of the Republic The Decemvirs and their Task In Search of Equilibrium (449 - 312 bc) The Republic's Institutions at the End of the Fourth Century 4. The Growth of the Republic: War and Conquest in the Third Century bc: Economy, Society, Army The Conquest of Central and Southern Italy The Hellenization of Art and Religion The Punic Wars Gladitorial Combat: Rise and Early Development 5. Consequences of Conquest: the Second Century bc: Roman Imperialism: The Grip of the West on the East Roman Triumphs: Spectacles of Military Victory The Economic, Social, and Political Consequences of the Conquests Cultural and Spiritual Consequences 6. Crisis of the Republic: The First Century bc: Personal Ambitions and the Civil Wars Spectacles in the Late Republic: Festivals, Celebrations, and Games The End of the Republic: The Second Triumvirate: Toward a New Order Part II: Rome, Master of the World: 7. The Roman World in 31 - 28 bc: Actium and its Aftermath Rome and Italy The Provinces Beyond the Frontiers 8. Augustus: The Birth of the Imperial Regime: 29 bc - ad 14: The Formation of the Principate The Emperor and his Entourage A Hierarchy of Offices The Army and its Conquests The Administration of the Empire Augustus: Showman and Gamesmaster of Rome Religious Policy The Succession 9. The Julio-Claudians: The System Under Stress, ad 14 - 68: Four Personalities Constants and Innovations Development of the Administration 10. The Flavians: Consolidating the Imperial Order, ad 68 - 96: Return of the Civil Wars? The "Bourgeois" Empire of Vespasian and Titus Domitian and Tyranny (ad 81 - 96) A Developing Municipal Life and a Changing Society 11. The Antonine Empire, ad 96 - 192: "Italo-Provincial" Emperors Italy in Decline, the Provinces Expanding Romanization A Mediterranean Economy The Army Spectacles and the Roman Empire Religious Life 12. The African and Syrian Emperors, ad 193 - 235: The Crisis of 193 - 197 Septimius Severus and his Sons Macrinus, Elagabalus, Severus Alexander Provincial Upsurge and the Orientalization of the Empire? Part III: Another Roman World (Third to Fifth Century): The Nature of the Times 13. Equilibrium, ad 235: A Fragile Balance Rome and Italy The Western Provinces The Eastern Provinces Beyond the Limes Balance and Disequilibrium 14. A Disintegrating Order, ad 235 - 284: Sinking into Crisis (235 - 260) The Nature and Limits of the Crisis The reaction of the Imperial Government (260 - 284) 15. A Different Order, ad 284, 361: Diocletian and the Tetrarchy (284 - 305) Constantine (306 - 337) Constantine's Sons (337 - 361) Three Emperors and their Achievements 16. Different Institutions: Reorganization: Central Government The Army Territorial Authorities Cities and Municipal Life An Absolute Monarchy 17. A Different Socio-Economic World: Recovery and State Control: The Economic Recovery Society and the State Towns and Villas Expansion and Lifestyles 18. A Different Civilization: Between Paganism and Christianity: The Character of the Times Paganism on the Defensive Judaism between the Empire and the Church Christianity takes the Offensive Boom and Decline 19. The End of the Roman World? Julian (361 - 363) The Start of a New Crisis (364 - 395) The End of Rome? Chronological Table Glossary Guide to Greek and Roman Writers: David Cherry Guide to Further Reading: David Cherry, including further reading on the Spectacles by Donald G. Kyle Index